Motzei Matzah: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Matzah.jpg|thumb|right|''Three handmade Matzahs'' ]] | [[File:Matzah.jpg|thumb|right|''Three handmade Matzahs'' ]] | ||
==How to make the Brachot== | ==How to make the Brachot== | ||
# One should take the Matzahs the whole one on bottom the broken one in middle and another whole one on top and make the Bracha of [[HaMotzei]]. Then one should drop the bottom [[matzah]] which is whole and make the Bracha of Al Achilat [[Matzah]]. <Ref>S”A 475:1, Mishna Brurah 475:2 </ref> | # One should take the Matzahs, the whole one on bottom, the broken one in middle, and another whole one on top, and make the Bracha of [[HaMotzei]]. Then one should drop the bottom [[matzah]] which is whole and make the Bracha of Al Achilat [[Matzah]]. <Ref>S”A 475:1, Mishna Brurah 475:2. Mishna Brurah (475:2) explains that the reason we take three matzot for hamotzei is because we are trying to satisfy two different approaches. The two whole matzot serve as lechem mishneh, the requirement of having two whole loaves of bread on Shabbat or Yom Tov. The third matzah, or the broken piece of matzah, represents the poor man who does not have a complete piece of matzah. In developing this further, the Shulchan Arukh HaRav (475:4-5) explains that for al akhilat matzah one should place the bottom matzah down since al akhilat matzah applies to the top matzah or the middle broken piece.</ref> | ||
# Then one should break off a piece from the top and middle Matzahs to have a [[Kezayit]] from each. < | # Then one should break off a piece from the top and middle Matzahs to have a [[Kezayit]] from each. <ref>S”A 475:1. Mishna Brurah (475:9) explains that one needs to eat a k'zayit from both the whole matzah as well as the broken one because some argue that the berakhah of al akhilat matzah applies to each of these matzot. Accordingly, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomoh ch. 9, n. 40) writes that if the three matzot that the head of the household is using does not suffice for everyone to have two kezaytim, each person should just have a piece from the top matzah and then supplement it by eating other available matzah up to the necessary k'zayit. He explained that according to Mishna Brurah, if one isn’t eating from the head of the household’s matzot, there exists no doubt as to which matzah the berakhah of al akhilat matzah applies. Alternatively, Rav Hershel Schachter (Eretz HaTzvi p. 40-1) explains that the reason to require two kezaytim of matzah is to satisfy a) the mitzvah of matzah, b) the mitzvah of seudat yom tov. </ref> The best way to do that is to eat both pieces simultaneously. If one is not able to eat both together, one should eat the piece from the top [[Matza]] first <ref>S”A HaRav 475:6-7 </ref> | ||
==Leaning while eating the Matzah== | ==Leaning while eating the Matzah== | ||
# The [[matzah]] should be eaten while leaning. <Ref>S”A 475:1 </ref> | # The [[matzah]] should be eaten while leaning. <Ref>S”A 475:1 </ref> | ||
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# The Sephardic minhag is to dip the [[matzah]] in salt and the Ashkenazic minhag is not to dip the [[matzah]] in salt. <Ref>S”A and Rama 475:1, Mishna Brurah 475:4 explains that Ashkenazim don’t dip the [[matzah]] in salt so that the [[matzah]] can be seen as poor man’s bread.</ref> | # The Sephardic minhag is to dip the [[matzah]] in salt and the Ashkenazic minhag is not to dip the [[matzah]] in salt. <Ref>S”A and Rama 475:1, Mishna Brurah 475:4 explains that Ashkenazim don’t dip the [[matzah]] in salt so that the [[matzah]] can be seen as poor man’s bread.</ref> | ||
==Measuring a Kezayit== | ==Measuring a Kezayit== | ||
# Most permit measuring the required amounts for the Mitzvah of eating [[Matzah]]. <Ref>Shemirat | # Most permit measuring the required amounts for the Mitzvah of eating [[Matzah]]. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:40 (also in Halichot Shlomo 9:7), Petach Dvir 306:7 </ref>Some are strict to require one to measure before [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Natai Gavriel (vol 2, 90:30) quoting S”A HaRav </ref> | ||
==How much Matzah should one have?== | ==How much Matzah should one have?== | ||
# See the [[Required Amount of Matzah and Wine for the Seder]] page. | # See the [[Required Amount of Matzah and Wine for the Seder]] page. | ||
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# For someone who can't eat the appropriate amount of [[Matzah]] according to Ashkenazim, should have at least 17 cc (which is 9 rows on a machine [[matzah]]). <ref> Halichot Shlomo (pg 214 note 55) </ref> | # For someone who can't eat the appropriate amount of [[Matzah]] according to Ashkenazim, should have at least 17 cc (which is 9 rows on a machine [[matzah]]). <ref> Halichot Shlomo (pg 214 note 55) </ref> | ||
# For someone who it’s difficult to eat that much [[Matzah]] one may dip the [[matzah]] in water for a second and then eat it. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (pg 282 note 274), Chaye Adam 129:2 </ref> | # For someone who it’s difficult to eat that much [[Matzah]] one may dip the [[matzah]] in water for a second and then eat it. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (pg 282 note 274), Chaye Adam 129:2 </ref> | ||
# Matzah soaked in water is fit to exempt one's obligation after the fact. Some say that if the matzah is soaked any liquid other than water it is invalid for matzah mitzvah, while others disagree.<ref>Magen Avraham 461:7 writes that if the matzah was soaked in any juice or tasty liquid it would invalidate the matzah since it would give it a taste and the matzah needs to taste like matzah (Brachot 38b). However, Rav Chaim Soloveitchik in his notes on Pesachim 41a disagreed. He held that if the matzah had a taste it is still considered matzah mitzvah as long as it wasn't cooked. Nonetheless, in order to have the taste of the matzah linger in one's mouth at the end of the night one would need to eat a bit of non-soaked matzah afterwards.</ref> | |||
==How to eat it== | ==How to eat it== | ||
