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Order of Taking the Four Minim: Difference between revisions
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## If one forgot to tie the 3 minim before Yom Tov it is permitted to bind them with a pre-made lulav ring.<ref>Bikkurei Yacov 651:8</ref> However, it is forbidden to tie a lulav ring on Yom Tov. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ## If one forgot to tie the 3 minim before Yom Tov it is permitted to bind them with a pre-made lulav ring.<ref>Bikkurei Yacov 651:8</ref> However, it is forbidden to tie a lulav ring on Yom Tov. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ||
==How to | ==How to Hold Them== | ||
#We need to hold the [[arba minim]] right side up, "biderech gedeilatan"-the way which they grow. <ref> sukka 45b. Mishna Brurah 652:16 and Chazon Ovadia Hilchot sukka page 340 say you aren't even yotze bidieved. </ref> | [[Image:Rav Mordechai Eliyahu Lulav.jpg|200px|right]] | ||
#We need to hold the [[arba minim]] right side up, "biderech gedeilatan"-the way which they grow. <ref> sukka 45b. Mishna Brurah 652:16 and Chazon Ovadia Hilchot sukka page 340 say you aren't even yotze bidieved. </ref> The species shouldn't be turned downward when shaking in the downward direction, they should always be held upright and the shaking should be towards that direction.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 651:47, Chazon Ovadia p. 341</ref> | |||
# Holding the four species side-wise is incorrect.<ref>Chazon Ovadia p. 341</ref> | |||
# The Etrog should be held together with the other species at the bottom of lulav.<ref>Shaar Hakavaot 103b, Ben Ish Chai (Shana Rishona Haazinu n. 14), Kaf Hachaim 651:48. The [https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjo86Gvo-PdAhVnh-AKHUJeBqUQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tapuz.co.il%2Fblogs%2Fviewentry%2F7357845&psig=AOvVaw0iGAVSyIUH3jMdY6QicO1n&ust=1538415736699429 picture of Rav Mordechai Eliyahu] to the right as well as [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5gFkPxFJf4 this video of Rav Ovadia Yosef (min 1:13)] indicate that this is the correct way to hold the lulav and etrog. However, there is a Chabad minhag to hold the etrog at a slight degree away from the lulav but connected at the bottom (Sefer Haminhagim Chabad p. 66, Piskei Hasiddur dinei lulav fnt. 84).</ref> Most hold that it is fine for the Etrog to be touching the hadasim and aravot and not directly touching the lulav spine.<ref>Nitai Gavriel 54:9 citing the Shaar HaKavanot 103b</ref> | |||
#The minhag is that the spine of the [[lulav]] should be facing towards the person shaking it. <ref> Chazon Ovadia [[Sukkot]] 358, Ben Ish Chai Haazinu 13 against the Eliyah Rabba 650 and the Orchot Chaim 23 quoting the Raavad who say that the spine should be facing away from him </ref> | #The minhag is that the spine of the [[lulav]] should be facing towards the person shaking it. <ref> Chazon Ovadia [[Sukkot]] 358, Ben Ish Chai Haazinu 13 against the Eliyah Rabba 650 and the Orchot Chaim 23 quoting the Raavad who say that the spine should be facing away from him </ref> | ||
# One should hold the [[lulav]] ([[aravot]] and [[hadasim]] included) in the right hand and the [[etrog]] in his left hand. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:2. Mishna Brurah 15 explains that this is because the [[lulav]], [[aravot]], and [[hadasim]] have three parts of the mitzva while the [[etrog]] is only one. </ref> | # One should hold the [[lulav]] ([[aravot]] and [[hadasim]] included) in the right hand and the [[etrog]] in his left hand. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:2. Mishna Brurah 15 explains that this is because the [[lulav]], [[aravot]], and [[hadasim]] have three parts of the mitzva while the [[etrog]] is only one. </ref> | ||
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#One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | #One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | ||
#It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. <ref> Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva.</ref> It is permitted to leave your ring on though or if you get hurt and need to wear a cast or a bandage that you can't remove it you can be lenient. <ref> Halichot Shlomo 224, Chazon Ovadia 417-419 </ref> | #It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. <ref> Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva.</ref> It is permitted to leave your ring on though or if you get hurt and need to wear a cast or a bandage that you can't remove it you can be lenient. <ref> Halichot Shlomo 224, Chazon Ovadia 417-419 </ref> | ||
==Naanuim (Shaking of the Lulav)== | ==Naanuim (Shaking of the Lulav)== | ||
