3,231
edits
Placement of the Chanukah Candles: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
Placement of the Chanukah Candles (view source)
Revision as of 23:09, 12 December 2017
, 12 December 2017→Lighting Indoors or Outdoors
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
==Lighting Indoors or Outdoors== | ==Lighting Indoors or Outdoors== | ||
# Nowadays, many have the practice to light indoors even when it is not dangerous to light outside. If one is lighting indoors, he should place the chanukia to the left of the door within a [[tefach]] of the door. If, however, there is a window facing the public within 20 [[amot]] of the ground, he should light by the window rather than by the door. Some are strict to light outside, placing their chanukia inside a glass box.<ref> | # Nowadays, many have the practice to light indoors even when it is not dangerous to light outside. If one is lighting indoors, he should place the chanukia to the left of the door within a [[tefach]] of the door. If, however, there is a window facing the public within 20 [[amot]] of the ground, he should light by the window rather than by the door. Some are strict to light outside, placing their chanukia inside a glass box.<ref> | ||
* The Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 21b) states that one may light indoors if there is a danger in lighting outside. Rashi and Tosfot (s.v. Ubeshat HaSakanah) explain that the ruling authority of the time outlawed lighting candles outdoors. Accordingly, the Or Zaru’a 2:323 asked why nowadays, when such danger no longer exists, the practice is to light inside. The Shibolei HaLeket 185, Itur 2 pg. 114d, and Haohel Moed (Chanukah 5) answers that once there was a time when Jews had to light indoors, the minhag remained even if its original motivation dissipated. Another approach in defense of the minhag is based on the opinion of the Ritva. The Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Ubeshat HaSakana) quotes his teacher as saying that if one cannot light outside because of the winds, one should light inside. | * The Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 21b) states that one may light indoors if there is a danger in lighting outside. Rashi and Tosfot (s.v. Ubeshat HaSakanah) explain that the ruling authority of the time outlawed lighting candles outdoors. Accordingly, the Or Zaru’a 2:323 asked why nowadays, when such danger no longer exists, the practice is to light inside. The Shibolei HaLeket 185, Itur 2 pg. 114d, and Haohel Moed (Chanukah 5) answers that once there was a time when Jews had to light indoors, the minhag remained even if its original motivation dissipated. Another approach in defense of the minhag is based on the opinion of the Ritva. The Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Ubeshat HaSakana) quotes his teacher as saying that if one cannot light outside because of the winds, one should light inside. This argument in defense of the custom to light indoors is made by the Aruch Hashulchan 671:24. see however Sheelet Yaavetz 1:149 who argues that for this reason you should light in a glass case that is protected from the wind | ||
* Similarly, Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rav Amram | * Similarly, Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rav Amram Gaon, Hilchot Kesuvot Min HaGoenim, Darkei Moshe 671:9, Bach 671e hold that since thieves come (which is also called “danger”), they would light inside. | ||
* Sh”t Imrei Noam 2:29 and Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 6:66 quote Megilat Taanit 1 which says because of a fear of scoffers the practice is to light inside. | * Sh”t Imrei Noam 2:29 and Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 6:66 quote Megilat Taanit 1 which says because of a fear of scoffers the practice is to light inside. | ||
* The Rama 671:7 writes that the accepted minhag nowadays is to light indoors next to the doorway. The Mishna Brurah 671:38 (and Shaar HaTziyun 671:20) adds that if there's a window to the public domain and there's no issue of danger one should light by the window unless it is above 20 [[amot]] from the street level. Yalkut Yosef 671:22 and Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 write that if it is possible one should light outdoors since there’s no danger to light outside nowadays. | * The Rama 671:7 writes that the accepted minhag nowadays is to light indoors next to the doorway. The Mishna Brurah 671:38 (and Shaar HaTziyun 671:20) adds that if there's a window to the public domain and there's no issue of danger one should light by the window unless it is above 20 [[amot]] from the street level. Yalkut Yosef 671:22 and Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 write that if it is possible one should light outdoors since there’s no danger to light outside nowadays. | ||
