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Order of Taking the Four Minim: Difference between revisions
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==Who is Obligated== | ==Who is Obligated== | ||
#This mitzva of [[arba minim]] is an obligation on every individual. <ref> sukka 41b. Tosafot there says that since the pasuk says ולקחתם in the plural and not in the singular we know that it is on everyone. </ref> | #This mitzva of [[arba minim]] is an obligation on every individual. <ref> sukka 41b. Tosafot there says that since the pasuk says ולקחתם in the plural and not in the singular we know that it is on everyone. </ref> | ||
#Women are exempt from taking the [[arba minim]] because it is a [[mitzvah aseh shehazman grama]]. They are permitted and even encouraged to but while Ashkenaz women can say the beracha if they choose to do the mitzva, Sephardic women shouldn't say the beracha. <ref> Mishna [[Sukkah]] 28, | #Women are exempt from taking the [[arba minim]] because it is a [[mitzvah aseh shehazman grama]]. They are permitted and even encouraged to but while Ashkenaz women can say the beracha if they choose to do the mitzva, Sephardic women shouldn't say the beracha. <ref> Mishna [[Sukkah]] 28, Shulchan Aruch 640:1. Like the other mitzvot aseh shehazman grama, if she wants to do the mitzva, she is permitted to. Ashkenazim based on Rabbeinu Tam quoted in Kiddushin 31b and [[Rosh Hashana]] 33a hold that women are permitted to say the beracha if they do the mitzva. Sephardim however, hold that they cannot say the beracha based on the Rambam in Hilchot [[Tzitzit]] 3:10 and Shulchan Aruch 17:2 </ref> | ||
#Women do not have to shake the [[lulav]] in all six directions as men do. <ref> Shu"t Rav Pealim 1:12 </ref> | #Women do not have to shake the [[lulav]] in all six directions as men do. <ref> Shu"t Rav Pealim 1:12 </ref> | ||
#The obligation for children begins at the age when they can shake the [[lulav]] on their own. <ref> sukka 42a, Rambam Hilchot sukka 7:19. The Mishna Brurah 657:1 adds even if a child is six years old, the usual age of [[chinuch]], if he cannot shake the [[lulav]] properly, one is not obligated to train him in this mitzva. </ref> When the reach that age, the father has an obligation to buy him a kosher set of [[arba minim]] that will be his own. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 657:1. Beiur Halacha there "kidei lichancho" adds that it must be kosher, and Iggerot Moshe OC 3:95 adds that it should be his own if possible. </ref> | #The obligation for children begins at the age when they can shake the [[lulav]] on their own. <ref> sukka 42a, Rambam Hilchot sukka 7:19. The Mishna Brurah 657:1 adds even if a child is six years old, the usual age of [[chinuch]], if he cannot shake the [[lulav]] properly, one is not obligated to train him in this mitzva. </ref> When the reach that age, the father has an obligation to buy him a kosher set of [[arba minim]] that will be his own. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 657:1. Beiur Halacha there "kidei lichancho" adds that it must be kosher, and Iggerot Moshe OC 3:95 adds that it should be his own if possible. </ref> | ||
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==How to Bind the 4 Minim (Eged)== | ==How to Bind the 4 Minim (Eged)== | ||
# The halacha follows the opinion that it is not necessary to have the Lulav, Hadasim, and Aravot bound up together, however, it is a mitzvah and proper to do so to make the 4 minim look nicer.<ref>Gemara Sukkah 33a cites a dispute between Rabbi Yehuda who holds that there is an obligation to bind the 3 minim together and the Rabbis who hold that it is only preferable in order to make the mitzvah nicer. Rambam (Lulav 7:4) and | # The halacha follows the opinion that it is not necessary to have the Lulav, Hadasim, and Aravot bound up together, however, it is a mitzvah and proper to do so to make the 4 minim look nicer.<ref>Gemara Sukkah 33a cites a dispute between Rabbi Yehuda who holds that there is an obligation to bind the 3 minim together and the Rabbis who hold that it is only preferable in order to make the mitzvah nicer. Rambam (Lulav 7:4) and Shulchan Aruch 651:1 hold like the Rabbis.</ref> | ||
# The Etrog is not tied up with the other 3 minim. It is held in the left hand while the others are held in the right hand.<ref>Rambam (Lulav 7:4), | # The Etrog is not tied up with the other 3 minim. It is held in the left hand while the others are held in the right hand.<ref>Rambam (Lulav 7:4), Shulchan Aruch 651:2, Yalkut Yosef 651:2</ref> | ||
# It is proper to bind the Lulav, Hadasim, and Aravot with a double knot.<Ref> | # It is proper to bind the Lulav, Hadasim, and Aravot with a double knot.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 651:1</ref> The Ashkenazic minhag is to allow using the kashekel's (woven lulav leaf holders) and consider them to be a binding of the 3 minim.