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Permissible ways to heat up food on Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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Permissible ways to heat up food on Shabbat (view source)
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==General guidelines of Hachzara== | ==General guidelines of Hachzara== | ||
===Returning food to an uncovered fire=== | ===Returning food to an uncovered fire=== | ||
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* Rabbi Muschell ([http://www.star-k.org/kashrus/kk-cooking-ovenshabbos.htm star-k.org]) writes that if the warming drawer reaches above 120 degrees one may not place food in there on [[Shabbat]]. Rather he writes that one may leave food in there from before [[Shabbat]] on a few conditions. If the temperature is adjustable the knob must be covered. If opening the warming drawer is thermostatically controlled one may only open the drawer once on [[Shabbat]], removing everything at one time. Similarly, on another page, the [http://star-k.org/cons-appl-wolf-warmdrawer.htm Star-K] writes that all food should be placed in the drawer before [[Shabbat]] and may not be placed there on [[Shabbat]]. The drawer may be opened only once and so one should remove all food at one time. Additionally, the Star-K writes, that one should cover the knobs and the temperature certainly may not be adjusted on [[Shabbat]].</ref> | * Rabbi Muschell ([http://www.star-k.org/kashrus/kk-cooking-ovenshabbos.htm star-k.org]) writes that if the warming drawer reaches above 120 degrees one may not place food in there on [[Shabbat]]. Rather he writes that one may leave food in there from before [[Shabbat]] on a few conditions. If the temperature is adjustable the knob must be covered. If opening the warming drawer is thermostatically controlled one may only open the drawer once on [[Shabbat]], removing everything at one time. Similarly, on another page, the [http://star-k.org/cons-appl-wolf-warmdrawer.htm Star-K] writes that all food should be placed in the drawer before [[Shabbat]] and may not be placed there on [[Shabbat]]. The drawer may be opened only once and so one should remove all food at one time. Additionally, the Star-K writes, that one should cover the knobs and the temperature certainly may not be adjusted on [[Shabbat]].</ref> | ||
===The opinion of the Ran=== | ===The opinion of the Ran=== | ||
# Some say that if solid food was on the Blech during Bein HaShemashot and was removed on [[Shabbat]], it may be returned to a covered fire on [[Shabbat]] as long as it is fully cooked, while many others reject this leniency. <Ref> | # Some say that if solid food was on the Blech during [[Bein HaShemashot]] and was removed on [[Shabbat]], it may be returned to a covered fire on [[Shabbat]] as long as it is fully cooked, while many others reject this leniency. <Ref> | ||
* The Ran ([[Shabbat]] 17b) infers from the Yerushalmi that if food was on the fire from before [[Shabbat]] and was removed only once [[Shabbat]] began, it may be returned without all of the conditions of [[Hachzara]]. Bet Yosef 253:2 writes that many Rrishonim, including Tosfot, Rosh, and Rambam, disagree with the Ran. Nonetheless, the Rama 253:2 records the minhag to rely on the Ran but advises one to be strict. Mishna Brurah 253:63 explains that this leniency only removes the conditions of intending to return the food and keeping it in one’s hand; the food would still have to be fully cooked and placed on a covered fire. | * The Ran ([[Shabbat]] 17b) infers from the Yerushalmi that if food was on the fire from before [[Shabbat]] and was removed only once [[Shabbat]] began, it may be returned without all of the conditions of [[Hachzara]]. Bet Yosef 253:2 writes that many Rrishonim, including Tosfot, Rosh, and Rambam, disagree with the Ran. Nonetheless, the Rama 253:2 records the minhag to rely on the Ran but advises one to be strict. Mishna Brurah 253:63 explains that this leniency only removes the conditions of intending to return the food and keeping it in one’s hand; the food would still have to be fully cooked and placed on a covered fire. | ||
* Magen Avraham 253:36 writes that besides for the other conditions of [[Hachzara]] it is only permitted to return a solid food to a covered fire if it is not completely cold because otherwise it looks like one is [[cooking]] on [[Shabbat]]. Bei’ur Halacha 253:5 s.v. UBilvad, however, explains that the Gra argues that only liquids need to be warm in order to be returned, but solids may be returned even if they are cold. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 1:20 and Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:31 rule like the Magen Avraham, while Chazon Ovadyah (p. 80) agrees with the Gra. Mishna Brurah 253:67 defends the minhag to some degree. Chazon Ish dissapproves of relying on this leneincy. Rabbi Shimon Eider (Halachos of [[Shabbos]], chap 14, sec F, pg 355) rules that one should not rely on this lenient ruling and writes that the Mishna Brurah's defense wouldn't apply nowadays. | * Magen Avraham 253:36 writes that besides for the other conditions of [[Hachzara]] it is only permitted to return a solid food to a covered fire if it is not completely cold because otherwise it looks like one is [[cooking]] on [[Shabbat]]. Bei’ur Halacha 253:5 s.v. UBilvad, however, explains that the Gra argues that only liquids need to be warm in order to be returned, but solids may be returned even if they are cold. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 1:20 and Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:31 rule like the Magen Avraham, while Chazon Ovadyah (p. 80) agrees with the Gra. Mishna Brurah 253:67 defends the minhag to some degree. Chazon Ish dissapproves of relying on this leneincy. Rabbi Shimon Eider (Halachos of [[Shabbos]], chap 14, sec F, pg 355) rules that one should not rely on this lenient ruling and writes that the Mishna Brurah's defense wouldn't apply nowadays. | ||