* Nonetheless, the Meiri ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 45a s.v. Makmi) in name of Ri, Rid, Riaz, Ran, and Pri [[Chadash]] explaining S”A 671:5 say that a “danger” is considered when the government makes a decree forbidding lighting (and not just a fear of thievery). Still, the Raavad, Rashba, Sefer Trumah, and Ritva (against the Rambam) hold that if one lights inside in a time of no danger one fulfills his obligation after the fact. | * Nonetheless, the Meiri ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 45a s.v. Makmi) in name of Ri, Rid, Riaz, Ran, and Pri [[Chadash]] explaining S”A 671:5 say that a “danger” is considered when the government makes a decree forbidding lighting (and not just a fear of thievery). Still, the Raavad, Rashba, Sefer Trumah, and Ritva (against the Rambam) hold that if one lights inside in a time of no danger one fulfills his obligation after the fact. | ||
* Others who defend the practice to light inside include: Tzafnat | * Others who defend the practice to light inside include: Tzafnat Paane’ach ([[Chanukah]] 3:3), Yaskil Avdi O”C 7:46, and Torat HaMoadim 3:4. See Mishna Brurah 671:35. Hanukah Booklet by Shaare Rachamim (pg 110) writes that Syrian minhag is to light indoors. | ||
* [Sh”t Devar Yehoshua 1:40 says nowadays one can only light indoors, and it doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah to light outside. However Chacham Ovadia Yosef (Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 231-2) strongly disagrees and | * [Sh”t Devar Yehoshua 1:40 says nowadays one can only light indoors, and it doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah to light outside. However Chacham Ovadia Yosef (Chazon Ovadia pg. 36-38 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 231-2) strongly disagrees. He writes that both the Rambam (Chanuka 4:7) and the Shulchan Aruch 671:5 wrote the halacha that you should light outside but when it's dangerous you can light inside. This implies that if possible, one should light outside. Thus he concludes, that it’s better to light outside, although one is allowed to light inside.] [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=1555 Rabbi Eli Mansour], Rav Elyashiv (Kovetz Teshuvot 1:67), Shu"t Divrei Menachem 4:36, Shu"t Yaskil Avdi OC 7:46, all argue that ideally you should light outside when it's not dangerous.</ref> | ||
# If there are many people in a building lighting outside so that there's not enough room for everyone to light within a tefach of the door, some poskim write that as long as one chanukia is within a tefach the others that are adjacent are acceptable. However, some poskim hold that the chanukia needs to be within a tefach and if that isn't possible several people should join together in lighting one chanukia.<ref>Piskei Shemuot (Chanuka p. 63 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman (Madenei Shlomo p. 110) as saying that since it is evident that one is only not lighting within a tefach because there is already a chanukia there, it is acceptable to light further away. However, he also quotes Rav Elyashiv (Shvut Yitzchak v. 8 p. 112) as saying that one may not light beyond a tefach of the door even in such a case. Rather some people should join together for a single chanukia.</ref> | # If there are many people in a building lighting outside so that there's not enough room for everyone to light within a tefach of the door, some poskim write that as long as one chanukia is within a tefach the others that are adjacent are acceptable. However, some poskim hold that the chanukia needs to be within a tefach and if that isn't possible several people should join together in lighting one chanukia.<ref>Piskei Shemuot (Chanuka p. 63 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman (Madenei Shlomo p. 110) as saying that since it is evident that one is only not lighting within a tefach because there is already a chanukia there, it is acceptable to light further away. However, he also quotes Rav Elyashiv (Shvut Yitzchak v. 8 p. 112) as saying that one may not light beyond a tefach of the door even in such a case. Rather some people should join together for a single chanukia.</ref> | ||
===Lighting in Yeshiva=== | ===Lighting in Yeshiva=== | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
===Windy place=== | ===Windy place=== | ||
