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Placement of the Chanukah Candles: Difference between revisions

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Placement of the Chanukah Candles (view source)

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==Lighting Indoors or Outdoors==
==Lighting Indoors or Outdoors==
# Nowadays, many have the practice to light indoors even when it is not dangerous to light outside. If one is lighting indoors, he should place the chanukia to the left of the door within a [[tefach]] of the door. If, however, there is a window facing the public within 20 [[amot]] of the ground, he should light by the window rather than by the door. Some are strict to light outside, placing their chanukia inside a glass box.<ref>
# Nowadays, many have the practice to light indoors even when it is not dangerous to light outside. If one is lighting indoors, he should place the chanukia to the left of the door within a [[tefach]] of the door. If, however, there is a window facing the public within 20 [[amot]] of the ground, he should light by the window rather than by the door. Some are strict to light outside, placing their chanukia inside a glass box.<ref>
* The Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 21b) states that one may light indoors if it there is a danger in lighting outside. Rashi and Tosfot (s.v. Ubeshat HaSakanah) explain that the ruling authority of the time outlawed lighting candles outdoors. Accordingly, the Or Zaru’a 2:323 asked why nowadays, when such danger no longer exists, the practice is to light inside. The Shibolei HaLeket 185 answers that once there was a time when Jews had to light indoors, the minhag remained even if its original motivation dissipated. Another approach in defense of the minhag is based on the opinion of the Ritva. The Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Ubeshat HaSakana) quotes his Rebbe as saying that if one can not light outside because of the winds, one should light inside.
* The Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 21b) states that one may light indoors if there is a danger in lighting outside. Rashi and Tosfot (s.v. Ubeshat HaSakanah) explain that the ruling authority of the time outlawed lighting candles outdoors. Accordingly, the Or Zaru’a 2:323 asked why nowadays, when such danger no longer exists, the practice is to light inside. The Shibolei HaLeket 185, Itur 2 pg. 114d, and Haohel Moed (Chanukah 5) answers that once there was a time when Jews had to light indoors, the minhag remained even if its original motivation dissipated. Another approach in defense of the minhag is based on the opinion of the Ritva. The Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Ubeshat HaSakana) quotes his teacher as saying that if one cannot light outside because of the winds, one should light inside.
 