#Sephardim shake the [[lulav]] before [[hallel]] when they first say the beracha and take the [[arba minim]], then in [[hallel]] at the first hodu once, at anna hashem twice, and the second hodu once. <ref> Even though the mishnah in sukka 37b doesn't mention any before [[hallel]], Tosefot there "bihodu" adds that we should shake before also. Shulchan Aruch 651:8 and Chazon Ovadia [[sukkot]] 356 both agree to this.</ref> | #Sephardim shake the [[lulav]] before [[hallel]] when they first say the beracha and take the [[arba minim]], then in [[hallel]] at the first hodu once, at anna hashem twice, and the second hodu once. <ref> Even though the mishnah in sukka 37b doesn't mention any before [[hallel]], Tosefot there "bihodu" adds that we should shake before also. Shulchan Aruch 651:8 and Chazon Ovadia [[sukkot]] 356 both agree to this.</ref> | ||
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#One should refrain from shaking while mentioning the name of Hashem lest he become distracted while saying His name. <ref> Mishna Brurah 651:37, Kaf Hachayim 651:84, Chazon Ovadia 655 </ref> | #One should refrain from shaking while mentioning the name of Hashem lest he become distracted while saying His name. <ref> Mishna Brurah 651:37, Kaf Hachayim 651:84, Chazon Ovadia 655 </ref> | ||
# Some have the minhag to shake the lulav after reciting the bracha in the Sukkah.<Ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=67781 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Haazinu 5779 min. 6)] explains that his father never took the lulav to shake it in the Sukkah.</ref> | # Some have the minhag to shake the lulav after reciting the bracha in the Sukkah.<Ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=67781 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Haazinu 5779 min. 6)] explains that his father never took the lulav to shake it in the Sukkah.</ref> | ||
==Borrowing without Permission== | |||
# One may borrow a lulav and etrog without asking permission. Since it is a mitzva and the risk of damage is low, we can assume that the owner would allow it.<ref>Rama 649:5 based on Terumat Hadeshen 100, Pri Megadim MZ 649:7, Halachos of Other People's Money pg. 66 </ref> However, if the one knows that the owner is meticulous about his, or circumstances dictate that he probably is such as it is meticulously wrapped or put away n a private locker, one should not use it without permission.<Ref>Halachos of Other People's Money pg. 67</ref> This refers to the later days of Sukkot, However, on the first day (or first two outside of Israel) one does not fulfill his obligation with a borrowed lulav, even if it is with permission.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 649:2, Halachos of Other People's Money pg. 67 </ref> | |||
# Even a woman may borrow a lulav without permission, even though she is not obligated to do perform the mitzva, since she is permitted to volunteer.<ref> Halachos of Other People's Money pg. 66, Shu"t Igrot Moshe OC 2:106 </ref> | |||
# One should not borrow an etrog that is on sale, because the seller probably does not want them to be used.<ref>Halachos of Other People's Money pg. 67, Shu"t Igrot Moshe OC 2:107</ref> | |||
==After [[Sukkot]]== | ==After [[Sukkot]]== | ||
#The [[arba minim]] don't retain their holiness after [[sukkot]], but it still should not be treated disrespectfully like being thrown into the garbage. It is permissible though to leave them somewhere even if you know somebody else will throw them in the garbage.<ref> Mishna Brurah 21:6-7. Although the | #The [[arba minim]] don't retain their holiness after [[sukkot]], but it still should not be treated disrespectfully like being thrown into the garbage. It is permissible though to leave them somewhere even if you know somebody else will throw them in the garbage.<ref> Mishna Brurah 21:6-7, [https://www.ou.org/holidays/sukkot/halacha-lmaaseh-on-arba-minim/ OU.org], [https://www.star-k.org/articles/kashrus-kurrents/4476/shaimos-guidelines/ Star-K]. Although the Shulchan Aruch 21:1, is referring to old [[tzitzit]], Mishna Brurah 21:1 extends it to all items used for a mitzva including a lulav. </ref> One who shows extra care by burying articles used for mitzvot, will receive beracha. <ref> Rama 21:1 </ref> | ||
#There are several other customs that people have to do with their [[arba minim]]. <ref> Most of these are based on [[Shabbat]] 117b which says that Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi would make a meal out of the bread used for the eruv, because it was already used for a mitzva. </ref> | #There are several other customs that people have to do with their [[arba minim]]. <ref> Most of these are based on [[Shabbat]] 117b which says that Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi would make a meal out of the bread used for the eruv, because it was already used for a mitzva. </ref> | ||
*Burn the [[lulav]] in the oven baking the matzas. <ref> Rama 664:9 </ref> | *Burn the [[lulav]] in the oven baking the matzas. <ref> Rama 664:9 </ref> | ||
