Pesukei DeZimrah: Difference between revisions

# The practice of Sephardic women is that since there’s no obligation, if women want to say it, they can only say it without Hashem’s name in the Bracha. The practice of Ashkenazi women is that they say the Bracha with Hashem’s name.  <Ref>Halacha Brurah 51:7 from his teshuva Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 4:3. S”A 589:6 says women can’t make brachot that are on time bound positive mitzvot and Rama says women can make these brachot. Whether women are obligated in Pesukei Dezimrah is a dispute in the Achronim. The dispute is based on the dispute in the rishonim where women are exempt from time bound mitzvoth that are derabanan. (Tosfot Brachot 20b holds they are exempt and Orchot Chaim (Hilchot [[Tzitzit]] 31) in name of Rabbenu Tam holds they are obligated.) Since pesukei dezimrah is a time bound derabanan mitzvah seemingly it’d be dependant on the dispute of the rishonim. In Siman 47, the taz and magan avraham imply from Bet Yosef that women are patur from Pesukei Dezimrah; however the Maharil haChadashot 45:2 pg 53, holds women are chayav and when Bet Yosef quotes the Maharil he leaves out that women are chayav. Mishna Brurah 70:1 implies from Rabbi Akiva Eiger that women are obligated. Or Letzion 2, 5:3 pg 44-5, holds they aren’t obligated but can still make the bracha since it’s praise of Hashem, but Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 2:165, 8:8 argues that one shouldn’t make unnecessary brachot. </ref>

== Amen after Baruch Sh’amar and Yishtabach==  

# If one finished Baruch Sh’amar with the Shaliach Tzibbur one can not answer after the Shaliach Tzibbur finishes Baruch Sh’amar because it looks like one is answering amen to one’s own bracha.  <Ref>  Teshuvat Harosh (klal 4:19), Magan Avrham 51:2, Birkei Yosef 51:2, Kesher Gudal 7:26, Shalmei Tzibbor 67:1 SHulchan Aruch Harav51:3, Siddur Bet Ovad 11, Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 8, Mishna Brurah 51:8, Kaf haCHaim 51:3. </ref>

# The Sephardic custom is to say amen after one’s own bracha when it concludes a significant section such as saying amen after Yishtabach. Ashkenazim have the minhag not to say amen after one’s own bracha as after Yishtabach, but if one finishes Yishtabach with the Shaliach Tzibbur he can answer amen.  <Ref>  S”A 51:3,215:1 and Rama 215:1. It’s permitted to answer the Shaliach tzibbur’s bracha if one finishes at the same time and it’s not an issue of looking like you are answering your own bracha. So writes the Bach 54, Magan Avrham 51:2, Beir Hetev 51:2, Shulchan Aruch HaRav 51:3, Mishna Brurah 51:3 and other Achronim.  </ref>

# When one is saying the Bracha of Baruch Sh’amar or Yishtabach after Baruch Atta Hashem, one can’t answer amen to a bracha.  <Ref>  The Magan Avraham (51:3) holds one can answer Amen during the bracha of Baruch Sh’amar since it’s a Bracha not mentioned in Talmud, so holds the Pri Chadash 51, Imri David Padir 51, Sh”t Levushei David Tanina O”C 16, Sh”t Hayshiv Moshe Titelbaum O”C 3, Mishna Brurah 51:2. However, Birkei Yosef 51:1 quotes Tur who quotes Sefer Hayecholet that Yishmael ben Elisha Cohen Gadol wrote Baruch She’amar and the mentioning of it in the Yerushalmi and Zohar. Thus, in the bracha itself one can’t answer amen, so holds Mishkenot Yacov O”C 64, Chida in Kesher Gadol 7:29, Mishna Brurah 51:2 in name of Chaye Adam 5:13, Igrot Moshe O”C 4:13, Shalmei Tzibbur pg 67b, Sh”t Zechur LeAvraham 3 pg 5b, Kaf Hachaim of Rabbi Chaim Palagi 18:5, Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 9, Tehilah LeDavid 51:1, Me’ain Ganim O”C 13:4, Torat Chaim Sofer 51:1, Biur Halacha D”H Im Siyem, Sh”t Meshiv Halacha 1:438, Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 5:7(5), 6:6(3), Sh”t Yacheva Daat 6:3 pg 18.  </ref>

