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Mussaf: Difference between revisions
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The Mussaf prayer is a special prayer for Shabbat, Yom Tov, Chol Hamoed, and Rosh Chodesh and it is said immediately after Shacharit.<ref>Rambam (Tefillah 9:13-4) writes that mussaf of Shabbat, Yom Tov, Chol Hamoed, and Rosh Chodesh is said after shacharit. S"A 286:1 writes this halacha in regards to mussaf of Shabbat. Aruch Hashulchan 89:9 explains that chazal instituted mussaf on any day on which a korban was brought. See Gemara Brachot 26b which says that certainly chazal instituted tefillah in accordance with korbanot because mussaf there is no source for mussaf amongst the prayers of the avot but only in the korbanot.</ref> | |||
==Obligation== | ==Obligation== | ||
# Everyone is obligated to say Mussaf just like all other prayers. <ref> Who is obligated to say Mussaf? There’s a dispute in the Gemara Brachot 30a-b whether an individual is obligated or not and perhaps an individual is obligated but is exempted by the congregation in the city. Tosfot 30b D”H Ein quoting Rabbenu Chananel, Rosh Brachot 4:21, and Rambam (Pirush Mishnayot Brachot 4:7 hold that an individual is obligated in Mussaf and is not exempted by the congregation in the city. This is codified by the Tur and S”A 286:2. </ref> | # Everyone is obligated to say Mussaf just like all other prayers. <ref> Who is obligated to say Mussaf? There’s a dispute in the Gemara Brachot 30a-b whether an individual is obligated or not and perhaps an individual is obligated but is exempted by the congregation in the city. Tosfot 30b D”H Ein quoting Rabbenu Chananel, Rosh Brachot 4:21, and Rambam (Pirush Mishnayot Brachot 4:7 hold that an individual is obligated in Mussaf and is not exempted by the congregation in the city. This is codified by the Tur and S”A 286:2. </ref> | ||
# Women too can pray mussaf. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Shabbat part 2: page 204, Halichos Bas Yisrael volume II page 104. Even though Shut Rabbi Akiva Eiger 9 writes that since Mussaf was established in place of the korban mussaf which was brought by only men and therefore women aren't included in this obligation and Shulchan Aruch rules that women may not recite a beracha on a positive timebound mitzvah, Chacham Ovadia in Chazon Ovadia ibid rules that women may nevertheless recite mussaf since they would receive atonement from the offering of the mussaf just like men. </ref> | # Women too can pray mussaf. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Shabbat part 2: page 204, Halichos Bas Yisrael volume II page 104. Even though Shut Rabbi Akiva Eiger 9 writes that since Mussaf was established in place of the korban mussaf which was brought by only men and therefore women aren't included in this obligation and Shulchan Aruch rules that women may not recite a beracha on a positive timebound mitzvah, Chacham Ovadia in Chazon Ovadia (ibid.) rules that women may nevertheless recite mussaf since they would receive atonement from the offering of the mussaf just like men. Mishna Brurah 106:4 quotes the dispute between the Tzlach saying they're exempt and the Magen Giborim holding they're obligated. </ref> | ||
==Earliest time== | ==Earliest time== | ||
# The earliest time to say Mussaf is [[Olot HaShachar]], however, it should not be said before Shacharit. <Ref>S”A 286:1. | # The earliest time to say Mussaf is [[Olot HaShachar]], however, it should not be said before Shacharit. <Ref>S”A 286:1. | ||
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==Tashlumin (makeup)== | ==Tashlumin (makeup)== | ||
# There is no makeup (Tashlumin) if one forgot to pray or missed the time for Mussaf. <Ref>S”A 108:6 </ref> See also the [[Tashlumin]] page. | # There is no makeup (Tashlumin) if one forgot to pray or missed the time for Mussaf. <Ref>S”A 108:6 and 286:1. Mishna Brurah 286:3 explains that since the Korban mussaf is mentioned in the tefillah of mussaf and there's no makeup for the korban mussaf, there's no makeup for mussaf.</ref> See also the [[Tashlumin]] page. | ||
==If one has the option to pray both [[Mincha]] and mussaf== | ==If one has the option to pray both [[Mincha]] and mussaf== | ||