* The Rama 671:7 writes that the accepted minhag nowadays is to light indoors next to the doorway. The Mishna Brurah 671:38 (and Shaar HaTziyun 671:20) adds that if there's a window to the public domain and there's no issue of danger one should light by the window unless it is above 20 [[amot]] from the street level. Yalkut Yosef 671:22 writes that if it is possible one should light outdoors since there’s no danger to light outside nowadays.
* Seemingly, the only exemption to lighting outside is a time of danger as in [[Shabbat]] 21b. Rashi and Tosfot (D”H Ubeshat Sakanah) explain that it was outlawed by the king to light. Thus Or Zaruh 2:323 asks, now, when there isn’t danger, why don’t we light outside.
* However Itur 2 pg 114d, Shibolei Leket 185, and HaOhel Moed ([[Chanukah]] 5) say that once there was a Minhag not to light outside because of danger, the Minhag stayed in place. Another reason to be lenient is the Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21b) and Rabbenu Perachya who say a prevention to light outside such as wind is also called “time of danger”.  
* Similarly, Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rav Amram Goan, Hilchot Kesuvot Min HaGoenim, Darkei Moshe 671:9, Bach 671e hold that since thieves come (which is also called “danger”), they would light inside.  
* Similarly, Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rav Amram Goan, Hilchot Kesuvot Min HaGoenim, Darkei Moshe 671:9, Bach 671e hold that since thieves come (which is also called “danger”), they would light inside.  
* Sh”t Imrei Noam 2:29 and Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 6:66 quote Megilat Taanit 1 which says because of a fear of scoffers the practice is to light inside.
* Sh”t Imrei Noam 2:29 and Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 6:66 quote Megilat Taanit 1 which says because of a fear of scoffers the practice is to light inside.
* Nonetheless, the Meiri ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 45a s.v. Makmi) in name of Ri, Rid, Riaz, Ran, and Pri [[Chadash]] explaining S”A 671:5 say that a “danger” is considered when the government makes a decree forbidding lighting (and not just a fear of thievery). Still, the Raavad, Rashba, Sefer Trumah, and Ritva (against the Rambam) hold that if one lights inside not at the time of danger one fulfills his obligation after the fact.
* The Rama 671:7 writes that the accepted minhag nowadays is to light indoors next to the doorway. The Mishna Brurah 671:38 (and Shaar HaTziyun 671:20) adds that if there's a window to the public domain and there's no issue of danger one should light by the window unless it is above 20 [[amot]] from the street level. Yalkut Yosef 671:22 and Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 write that if it is possible one should light outdoors since there’s no danger to light outside nowadays.
* Rama 671:7 writes that the accepted minhag nowadays is to light indoors next to the doorway. Mishna Brurah 671:38 agrees and adds that if there's a window to the public domain and there's no issue of danger one should light by the window.
* Nonetheless, the Meiri ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 45a s.v. Makmi) in name of Ri, Rid, Riaz, Ran, and Pri [[Chadash]] explaining S”A 671:5 say that a “danger” is considered when the government makes a decree forbidding lighting (and not just a fear of thievery). Still, the Raavad, Rashba, Sefer Trumah, and Ritva (against the Rambam) hold that if one lights inside in a time of no danger one fulfills his obligation after the fact.  
* Others who defend the practice to light inside include: Tzafnat Pane’ach ([[Chanukah]] 3:3), Yaskil Avdi O”C 7:46, and Torat HaMoadim 3:4. See Mishna Brurah 671:35. Hanukah Booklet by Shaare Rachamim (pg 110) writes that Syrian minhag is to light indoors.  
* Others who defend the practice to light inside include: Tzafnat Pane’ach ([[Chanukah]] 3:3), Yaskil Avdi O”C 7:46, and Torat HaMoadim 3:4. See Mishna Brurah 671:35. Hanukah Booklet by Shaare Rachamim (pg 110) writes that Syrian minhag is to light indoors.  
* [Sh”t Dvar Yehoshua 1:40 says nowadays one can only light indoors and it doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah to light outside. However Yalkut Yosef (Moadim 231-2) quotes Rav Ovadyah’s response to this that it’s better to light outside but one is allowed to light inside.] </ref>
* [Sh”t Devar Yehoshua 1:40 says nowadays one can only light indoors, and it doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah to light outside. However Chacham Ovadia Yosef (Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 231-2) strongly disagrees and writes that it’s better to light outside, although  one is allowed to light inside.] [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=1555 Rabbi Eli Mansour agrees]</ref>
# If there are many people in a building lighting outside so that there's not enough room for everyone to light within a tefach of the door, some poskim write that as long as one chanukia is within a tefach the others that are adjacent are acceptable. However, some poskim hold that the chanukia needs to be within a tefach and if that isn't possible several people should join together in lighting one chanukia.<ref>Piskei Shemuot (Chanuka p. 63 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman (Madenei Shlomo p. 110) as saying that since it is evident that one is only not lighting within a tefach because there is already a chanukia there,  it is acceptable to light further away. However, he also quotes Rav Elyashiv (Shvut Yitzchak v. 8 p. 112) as saying that one may not light beyond a tefach of the door even in such a case. Rather some people should join together for a single chanukia.</ref>
# If there are many people in a building lighting outside so that there's not enough room for everyone to light within a tefach of the door, some poskim write that as long as one chanukia is within a tefach the others that are adjacent are acceptable. However, some poskim hold that the chanukia needs to be within a tefach and if that isn't possible several people should join together in lighting one chanukia.<ref>Piskei Shemuot (Chanuka p. 63 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman (Madenei Shlomo p. 110) as saying that since it is evident that one is only not lighting within a tefach because there is already a chanukia there,  it is acceptable to light further away. However, he also quotes Rav Elyashiv (Shvut Yitzchak v. 8 p. 112) as saying that one may not light beyond a tefach of the door even in such a case. Rather some people should join together for a single chanukia.</ref>
===Lighting in Yeshiva===
===Lighting in Yeshiva===
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