# When one is saying the Bracha of Baruch Sh’amar or Yishtabach after Baruch Atta Hashem, one can answer Kedusha, Barchu, and the first five amen’s of a Sephardic Kaddish and three amen’s of an Ashkenazic Kaddish. One shouldn’t answer Barich Hu. When one answers Amen Yehe Shem Raba one should only answer up to Ulmiya Yitbarach and not until De’amiran Be’alma.  <Ref>  Kaf Hachaim of Rabbi Chaim Palagi (18:5) says one can’t answer any Dvar Sh’bekedusha during the Bracha. Yet Taharat HaMayim (Shuirei Tahara Ma’arechet 5:19, pg 54b) argues one should be allowed just as during Brachot of Shema. So holds Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 9, Kaf HaChaim of Rabbi Chaim Sofer 53:2, 54:7, Chesed LeAlafim 54:2, and Halacha Brurah 51:12. Mishna Brurah 54:3 quotes Chaye Adam 5:13 who forbids any interruption in the actual Bracha, but the Mishna Brurah says one could argue with this and leaves it as a tzarich iyun. Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 9 says one should say Amen Yehe Sheme Raba until Da’Amiran Be’alma and Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 1:5, 6:8, Halichot Olam Vayigash 3 quotes Achronim who say one should only say up to Ulmiya. Concerning Barich Hu see footnote 23.  </ref>

== Interruptions in middle of Pesukei Dezimrah==  

# After the fact, if one did interrupt during Pesukei Dezimrah with talking unrelated to prayer, according to Sephardim, one doesn’t repeat the bracha (Baruch Sh’amar) again.  [According to Ashkenazim, one has what to rely on to repeat Baruch Sh’amar.] <Ref>  Sh”t Ginat Veradim O”C klal 1:52, Sh”t Pardes HaGadol 5, Sh”t Zechur L’yitchak O”C pg 11d, Pri Megadim A”A 51:3 concludes with a Sarich Iyun, Mishna Brurah 51:4 all hold an interruption forfeits the bracha of Baruch Sh’amar and one should repeat it, Halacha Brurah in Birur Halacha 51:3 brings the Rashbetz in name of the Geonim that speech isn’t an interruption to answer a greeting of anyone or to greet someone who is due respect during Pesukei Dezimrah even between Baruch Sh’amar and the zemirot; and doesn’t effect the bracha, so holds Perach Soshan O”C klal 1:15, Korban Esheh O”C 2, Taharat HaMayim (Shuri Tahara Merechet 40:47), Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 6:5(3). Minchat Aharon 12:3e, Kaf Hachaim 51:7 implied from S”A 51:4. On the other hand, Mishna Brurah 51:4 holds one should repeat, as do several other Achronim. However, Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 6:5(3) says that had those Achronim seen the Rashbetz in the name of the Geonim they would have retracted their positions. </ref>

# In Hodu, one should pause between the words “Ki Kol Elohe HaAmim Elilim” and “VeHashem Shamayim Assa”  <Ref> So that it doesn’t look like one is including Hashem in the statement about the other deities. S”A 51:6. Beir Gra 51:7 sources this in the Masechet Soferim 4:9. In the same pasuk, one should pause between Ki and Kol (so that kaf of kol has a dagesh), and Shamayim and Assa (so the mem isn’t swallowed). Thus, the pasuk should be read: Ki – Kol Elohei HaAmim Elilim – VeHashem Shamayim – Assa.  Magan Avraham 51:5 in name of Shlah, Yad Efraim (Hagahot Tur), Bear Heteiv 51:4, Shulchan Aruch HaRav 51:7, Kitzur S"A 14:2, Mishna Brurah 51:14, Kaf Hachaim 51:7, and Halacha Brurah 51:32 agree.</ref>

== Baruch She’amar==  

# There is a practice to hold the two front tzitzit during Baruch She’amar and kiss them at the end.  <Ref>  Magan Avraham 51:1 and Kaf Hachaim 51:1 write one should hold the tzitzit during Baruch She’amar. Chesed LeAlafim 51:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 14:2, Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 7, Mishna Brurah 51:1 say that one should kiss them after Baruch SheAmar.</ref>

# One who forgot Baruch She’amar can say it when he remembers even in middle of Az Yashir, but if he finishes Az Yashir he isn’t allowed to say Baruch She’amar or Yishtabach. Ashkenazim have what to rely on if after the fact they forgot Baruch She’amar that they can still say Yishtabach.  <Ref>Sh”t Yabea Omer 6:5(2-4),Yaskil Avdi O”C 8:42. The Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 4:2 proves from Sefer Pardes Gadol 5 pg 10a, and Rashi quotes by Shibolei Haleket 7 (on [[Shabbat]] 118b), that Yishtabach is compared to the end bracha of hallel and so one can say Baruch She’amar when he remembers since by hallel one can say the bracha on hallel when he remembers (Birkei Yosef 683:1, and Sh”t Kol Gadol 31). S”A 53:2 says one can’t say Yishtabach if he didn’t say Baruch She’amar and some Zemirot. Against S”A, the Pri Megadim says after the fact one who skipped Baruch She’amar can still say Yishtabach, so quotes the Biur Halacha 53 D”H Amar Baruch She’amar.  </ref>