Pesukei DeZimrah: Difference between revisions

# Sephardim should answer only the first five amen’s of a sephardic Kaddish and Ashkenazim the first three amen’s of an Ashkenazic Kaddish. Barich Hu shouldn’t be answered. Amen Yehe Sheme Raba can be answered up to De’amiran Be’alma. <Ref>  Halacha Brurah 51:14 and Piskei Teshuva 51:14 define the part of Kaddish that one can answer as the first five amen’s however, the amen’s of titkabal, yehe shlama, al Yisrael, and oseh shalom shouldn’t be answered based on Magan Avraham 66:36 who says these amen’s aren’t an obligation but a Minhag. So holds the Ben Ish Chai (Vayigash 10, Shemot 6), Kaf Hachaim of Rabbi Chaim Sofer 66:23, Dvar Yehoshua 2:7, and Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:5, 6:8. However there is what to rely on to answer these amen’s as in Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:14, and Sh”t Shoel VeNishal 4:26 that all amen’s can be answered during Pesukei Dezimrah. Concerning answering Amen Yehe Sheme Raba, Mishna Brurah 56:15 holds Ashkenazim should only answer up to U’lmiya, while, Halacha Brurah (Birur Halacha 51:7) quotes Me’at Mayim 19e, Shuiri Tahara 70:44, Minchat Aharon, Ben Ish Chai Shemot 6, Rabbu Eliyahu Mani in Yarchon Hameasef 3:36, Kaf HaChaim of Rabbi Chaim Sofer 56:33, and Sh”t Yabea Omer 1,5(10 and on), and Shulchan Aruch Harav 66:5 who permit one to answer until DeAmiran BeAlma. Concerning the 2nd amen of Kaddish Meorer Yishenim 21, Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:14 say is just a minhag and shouldn’t be said, but Dvar Yehoshua 2:7 in name of Arizal this amen is of great importance, so holds Sh”t Yabea Omer 5:7(3). Concerning answering Barich Hu, Piskei Teshuva 51:14, Yalkut Yosef (Kriyat Shema U’Birchoteha footnote 18 pg 116-7) hold one shouldn’t say Barich Hu in name of Sh”t Levushei Mordechi 2:10, Sh”t Igrot Moshe 2:16, Sh”t Dvar Yeshua 2:7, Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 11:3, Sh”t Az Nidabru 4:37.</ref>

# One can’t answer Baruch Hu U’Baruch Shemo.  <Ref>  Magan Avraham 124:9 says any time one isn’t allow to talk one can’t answer Baruch Hu UBaruch Shemo, so holds Pesukei Dezimrah one can’t answer it, Sh”t Yabea Omer 2:4(6), Sh”t Yechava Daat 4:9, Mishna Brurah 51:8, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 14:1, Chida in Tov Ayin 18:35, Shulchan Aruch HaRav 124:8,Sh”t Zechur Leyitzchak Hareri 7, Pekudat Elazar (beginning of 51), Siddur Bet Ovad (Pesukei Dezimrah 9) Aruch HaShulchan 51:5, Sh”t Afarkasta DeAniya 9, Peni Yitzchak Abulafiya (Brachot 1:43), Sh”t Ish Matzliach 22:2, Sh”t Lechem Shlomo O”C 36 against the Kaf HaChaim 18:13 and Rav Frankel in his comments on Shulchan Aruch 51. </ref>

# One can’t answer the Kedusha of Brachat Yotzer or Uva Letzion.  <Ref>  Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 4:4. There’s a dispute in the rishonim if the kedusha in Yotzer and Uva Lesion is a Dvar Sh’bekedusha. [The following hold it’s a Dvar Shebekedusha: Rav Amram Goan hashalem 1:15 pg 33) in name of Rav Tzemach Goan by Kedushat Uva Lesion and Rav Saadiah Goan by Kedushat Yotzer, Shibolei HaLeket Brachot 13 in name of many Goenim, Piskei Riaz (Megilah 3:3), Sh”t Rashba (1:7,5:9),Rabbenu Avraham Ben HaRambam testifies that his father retracted from his ruling (Tefilah 7:17) and held one can say it privately, while the following hold it can be said by an individual: Ravya 1:2,66, Talmedei Rabbenu Yonah 13a in name of some Geonim, Hagahot Maymonit Tefilah 7:90 in name of Rashi, Sh”t Maharam 143, Mordechai Brachot 69, Rosh (Brachot 3:18, Megilah 3:7), Tur 59, Orchot Chaim (Din Kedusha Meyushav 1), Ritva Megilah 23b. The S”A 59:3 writes that some say an individual can say it and some say not to and one should be concerned for this opinion and say it with the Torah reading tune. The Rama adds that the minhag is to say it as an individual.] Therefore, says the Otzot Yosef, since it remains a matter of safek we don’t interrupt in order to say it, just as the Bet Yosef 56 says in Pesukei Dezimrah one shouldn’t say the entire line of Yehe Sheme Raba because of the dispute. </ref>