<ref>Mishna Brurah 651:8 citing the Agurah BeOhalecha. Bikkurei Yacov 651:8 writes that lulav rings as a binding is the equivalent of using a lulav kashekel. </ref>For Sephardim, it is advised to tie the Lulav, Hadasim, and Aravot and not just use a holder.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 651:3</ref> | ||
# If one forgot and didn't tie them before the holiday, one shouldn't tie them with a knot on Yom Tov.<Ref> | # If one forgot and didn't tie them before the holiday, one shouldn't tie them with a knot on Yom Tov.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 651:1 writes that one may not tie a knot for the purposes of binding the 3 minim. See, the Chida ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=33684&st=&pgnum=37 Moreh BeEtzbah n. 291]) seems to say that there's no issue of making knots with lulav leaves. Kaf HaChaim 651:19 rejects this opinion. Yalkut Yosef 651:6 writes that if one didn't tie it before Yom Tov there's what to rely on to tie it with a double knot on Yom Tov.</ref> Rather one should take a string, wrap them up, and tuck in the end of the string.<ref>Tur and Rama 651:1, Yalkut Yosef 651:6</ref> | ||
## If one didn't do so before Yom Tov, it is permitted to peel off a leaf of the Lulav to hold the minim together with a slip knot or winding them together and tucking in the end.<ref>Kaf HaChaim 651:20</ref> The Ashkenazic minhag is to refrain from doing this except in private and in an abnormal fashion.<ref>Shaarei Teshuva 651:3, Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ## If one didn't do so before Yom Tov, it is permitted to peel off a leaf of the Lulav to hold the minim together with a slip knot or winding them together and tucking in the end.<ref>Kaf HaChaim 651:20</ref> The Ashkenazic minhag is to refrain from doing this except in private and in an abnormal fashion.<ref>Shaarei Teshuva 651:3, Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ||
## If one forgot to tie the 3 minim before Yom Tov it is permitted to bind them with a pre-made lulav ring.<ref>Bikkurei Yacov 651:8</ref> However, it is forbidden to tie a lulav ring on Yom Tov. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ## If one forgot to tie the 3 minim before Yom Tov it is permitted to bind them with a pre-made lulav ring.<ref>Bikkurei Yacov 651:8</ref> However, it is forbidden to tie a lulav ring on Yom Tov. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 651:3</ref> | ||
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# For people who's left hand is the stronger one, | # For people who's left hand is the stronger one, | ||
## Sephardim should hold it as if they were right handed and hold the [[lulav]] in the right and [[etrog]] in the left. <ref> Tur 651, Shulchan Aruch 651:3. See Kaf Hachaim 651:38. </ref> | ## Sephardim should hold it as if they were right handed and hold the [[lulav]] in the right and [[etrog]] in the left. <ref> Tur 651, Shulchan Aruch 651:3. See Kaf Hachaim 651:38. </ref> | ||
## Ashkenazim should switch it, and hold the [[lulav]] in the left hand and [[etrog]] in the right hand. <ref> Rama (quoting the Rosh 3:25 and Rabbeinu Yerucham) 651:3. Rama adds that if a lefty held it as if he were a righty, he is still yotzei. see however, Orchos Rabbeinu 2:pg. 288 that the Steipler who was a lefty and Ashkenazi, followed the | ## Ashkenazim should switch it, and hold the [[lulav]] in the left hand and [[etrog]] in the right hand. <ref> Rama (quoting the Rosh 3:25 and Rabbeinu Yerucham) 651:3. Rama adds that if a lefty held it as if he were a righty, he is still yotzei. see however, Orchos Rabbeinu 2:pg. 288 that the Steipler who was a lefty and Ashkenazi, followed the Shulchan Aruch and not the Rama's ruling. </ref> | ||
#One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | #One should hold the [[arba minim]] against each other both for the holding and for the shaking. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 651:11 </ref> | ||
#It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. <ref> Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva.</ref> It is permitted to leave your ring on though or if you get hurt and need to wear a cast or a bandage that you can't remove it you can be lenient. <ref> Halichot Shlomo 224, Chazon Ovadia 417-419 </ref> | #It is prohibited to have something [[separating]] between your hands and the [[arba minim]]. <ref> Beit Yosef 651 says for those who wear [[tefillin]] during [[chol hamoed]] remove it for the [[arba minim]], although technically they don't have to because it doesn't cover the whole hand. Rama 651:7 paskins like this as well. The bach and the biurei hagra there however, both say that you must remove it because its considered a chatzitza as long as its not for the hiddur mitzva.</ref> It is permitted to leave your ring on though or if you get hurt and need to wear a cast or a bandage that you can't remove it you can be lenient. <ref> Halichot Shlomo 224, Chazon Ovadia 417-419 </ref> | ||
