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Order of Taking the Four Minim: Difference between revisions
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Order of Taking the Four Minim (view source)
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# After the fact if one took all four species (before making the Bracha), one may still make the Bracha as long as one didn’t shake it yet.<ref>Tosfot Pesachim 7b s.v. bidna, Rosh Sukka 3:33, Chayei Adam 148:11, Mishna Brurah 651:27, and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 651:14). The Rabbeinu Nissim Sukka 20b "U'Midefarchinan" says that this is permitted even lechatchilah. The Bikkurei Yaakov 651:20 extends it to the entire [[hallel]] and the Aruch Hashulchan 651:14 says that as long as your still holding your [[lulav]] you can still say the beracha. Shaar Hatziyun 651:32 however rejects this opinion. </ref> | # After the fact if one took all four species (before making the Bracha), one may still make the Bracha as long as one didn’t shake it yet.<ref>Tosfot Pesachim 7b s.v. bidna, Rosh Sukka 3:33, Chayei Adam 148:11, Mishna Brurah 651:27, and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 651:14). The Rabbeinu Nissim Sukka 20b "U'Midefarchinan" says that this is permitted even lechatchilah. The Bikkurei Yaakov 651:20 extends it to the entire [[hallel]] and the Aruch Hashulchan 651:14 says that as long as your still holding your [[lulav]] you can still say the beracha. Shaar Hatziyun 651:32 however rejects this opinion. </ref> | ||
===In the Sukkah=== | ===In the Sukkah=== | ||
# Some have the minhag to shake the lulav after reciting the bracha in the Sukkah before praying Shacharit and then additionally to shake the Lulav during Hallel (without repeating the beracha),<ref>This practice is mentioned by the Mishna Brura 652:4</ref> while most recite the beracha in shul after Chazarat Hashatz of Shacharit, before Hallel<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. | # Some have the minhag to shake the lulav after reciting the bracha in the Sukkah before praying Shacharit and then additionally to shake the Lulav during Hallel (without repeating the beracha),<ref>This practice is mentioned by the Mishna Brura 652:4</ref> while most recite the beracha in shul after Chazarat Hashatz of Shacharit, before Hallel.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 644:1</ref> Some specifically prefer that the bracha be made right before the hallel so that there isn’t an interruption between the bracha and the shaking the lulav in the hallel, one of the primary mitzvot of the lulav.<ref>Nefesh Harav p. 217, Rav Tzvi Pesach Frank in Mikraei Kodesh 2:16</ref> Alternatively, some argue that based on the principle of tadir kodem, giving precedence to the common mitzvah, one must daven Shacharit before shaking the lulav.<ref>Shu"t Igrot Moshe OC 4:99 writes that the practice to do so earlier in the Sukkah is only for very unique individuals who are very careful to carry the lulav everywhere. However, generally it is a violation of tadir kodem. Additionally, Teshuvot Vehanagot 5:216 notes that this was the practice of the Rav Velve Soloveitchik to recite the bracha on lulav before Hallel. Similarly, | ||
[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=67781 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Haazinu 5779 min. 6)] explains that his father, Rav Ovadia Yosef, never took the lulav to shake it in the Sukkah. Rav Hershel Schachter (cited in Sukkos Packet for Young Israel of Woodmere 5781 p. 6) records that this was also Rav Soloveitchik's practice to shake the lulav in shul before Hallel.</ref> | |||
==Set up of the Arba Minim== | ==Set up of the Arba Minim== | ||
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##Ashkenazim should switch it, and hold the [[lulav]] in the left hand and [[etrog]] in the right hand. <ref>Rama (quoting the Rosh 3:25 and Rabbeinu Yerucham) 651:3. Rama adds that if a lefty held it as if he were a righty, he is still yotzei. see however, Orchos Rabbeinu 2:pg. 288 that the Steipler who was a lefty and Ashkenazi, followed the Shulchan Aruch and not the Rama's ruling. </ref> | ##Ashkenazim should switch it, and hold the [[lulav]] in the left hand and [[etrog]] in the right hand. <ref>Rama (quoting the Rosh 3:25 and Rabbeinu Yerucham) 651:3. Rama adds that if a lefty held it as if he were a righty, he is still yotzei. see however, Orchos Rabbeinu 2:pg. 288 that the Steipler who was a lefty and Ashkenazi, followed the Shulchan Aruch and not the Rama's ruling. </ref> | ||
#One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | #One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | ||
