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Pat Akum: Difference between revisions
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# The Geonim allowed bread baked by a non-Jew even if the Jew merely added to the fire by throwing in extra kindling<ref>Sefer Minhagim She-Bein Bavel V'Eretz Yisrael pg. 60, quoted by Tosfos Avodah Zarah 38b and Rosh Avodah Zarah 2:33. This can be explained based on the Rambam Maachalos Asuros 17:13 who writes that really all one needs to do is some perfunctory act to show that ''pas akum'' is generally prohibited.</ref> and the custom is in accordance with this opinion.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 112:9, Chochmas Adom 65:5, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 38:2, Aruch Hashulchan Y.D. 112:26. The Rama Y.D. 113:7, Taz 113:8, and Shach 113:10 say that the Jew doesn't need to have intent to raise the fire in order to have a Jew be involved in the baking, but the Kaf HaChayim Y.D. 112:52 disagrees.</ref> | # The Geonim allowed bread baked by a non-Jew even if the Jew merely added to the fire by throwing in extra kindling<ref>Sefer Minhagim She-Bein Bavel V'Eretz Yisrael pg. 60, quoted by Tosfos Avodah Zarah 38b and Rosh Avodah Zarah 2:33. This can be explained based on the Rambam Maachalos Asuros 17:13 who writes that really all one needs to do is some perfunctory act to show that ''pas akum'' is generally prohibited.</ref> and the custom is in accordance with this opinion.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 112:9, Chochmas Adom 65:5, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 38:2, Aruch Hashulchan Y.D. 112:26. The Rama Y.D. 113:7, Taz 113:8, and Shach 113:10 say that the Jew doesn't need to have intent to raise the fire in order to have a Jew be involved in the baking, but the Kaf HaChayim Y.D. 112:52 disagrees.</ref> | ||
# Poskim disagree about modern cooking appliances, such as glow plugs<ref>Rabbi Moshe Heinemann, and thus the Star-K, considers this device to add significant heat to the ovens, and therefore if a Jew were to turn on a glow plug that runs through the ovens, the food would be permitted (Star-K Kashrus Kurrents 36:2, Spring 2014). However, many poskim do not agree with this assessment, and the OU does not make use of glow plugs.</ref> and pilot lights or light bulbs.<ref>Refer to OU Document A-54</ref> | # Poskim disagree about modern cooking appliances, such as glow plugs<ref>Rabbi Moshe Heinemann, and thus the Star-K, considers this device to add significant heat to the ovens, and therefore if a Jew were to turn on a glow plug that runs through the ovens, the food would be permitted (Star-K Kashrus Kurrents 36:2, Spring 2014). However, many poskim do not agree with this assessment, and the OU does not make use of glow plugs.</ref> and pilot lights or light bulbs.<ref>Refer to OU Document A-54</ref> | ||
# Bread baked by a non-Jew can become Pas Yisrael if a Jew improves it by cooking.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 112:12</ref> Based upon this, many poskim one | # Bread baked by a non-Jew can become Pas Yisrael if a Jew improves it by cooking.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 112:12</ref> Based upon this, many poskim allow one who does not eat Pas Akum to toast bread or bagels which were baked by a non-Jew, because toasting improves its taste.<ref>Rav Moshe Shternbach Teshuvos V’hanhagos I: 444, Rav Belsky as quoted in the OU Halacha Yomis, available at https://oukosher.org/halacha-yomis/ under "If I bought bread that is not Pas Yisroel, is there a way to make it Pas Yisroel?" However, it is noted there that warming up cold bread is not a sufficient form of an improvement as to permit bread that was Pas Akum.</ref> | ||
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