Mussaf: Difference between revisions

# If there’s not enough time in the day to say both [[Mincha]] and Mussaf according to some one should say [[Mincha]], while according to others one should say Mussaf <Ref>The Magan Avraham 286:3 writes that if one is very close to the end of the day and there’s only time to pray either [[Mincha]] or Mussaf one should say Mussaf since there’s [[Tashlumin]] for [[Mincha]] but not for Mussaf. Kaf HaChaim 286:36 holds like the Magan Avrham. However, the Dagul Mirvavah (on Magan Avraham 286:3) argues that the Yerushalmi explicitly writes that certainly the opinion of Rabbanan to say [[Mincha]] first applies when there’s not enough time in the day to say both however if there’s enough time to say both it’s unclear that the Rabbanan ever said their opinion. Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger (also on the Magan Avraham) tries to defend the Magan Avraham by saying that perhaps the Yerushalmi was speaking about a case where there was no option of [[Tashlumin]] such as if a person intentionally didn’t pray until that time or if one was an [[onen]] (first day mourner) and in that case the Magan Avraham’s logic doesn’t apply. The Mishna Brurah 286:13 quotes this dispute. [It seems that the Mishna Brurah sides with the Magan Avraham because he writes it as the anonymous first opinion and even adds that Rabbi Akiva Eiger defends it.] Yalkut Yosef ([[Tefillah]] vol 1 pg 551) rules like the Magan Avraham. </ref> unless one intentionally didn’t pray until that time in which case everyone agrees that one should pray [[Mincha]]. <Ref>Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger on Magan Avraham 286:3 </ref>

# Some say that one only has to pray [[Mincha]] before Mussaf if one plans on praying both [[prayers]] now however if one plans on saying [[Mincha]] later then one may say Mussaf first <Ref> Tosfot ([[Brachot]] 28a s.v. Halacha) quotes the Ri who says that one only has to pray [[Mincha]] before Mussaf if one plans on praying both at this time however if one plans to say [[Mincha]] later one may pray Mussaf now. However, the anonymous first opinion of Tosfot argues. The Rashba sides with the Ri (and infers it from the language of the Gemara) and quotes the Teshuvat Goanim which also agrees. The Rabbenu Yonah ([[Brachot]] 19a s.v. VeYesh) comes up with this same idea on his own. The Tur 286:3 quotes it as a dispute but then writes that the Rosh would pray by himself and leave the [[minyan]] in order to pray mussaf before the time for [[Mincha]] comes. The Bet Yosef 286:4 quotes all the above rishonim who hold like the Ri. The S”A 286:4 writes the simple halacha that [[Mincha]] precedes mussaf and then quotes the opinion of the Ri (implying that the halacha doesn’t follow the Ri). </ref>, however, past nine and half hours one should always say [[Mincha]] first even if one plans to say it later. <Ref>The Rabbenu Yonah 19a s.v. VeYesh writes that the Bavli holds that once the earliest [[time for Mincha]] (six and a half hours) arrives one should say [[Mincha]] before Mussaf against the Yerushalmi which says that only after nine and half hours does [[Mincha]] precede Mussaf. Then the Rabbenu Yonah continues to say the distinction of the Ri and concludes that even according to that idea once nine and half hours passes one must say [[Mincha]] first like the Yerushalmi (even though we don’t hold the Yerushalmi for the basic halacha). The Rosh ([[Brachot]] 4:8) also quotes the Yerushalmi. The Rama 286:4 rules like the Rabbenu Yonah. </ref>  

# Some say that if the situation arises that a congregation must pray [[Mincha]] and Mussaf (past sixth and a half hours) that one should pray Mussaf first so as not to confuse the people and make them think that in general [[Mincha]] precedes Mussaf. <Ref>The Rambam [[Tefillah]] 3:11 writes that there is an opinion who says that only an individual should say [[Mincha]] and then Mussaf however a congregation should say Mussaf first so as not to confuse the people. This is quoted in the Tur and S”A 286:4 as a individual opinion (implying that it is not followed as the basic halacha). However, the Kaf HaChaim 286:37 writes that if this case happens one may rely on the combination of the Ri and Rambam (and Arizal who holds that Kabbalistically it’s always better to pray Mussaf first) the congregation should say Mussaf first even if it’s past nine and a half hours. </ref>  

# If one unintentionally missed [[Shacharit]] of [[Shabbat]] one must say [[Tashlumin]] at [[Mincha]]. If one is in the situation where he has the [[obligation to pray]] [[Mincha]], Mussaf and [[Tashlumin]] for [[Shacharit]] one should say it in that order, first [[Mincha]], then Mussaf, and then [[Tashlumin]] for [[Shacharit]]. <Ref> Yalkut Yosef ([[Tefillah]] vol 1 pg 551, Kitzur S”A 286:14) </ref>