# One can’t interrupt for the Vayavor and the 13 midot, [but those who have the Minhag to say it, have what to rely on].  <Ref>  Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 4:4. There’s a dispute in the Rishonim if Vayavor is a Dvar Sh’bekedusha and needs to be said with a minyan. [Siddur of Rav Amram Goan 2 pg 79b, Sh”t Rabbenu Yosef Ibn Magash 193, Siddur of Rashi 545, Machsor Vitri 271, Or Zaruh 2:416, Hagahot Ashuri (end of taanit), Sh”t Mahariv 132, Orchot Chaim (Hilchot Sheni VeChamishi 2) hold it requires a minyan, but the Tur 565 holds it can be said without a minyan. (That is the explanation of the Tur according to Avudraham (siddur tefilat taaniot pg 88a) and Bet Yosef, against the Taz 565:5.)The S”A 131:6 rules that one can’t say it without a minyan unless it’s with the tune.] Therefore, it seems that Vayavor is a Dvar Sh’bekedusha and just like kaddish it could be answered in Pesukei Dezimrah. However, says Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 4:4, because of the opinions that say it’s not a dvar shebekedusha (such as the Tur and Talmedei Rabbenu Yonah) and the opinion that even divrei kedusha can’t be answered in Pesukei Dezimrah (Maharam), as well as the fact that the 13 midot are in the topic of praise but request, and that it may be an obligation but just a minhag the 13 midot are not to be answered in Pesukei Dezimrah.  So holds Sh”t Shevet Halevi 9:1, Sh”t Kinyan Torah 4:9. yet the Mateh Efraim 619:37, Sh”t besel hachochma 5:1, and halichot Shlomo 6:17 in name of Rav Shlomo Zalman Aurbach are lenient. </ref>

== Ashrei ==  

# One needs Kavanah that Hashem provides for all in “Pote’ach Et Yadecha”. If one didn’t have kavanah one should say the pasuk again. If one finished the mizmor one should repeat from Pote’ach until the end, and if one only remembers later, he should say Pote’ach between mizmorim. If one finished all the mizmorim one should have Kavanah in Ashrei after [[Tachanun]] or in Ashrei of Mincha.  <Ref>  S”A 51:7 based on Talmidei Rabbeinu Yonah 23a D”H Kol HaOmer. Orchot Chaim (Tachanot Vemizmorim sh’acher shema esreh 3), Sefer Eshkol (Mehuderet Rav Aurbach 24:53), Birkei Yosef 51:5, Siddur Rav Amram Goan 103 say we Ashrei is said 3 times so that if one didn’t have the first time he can have kavana the next time. However the Levush 51:8 says when one remembers one must repeat the whole mizmor, on which many achronim (Eliyah rabbah 51:6, Magan Avraham 51:6, Pri Megadim A”A 51:6, Mor UKesia, Solet Belula 51:5, Yeshuot Yacov 51:1, Shulchan Aruch Harav 51:8, Birkei Yosef 51:1, Siddur Bet Ovad 51:3 and Kaf Hachaim Sofer 51:32, Halacha Bruah 51:33) disagree based on the Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah that one just repeats Pote’ach. Still, Chaye Adam 18:2 and Mishna Brurah 51:16 hold when one remembers one should repeat from Pote’ach until the end.  The Kaf Hachaim Sofer 51:33 says one shouldn’t interrupt to repeat Pote’ach in Pesukei Dezimrah since one can say it with Kavanah after [[Shemoneh Esrei]] and repeat it there if needed. However many allow one to repeat it even in Pesukei Dezimrah. So holds Ben Ish Chai Vayigash 12 and is implied from many posikim. Therefore Sh”t Yabea Omer 5:6 says one should preferably say it between mizmorim </ref>

# Ashrei is composed of two pesukim “Ashrei Yoshvei” and “Ashrei HaAm” before “Tehilat ledavid” and concludes with “VaAnachnu”  <Ref>  Tur 51 writes of the practice of the introductory pasuk Ashrei from Tosfot Brachot 32b D”H Kodem. The Bach 51 brings the second introductory pasuk of Ashrei against the Rokeach. Magan Avraham 51:7 agrees. Bet Yosef 51 and Rama 51:7 bring the ending verse VaAnachnu.  </ref>

== The Mizmorim==