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Order of Brachot: Difference between revisions
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If one has two foods of the same [[brachos]] chazal established that a person should make the bracha on the halachically important food as will be discussed in this article and exempt the other. Similarly, if one has two or more foods of different [[brachos]] there is an order for which the [[brachos]] should be made. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 124)</ref> | If one has two foods of the same [[brachos]] chazal established that a person should make the bracha on the halachically important food as will be discussed in this article and exempt the other. Similarly, if one has two or more foods of different [[brachos]] there is an order for which the [[brachos]] should be made. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 124)</ref> | ||
==Foods of | ==Foods of Different Brachot== | ||
# If one has two foods of different [[Berachot]], the order of the [[Berachot]] is as follows: [[HaMotzei]], [[Mezonot]] (there’s a dispute whether this includes rice), [[HaGefen]], HaEtz, HaAdama, and [[Shehakol]]. (The acronym to remember this is Maga Esh (מג"ע א"ש).<ref> Mishna Berura 211:35 </ref> This order doesn’t change even if one of the foods is from the Shivat HaMinim or one of the foods is preferred to the person [[making the Beracha]]. According to Sephardim, [[HaGefen]] doesn’t precede olives or dates. <ref> | # If one has two foods of different [[Berachot]], the order of the [[Berachot]] is as follows: [[HaMotzei]], [[Mezonot]] (there’s a dispute whether this includes rice), [[HaGefen]], HaEtz, HaAdama, and [[Shehakol]]. (The acronym to remember this is Maga Esh (מג"ע א"ש).<ref> Mishna Berura 211:35 </ref> This order doesn’t change even if one of the foods is from the Shivat HaMinim or one of the foods is preferred to the person [[making the Beracha]]. According to Sephardim, [[HaGefen]] doesn’t precede olives or dates. <ref> | ||
* Tosfot [[Berachot]] 41a s.v. Aval infers from the Gemara 39a that HaAdama take precedence over [[Shehakol]] because it is more specific. S”A 211:3 rules that [[HaEtz and HaAdama]] precede [[Shehakol]], and some say that HaEtz also precedes HaAdama (the Mishna Brurah 211:18 accepts this as halacha (see #3).) Similarly, Rama 211:4, 5 writes that the order the [[brachot]] which are more specific are [[HaMotzei]], [[Mezonot]], [[HaGefen]] and [[HaGefen]] precedes the other Shivat HaMinim. However, Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah (pg 276-7) and Yalkut Yosef 211:3 rules like the Bet Yosef, that wine does not precede dates or olives, against the Ben Ish Chai (Matot #1), who rules like the Rama. | * Tosfot [[Berachot]] 41a s.v. Aval infers from the Gemara 39a that HaAdama take precedence over [[Shehakol]] because it is more specific. S”A 211:3 rules that [[HaEtz and HaAdama]] precede [[Shehakol]], and some say that HaEtz also precedes HaAdama (the Mishna Brurah 211:18 accepts this as halacha (see #3).) Similarly, Rama 211:4, 5 writes that the order the [[brachot]] which are more specific are [[HaMotzei]], [[Mezonot]], [[HaGefen]] and [[HaGefen]] precedes the other Shivat HaMinim. However, Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah (pg 276-7) and Yalkut Yosef 211:3 rules like the Bet Yosef, that wine does not precede dates or olives, against the Ben Ish Chai (Matot #1), who rules like the Rama. | ||
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# If one made the [[Brachot]] in the wrong order, after the fact, both [[Brachot]] are valid. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 11, pg 182) </ref> | # If one made the [[Brachot]] in the wrong order, after the fact, both [[Brachot]] are valid. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 11, pg 182) </ref> | ||
==Foods of the | ==Foods of the Same Bracha== | ||
# If two foods have the same Bracha, then one should make the Bracha on the food that is: Shevat HaMinim | # If two foods have the same Bracha, then one should make the Bracha on the food that is: from the Shevat HaMinim. if neither is from Shevat HaMinim, then one should make the Bracha on the food that’s complete. If neither is complete, then one should make the Bracha on the preferred food. <Ref> S”A 211:1 brings two opinions; the first opinion (Behag) is that when there’s two foods which have the same Bracha, if one is the Shivat HaMinim, one should make the Bracha on the Shivat HaMinim. However, the second opinion (Rambam) holds that we go by whichever food is more preferred. Mishna Brurah 211:13 writes that it’s implied from S”A that halacha accords with the first opinion which was brought as an anonymous opinion as opposed to the second which was brought as a minority opinion. S”A 168:1 writes that a food bring whole is more significant to being preferable. Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 167-170, chapter 11) brings these three (Shivat Haminim, complete, and preferred) criteria in this order. </ref> | ||
===Types of | ===Types of Bread=== | ||