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==Machine Matzah== | ==Machine Matzah== | ||
# Many poskim permit eating machine [[matzah]] to fulfill the mitzvah of eating [[Matzah]] at the seders, if the [[matzah]] was made with intent to be used for the mitzvah of [[Matzah]]. <ref> Rav Schachter on [http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5770 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5770] between minutes 75:15 and 81:00. In a shiur on [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/774103/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Innovation_and_Halakha:_Machine_vs._Hand_Shmurah_Matzah yutorah.org], Rav Schachter discussed the issues of Machine [[Matzah]] at length. The major | # Many poskim permit eating machine [[matzah]] to fulfill the mitzvah of eating [[Matzah]] at the seders, if the [[matzah]] was made with intent to be used for the mitzvah of [[Matzah]]. <ref> Rav Schachter on [http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5770 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5770] between minutes 75:15 and 81:00. In a shiur on [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/774103/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Innovation_and_Halakha:_Machine_vs._Hand_Shmurah_Matzah yutorah.org], Rav Schachter discussed the issues of Machine [[Matzah]] at length. The major issue was whether the pressing of the button to start the machine is considered enough of an action of a person to consider the [[matzah]] to be baked lishma. He concluded that it many poskim consider it to be acceptable Shemurah [[Matzah]]. He also quotes Rav Soloveitchik saying that he found machine matzot to be preferable for the mitzvah of eating [[matzah]] at the [[seder]]. Bikvei Hatzoan he shows this point from the Gra YD 3. (See Maharsham 2:16 who quotes those who are lenient.) Haggadah of the Roshei Yeshivah (pg 2) records the practice of Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer to eat machine [[matzah]] for the [[seder]]. See Hakira v. 25 p. 31 fnt. 57 quotes that Rav Moshe Soloveitchik held that machine matzah was as good if not better than hand made matzah and he would give it to his children for the seder, though he himself had hand made matzah for the seder. He explained that there's no minhag to eat hand made matzah since you can't have a minhag that isn't based on any halachic factor.</ref> | ||
# There’s no difference in preference in having whole wheat or white flour [[matzah]]. <Ref> Rav Schachter on [http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5771 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5771] between minutes 101 and 101:30 </ref> | # There’s no difference in preference in having whole wheat or white flour [[matzah]]. <Ref> Rav Schachter on [http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5771 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5771] between minutes 101 and 101:30 </ref> | ||
# Sephardim hold that one should have hand baked matzah for the seder.<Ref>Yacheve Daat 1:14 writes that since it is a major dispute if the Jew who presses the button to bake the matzot is considered lishma one should avoid the question for the mitzvah deoritta of matzah. Yalkut Yosef 475:32 concurs. See Yabia Omer YD 4:20:9 who references this idea as well. With respect to the concern that a crumb of chametz was mixed into the machine matzah's, Yachava Daat 1:14 writes that they would be nullified and remain nullified on Pesach. Yalkut Yosef (Pesach 5771 447:11) agrees.</ref> | |||
# One should certainly buy matzot baked before Pesach and not on Pesach itself.<ref>Tur end of OC 458 writes that one should bake one's matzot before pesach in case there's any crumbs of chametz mixed in they would be nullified and permitted on Pesach. He is in line with his own opinion in Tur OC 447 that once chametz is nullified in food before pesach it remains nullified. Yabia Omer O.C. 2:23 applies this to machine matzot that might have a crumb of chametz mixed in but was nullified before pesach. He shows that the minhag is like the opinion of Shulchan Aruch that there's no chozer vneer by chametz before pesach.</ref> | |||
==Baking Matzah== | |||
# There was an old minhag to make sure to bake the matzah after [[chatzot]], midday, on Erev Pesach.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 458:1. Chok Natan 458:1 writes that the time for Pesach is according to the Bach only 6.5 hours into the day and according to the Magen Avraham after 6 hours into the day. The Magen Avraham cites Tosfot Pesachim 5a, Yoma 28a, and Niddah 63b as proofs. Chok Natan rejects these proofs and supports the Bach from the Roke'ach 280, Mordechai Pesachim n. 533, and Shibolei Haleket 213.</ref> | |||
==Egg Matzah== | ==Egg Matzah== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim one should not eat egg [[matzah]] on [[Pesach]] unless one is ill or weak. However, according to Sephardim it's permissible to eat but one can not eat it for the mitzvah of [[Matzah]] at [[the Seder]], however it's praiseworthy to avoid it. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipID=2121 Daily Halacha by Rabbi Mansour]. Kitzur | # One does not fulfill one's mitzvah of the night of the seder with egg matzah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 462:1. See Rambam Chametz Umatza 6:6</ref> | ||
# According to Ashkenazim one should not eat egg [[matzah]] on [[Pesach]] unless one is ill or weak. However, according to Sephardim it's permissible to eat but one can not eat it for the mitzvah of [[Matzah]] at [[the Seder]], however it's praiseworthy to avoid it. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipID=2121 Daily Halacha by Rabbi Mansour]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 117:6 writes that the elderly and sick may eat [[Matzah]] Ashirah which is made from fruit juice, eggs, milk, or wine as long as no water was added. However, if there's not such a great need one shouldn't bake [[Matzah]] Ashirah. </ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Holidays]] | |||
[[Category:Pesach]] | |||
[[Category:Seder]] | [[Category:Seder]] | ||