#It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. <ref>Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva.</ref> It is permitted | #It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. Therefore, one should remove one's ring and even after the fact if one shook with a ring on some say that one has to shake the lulav again without a bracha. <ref>Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva. Mishna Brurah 651:36 quotes some who hold that if one shook the lulav with a ring one should shake it again after removing the ring without a bracha. See Halichot Shlomo p. 224 who seems to hold that a ring isn't a problem since it only covers a minority of the hand and one could hold the lulav even without that area of the hand.</ref> It is permitted to wear a cast or a bandage that you can't remove while shaking the lulav.<ref>Halichot Shlomo p. 224, Chazon Ovadia 417-419 </ref> | ||
# One may not use gloves to hold the lulav. Even after the fact one should shake it again after removing the gloves without a bracha. To avoid concerns of catching COVID one should santize one's hands before and after.<ref>Minchat Asher (Yerach Eytanim Biydan Corona n. 15), Mishna Brurah 651:33</ref> | |||
==Naanuim (Shaking of the Lulav)== | ==Naanuim (Shaking of the Lulav)== | ||
#Sephardim shake the [[lulav]] before [[hallel]] when they first say the | #Sephardim shake the [[lulav]] before [[hallel]] when they first say the bracha and take the [[arba minim]], then in [[hallel]] at the first hodu once, at anna hashem twice, and the second hodu once. <ref>Even though the mishnah in sukka 37b doesn't mention any before [[hallel]], Tosefot there "bihodu" adds that we should shake before also. Shulchan Aruch 651:8 and Chazon Ovadia [[sukkot]] 356 both agree to this.</ref> | ||
#In addition to the times that | #In addition to the times that Sephardim shake, Ashkenazim have the custom that the chazzan shakes in yomru na also, and the congregation shake for all four hodu's that they say after the chazzan says his part. Ashkenazim also shake at both of the final two hodus at the end of [[hallel|hallel.]]<ref>Rama 651:8 and Mishna Brurah 41. </ref> (This is typical of Nusach Ashkenaz, while Nusach Sfard typically did not shake at the first of those two). | ||
#Sephardim and Chasidim shake towards the south, north, east, up, down, west. (If the shul faces east then to your right, left, forward, up, down, backward.) <ref>Chazon Ovadia 352-353 rules like the Arizal against Shulchan Aruch O.C. 651:10 who says to start at east and turn clockwise. </ref> One should turn his body and face the direction to which he is shaking.<ref>Bikkurei Yaakov 651:36 quoting the Ari as well as the Kaf Hachayim 651:96 </ref> | #One should refrain from shaking while mentioning the name of Hashem lest he become distracted while saying His name. <ref>Mishna Brurah 651:37, Kaf Hachayim 651:84, Chazon Ovadia 655 </ref> | ||
#Ashkenazim shake east, south, west, north, up, down. Face forward and shake clockwise <ref>Mishna Brurah 651:47 </ref> You don't have to turn your body to face that direction, you can just shake the [[lulav]] towards that direction while facing forward. <ref>Mishna Brurah 651:37 quoting the Magen Avraham and the Maamar Mordechai. </ref> | |||
# If someone is in a shul that has a minhag to shake in a certain direction he should follow their practice.<ref>Orchot Rabbenu v. 3 p. 91, Chazon Ovadia Sukkah p. 355. Chazon Ovadia quotes all the reasons that it isn't necessary to have one practice in this case but concludes that it is proper to establish one practice for each community.</ref> Some are lenient and don't consider it [[ | === Which direction should he shake the lulav? === | ||
#Sephardim and Chasidim shake towards the south, north, east, up, down, west. (If the shul faces east then to your right, left, forward, up, down, backward.)<ref>Chazon Ovadia 352-353 rules like the Arizal against Shulchan Aruch O.C. 651:10 who says to start at east and turn clockwise. </ref> One should turn his body and face the direction to which he is shaking.<ref>Bikkurei Yaakov 651:36 quoting the Ari as well as the Kaf Hachayim 651:96 </ref> | |||
#Ashkenazim shake east, south, west, north, up, down. Face forward and shake clockwise.<ref>Maharil, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 651:10, Mishna Brurah 651:47. There is a third ordering of directions to shake the lulav that is not common. That is the opinion of Levush 651 that the order is: east, north, west, south, up, down.</ref> You don't have to turn your body to face that direction, you can just shake the [[lulav]] towards that direction while facing forward.<ref>Mishna Brurah 651:37 quoting the Magen Avraham and the Maamar Mordechai. </ref> | |||
# If someone is in a shul that has a minhag to shake in a certain direction he should follow their practice.<ref>Orchot Rabbenu v. 3 p. 91, Chazon Ovadia Sukkah p. 355. Chazon Ovadia quotes all the reasons that it isn't necessary to have one practice in this case but concludes that it is proper to establish one practice for each community.</ref> Some are lenient and don't consider it [[Lo Titgodedu]].<ref>Piskei Teshuvot 651:13 based on Aruch Hashulchan 651:22</ref> | |||
==Borrowing without Permission== | ==Borrowing without Permission== | ||