# If there’s two types of bread (which are both [[Hamotzei]]) the order of precedence depends on the grain with which it was made: 1)wheat 2)barley 3)spelt 4)rye and oats. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172, chapter 11) </ref> | # If there’s two types of bread (which are both [[Hamotzei]]) the order of precedence depends on the grain with which it was made: 1) wheat 2) barley 3 )spelt 4) rye and 5) oats. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
# If both breads are of the same grain, preference is given to the whole roll (as opposed to sliced, broken, or ripped). <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172, chapter 11)</ref> | # If both breads are of the same grain, preference is given to the whole roll (as opposed to sliced, broken, or ripped). <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172, chapter 11)</ref> | ||
# If both breads are of the same grain and both are either whole or both are sliced, precedence is given to better quality bread. If all the above is the same, then the larger bread has precedence. Lastly, if all the above is the same, then the preferred bread has precedence. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172-3, chapter 11) </ref> | # If both breads are of the same grain and both are either whole or both are sliced, precedence is given to better quality bread. If all the above is the same, then the larger bread has precedence. Lastly, if all the above is the same, then the preferred bread has precedence. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 172-3, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
===Shivat HaMinim=== | ===Shivat HaMinim=== | ||
# The order of having the Shivat HaMinim is 1)Olives 2)Dates 3)Grapes 4) Figs 5)Pomegranates. When any of the five grains are cooked into [[mezonot]] dishes they take | # The order of having the Shivat HaMinim is 1)Olives 2)Dates 3)Grapes 4) Figs 5)Pomegranates. When any of the five grains are cooked into [[mezonot]] dishes they take precedence over the Shivat HaMinim because the Bracha of [[Mezonot]] precedes HaEtz. Conversely, if the five grains are eaten raw, the Bracha is HaAdama and it the Shivat HaMinim being HaEtz take precedence to the HaAdama. <ref>S”A 211:4 says that the order of the SHivat haMinim is according to the proximity each food has to the word “Eretz” in the פסוק “ארץ חטה ושערה וגפן ותאנה ורמון ארץ זית שמן ודבש:” (Devarim 8:8). The order is judged by proximity (reading the פסוק in the forward direction) to either word Eretz, and the first Eretz has precedence. Seemingly then the order should be 1)Wheat (first to the first Eretz) 2) Olives (first to the second Eretz) 3) Barley (second to the first Eretz) 4) Dates(second to second Eretz) 5) Grapes (third to first Eretz) 6) Figs (fourth to first Eretz) 7)Pomegranates (fifth to first Eretz). However, the Mishna Brurah 211:25 concludes that barley (when cooked into a dish) precedes olives since [[Mezonot]] always precedes HaEtz. Additionally, S”A 211:5 writes that wheat and barley only take precedence when they are cooked into a [[Mezonot]] dish, as opposed to when they are eaten raw and require HaAdama. Mishna Brurah 211:27 rules that if one does eat wheat or other grains raw, since they are HaAdama it comes after the other Shivat HaMinim which are HaEtz unless the raw grain is one’s personal preference (like any HaAdama and HaEtz). </ref> | ||
# | # When there’s no fruit from the Shevat HaMinim or complete food, then the preferred food is used for the Bracha. This applies if it’s both the food that’s usually and presently preferred. However, if one food is usually more preferred and one that’s presently more preferred, one should make the Bracha on the one that’s regularly more preferred and then immediately have the one that’s presently preferred. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 211:10 </ref> If one usually likes both equally, then the one that’s preferred at the moment takes precedence. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 211:35, Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 170-1, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
===After the fact=== | ===After the fact=== | ||
# If one had two foods with the same Bracha, and one didn’t give priority to the ‘halachically preferred’ food, after the fact, no new Bracha is needed if one later eats the ‘halachically preferred’ food as long as one had that food in mind at the time of the Bracha. If one didn’t have the ‘halachically preferred’ food in mind while making the Bracha and one already finished eating the first food, another Bracha is required on the ‘halachically preferred’ food. <ref> Rama 211:5. Mishna Brurah 211:32 emphasizes that one needs explicit intent to cover the other food as opposed to when you made the Bracha on the correct food. Mishna Brurah 211:32 mentions that according to some achronim if one was still eating the ‘non-halachically preferred’ food, no new Bracha is needed for the ‘halachically preferred’ food. </ref> | # If one had two foods with the same Bracha, and one didn’t give priority to the ‘halachically preferred’ food, after the fact, no new Bracha is needed if one later eats the ‘halachically preferred’ food as long as one had that food in mind at the time of the Bracha. If one didn’t have the ‘halachically preferred’ food in mind while making the Bracha and one already finished eating the first food, another Bracha is required on the ‘halachically preferred’ food. <ref> Rama 211:5. Mishna Brurah 211:32 emphasizes that one needs explicit intent to cover the other food as opposed to when you made the Bracha on the correct food. Mishna Brurah 211:32 mentions that according to some achronim if one was still eating the ‘non-halachically preferred’ food, no new Bracha is needed for the ‘halachically preferred’ food. </ref> | ||
