3,438
edits
Mussaf: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
no edit summary
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Obligation== | |||
# Everyone is obligated to say Mussaf just like all other prayers. <ref> Who is obligated to say Mussaf? There’s a dispute in the Gemara Brachot 30a-b whether an individual is obligated or not and perhaps an individual is obligated but is exempted by the congregation in the city. Tosfot 30b D”H Ein quoting Rabbenu Chananel, Rosh Brachot 4:21, and Rambam (Pirush Mishnayot Brachot 4:7 hold that an individual is obligated in Mussaf and is not exempted by the congregation in the city. This is codified by the Tur and S”A 286:2. </ref> | # Everyone is obligated to say Mussaf just like all other prayers. <ref> Who is obligated to say Mussaf? There’s a dispute in the Gemara Brachot 30a-b whether an individual is obligated or not and perhaps an individual is obligated but is exempted by the congregation in the city. Tosfot 30b D”H Ein quoting Rabbenu Chananel, Rosh Brachot 4:21, and Rambam (Pirush Mishnayot Brachot 4:7 hold that an individual is obligated in Mussaf and is not exempted by the congregation in the city. This is codified by the Tur and S”A 286:2. </ref> | ||
===Latest time | ==Earliest time== | ||
# The earliest time to say Mussaf is Olot HaShachar, however, it should not be said before Shacharit. <Ref>S”A 286:1. | |||
* Background: What’s the earliest time to say Mussaf? Tosfot 26a D”H Tefillah writes that the earliest time for Mussaf is Olot hashachar just like shacharit and similar to the korban mussaf which could be brought right after the tamid korban. This is also implied by the Gemara Avoda Zara 3b which says that on Rosh Hashana one shouldn’t say mussaf alone in the first three hours of the day implying that the rest of the year one could say it even in the morning. If so, why is mussaf at the end of the Mishna? It’s not tadir like the others. Rabbenu Yonah 19a D”H Tefillat says that even though Mussaf could be said all day it should be said after shacharit (because of the concept of Tadir VeSheino Tadir-the more common takes precedence). The Rosh 4:1 agrees that mussaf could be said all day from the morning.</ref> If one said it before Shacharit one has fulfilled one’s obligation after the fact. <Ref>Rama 286:1 </ref> | |||
==Latest time== | |||
# The latest time to finish Mussaf is the end of the seventh hour, however, if one didn’t say it before the seventh hour one should still say it before the end of the day and even though one is called ‘negligent’ for having delayed praying one still fulfills one’s obligation. <ref> There’s a dispute between Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbanan as to the latest time for Mussaf. Rabbi Yehuda says the latest time is the end of the 7th hour and Rabbanan say one may pray until the end of the day. According to some versions, this can be found in the Mishna on 26a however, it’s certainly a dispute in the Brittah on 27b. The Tosfot 27a D”H Tah Shema says that the version which deletes Rabbi Yehuda from the Mishna is correct and that shows that Rebbe didn’t hold like Rabbi Yehuda. The Rambam (Tefillah 3:5), Tur, and S”A 286:1 hold like Rabbanan that one could pray Mussaf all day. However, in Gemara Brachot 28a, Rabbi Yochanan says someone who prays mussaf after the 7th hour is called negligent for having delayed praying earlier. The Tur 286:1(2) codifies this and says that even though the halacha permits one to pray Mussaf the entire day, one may not delay saying it because the primary time is the first seven hours of the day. S”A 286:1 also rules that one may not delay it past the seventh hour but if one did one is called negligent but still fulfills one’s obligation. The Mishna Brurah 286:2 explains that one shouldn’t delay it past the seventh hour because that is the primary time the korban Mussaf was brought. </ref> | # The latest time to finish Mussaf is the end of the seventh hour, however, if one didn’t say it before the seventh hour one should still say it before the end of the day and even though one is called ‘negligent’ for having delayed praying one still fulfills one’s obligation. <ref> There’s a dispute between Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbanan as to the latest time for Mussaf. Rabbi Yehuda says the latest time is the end of the 7th hour and Rabbanan say one may pray until the end of the day. According to some versions, this can be found in the Mishna on 26a however, it’s certainly a dispute in the Brittah on 27b. The Tosfot 27a D”H Tah Shema says that the version which deletes Rabbi Yehuda from the Mishna is correct and that shows that Rebbe didn’t hold like Rabbi Yehuda. The Rambam (Tefillah 3:5), Tur, and S”A 286:1 hold like Rabbanan that one could pray Mussaf all day. However, in Gemara Brachot 28a, Rabbi Yochanan says someone who prays mussaf after the 7th hour is called negligent for having delayed praying earlier. The Tur 286:1(2) codifies this and says that even though the halacha permits one to pray Mussaf the entire day, one may not delay saying it because the primary time is the first seven hours of the day. S”A 286:1 also rules that one may not delay it past the seventh hour but if one did one is called negligent but still fulfills one’s obligation. The Mishna Brurah 286:2 explains that one shouldn’t delay it past the seventh hour because that is the primary time the korban Mussaf was brought. </ref> | ||
# According to some one should pray mussaf without a minyan before the end of the seventh hour instead of praying with a minyan afterwards, while others argue that praying with a minyan is preferable. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 3:56 quotes Zeh HaShulchan 286:1, Rav Wosner, and Chacham Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who say it’s preferable to pray by oneself early and Rav Elyashiv who says it’s preferable to pray with the minyan. </ref> | # According to some one should pray mussaf without a minyan before the end of the seventh hour instead of praying with a minyan afterwards, while others argue that praying with a minyan is preferable. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 3:56 quotes Zeh HaShulchan 286:1, Rav Wosner, and Chacham Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who say it’s preferable to pray by oneself early and Rav Elyashiv who says it’s preferable to pray with the minyan. </ref> | ||
==Tashlumin (makeup)== | |||
# There is no makeup (Tashlumin) if one forgot to pray or missed the time for Mussaf. <Ref>S”A 108:6 </ref> | |||
==If one has the option to pray both mincha and mussaf== | ==If one has the option to pray both mincha and mussaf== | ||