# In a place where it’s windy (which would blow out the candle) one is allowed to light inside. Some are strict to light outside with a glass covering. However one should be careful to light with the glass covering on and not that after lighting one covers it with the glass. <ref> Aruch HaShulchan 671:24 says our practice isn’t to light outside since in our areas it commonly rains, snows and there’s strong wind. Also the Rabbis didn’t impose such a burden of setting up a glass case for the Chanukia. Sh”t Shelit Yaavetz 149 writes that one should light outside with a glass covering, implying if there’s wind me’ikar hadin one doesn’t need to light outside. Torat HaMoadim [[Chanukah]] 3:3 requires with the glass covering on is because otherwise it’s like lighting a candle that can’t last a half hour which S”A 675:2 renders the lighting unfit even if more fuel is added later. So too Shiltei Giborim ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Piskei Riaz, Rivta, Rabbenu Perachya, Back 673, Magen Avraham 673:12, Taz 673e, Pri [[Chadash]], and Eliyah Rabba 673:14 write that one can’t light in a place where the wind would blow it out. Mikrei Kodesh ([[Chanukah]] 17) writes that the Mahril Disken would light with the covering on so that at the time he lit he could leave it and it’d stay lit without closing the covering, however he defends the Minhag to light and then put on the cover. </ref> | # In a place where it’s windy (which would blow out the candle) one is allowed to light inside. Some are strict to light outside with a glass covering. However, one should be careful to light with the glass covering on and not that after lighting one covers it with the glass. <ref> Aruch HaShulchan 671:24 says our practice isn’t to light outside since in our areas it commonly rains, snows and there’s strong wind. Also the Rabbis didn’t impose such a burden of setting up a glass case for the Chanukia. Sh”t Shelit Yaavetz 149 writes that one should light outside with a glass covering, implying if there’s wind me’ikar hadin one doesn’t need to light outside. Torat HaMoadim [[Chanukah]] 3:3 requires with the glass covering on is because otherwise it’s like lighting a candle that can’t last a half hour which S”A 675:2 renders the lighting unfit even if more fuel is added later. So too Shiltei Giborim ([[Shabbat]] 21b), Piskei Riaz, Rivta, Rabbenu Perachya, Back 673, Magen Avraham 673:12, Taz 673e, Pri [[Chadash]], and Eliyah Rabba 673:14 write that one can’t light in a place where the wind would blow it out. Mikrei Kodesh ([[Chanukah]] 17) writes that the Mahril Disken would light with the covering on so that at the time he lit he could leave it and it’d stay lit without closing the covering, however he defends the Minhag to light and then put on the cover. </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t light in a place where it’s windy. If one did so and it gets blown out within a half hour one doesn’t fulfill one’s obligation, therefore one should relight without a Bracha. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 673:25 writes that just like one shouldn’t light without sufficient amount of oil, one shouldn’t light in a place that’s windy. If one did so and the wind blows it out one should relight it without a Bracha. </ref> | # One shouldn’t light in a place where it’s windy. If one did so and it gets blown out within a half hour one doesn’t fulfill one’s obligation, therefore one should relight without a Bracha. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 673:25 writes that just like one shouldn’t light without sufficient amount of oil, one shouldn’t light in a place that’s windy. If one did so and the wind blows it out one should relight it without a Bracha. </ref> | ||
# If one lit in a windy area and the candles last a half hour so say that retroactively one fulfilled the mitzvah, while others say that one didn’t fulfill the mitzvah and should relight without a Bracha. <Ref> Sh”t Har Tzvi Siman 114 writes that if the wind doesn’t blow it out certainly one fulfills the obligation retroactively. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Halichot Shlomo (16:6 pg 301) agrees. However, Rav Chaim Kanievsky and Rav Nassim Karlitz quoted in Kovetz Shemuot ([[Chanukah]] pg 123) who argue that since it wasn’t light properly even if it doesn’t get blown out one doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah and one should relight without a Bracha.</ref> | # If one lit in a windy area and the candles last a half hour so say that retroactively one fulfilled the mitzvah, while others say that one didn’t fulfill the mitzvah and should relight without a Bracha. <Ref> Sh”t Har Tzvi Siman 114 writes that if the wind doesn’t blow it out certainly one fulfills the obligation retroactively. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Halichot Shlomo (16:6 pg 301) agrees. However, Rav Chaim Kanievsky and Rav Nassim Karlitz quoted in Kovetz Shemuot ([[Chanukah]] pg 123) who argue that since it wasn’t light properly even if it doesn’t get blown out one doesn’t fulfill the mitzvah and one should relight without a Bracha.</ref> | ||
