Moroccan Halacha: Difference between revisions
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==History== | ==History== | ||
===Toshavim and Megorashim=== | ===Toshavim and Megorashim=== | ||
The Jewish community of Morocco traces back to the early Rishonim to the time of the [Rif], when Torah flourished, and potentially well before then, as well. However, | The Jewish community of Morocco traces back to the early Rishonim to the time of the [[Rif]], when Torah flourished, and potentially well before then, as well. However, the community was decimated by the Almohad Caliphate, along with the rest of the North African community. Centuries later, many of those expelled from Spain in 1492, known as "Megorashim," mainly from the Kingdom of Castile, arrived in the North African Crescent and settled primarily in Fez and started a new chapter in the history of Moroccan Jewry.<Ref>This entire section is based on Magen Avot (Orach Chaim, Mevo LeMinhagei HaMa'arav, pp. 41-48) by Rav Mordechai Lebhar</ref> | ||
The Megorashim attempted to reestablish themselves along the same lines of Minhagim practiced in Castile, but conflict arose between the Megorashim and the natives, known as the "Toshavim," who were not interested in following the customs of the Megorashim. The main issue was regarding the lenient view of the Megorashim on | The Megorashim attempted to reestablish themselves along the same lines of Minhagim practiced in Castile, but conflict arose between the Megorashim and the natives, known as the "Toshavim," who were not interested in following the customs of the Megorashim. The main initial issue was regarding the lenient view of the Megorashim on how to check the lungs of an animal after [[Shechitah]], to which the Toshavim were opposed based on their own preexisting custom. Nevertheless, eventually, the Megorashim outnumbered the natives and the customs of the Megorashim were adopted in all but one synagogue, Siddurim of the Megorashim were printed, and rabbinic families of Megorashim made a deep impact on the people as they took the leadership. Thus, the Castillian customs spread throughout Morocco, and many of their enactments and rulings are still in practice today, such as the text of the [[Ketubah]] and reciting a Beracha on [[Hallel]] on [[Rosh Chodesh]]. | ||
The customs of the Megorashim spread throughout the environs of Fez, including Meknes, Tangier, Tetouan, Sale, and Rabat, but the | The customs of the Megorashim spread throughout the environs of Fez, including Meknes, Tangier, Tetouan, Sale, and Rabat, but the communities that were more to the south and in the Atlas Mountains did not fully take on those customs. Therefore, there are differences until today between the customs of those communities. The influence of Chachmei Catsile spread throughout North Africa, Israel, Turkey, and Greece and other countries, as well, which accounts for commonalities in Minhagim between those places and Morocco.<ref>For example, reciting a Beracha on Hallel on Rosh Chodesh, on Hadlakat Nerot Shabbat after lighting, and Baruch Hu uVaruch Shemo in middle of a beracha that one wants to fulfill an obligation with.</ref> | ||
Along with their customs, the Megorashim brought their fidelity to the [[Rosh]] with them to Morocco, which, thereby, greatly influenced Moroccan traditions. Although the [[Rambam]]'s views were also noticeably present, they were not accepted to the same extent as the Rosh's. | Along with their customs, the Megorashim brought their fidelity to the [[Rosh]] with them to Morocco, which, thereby, greatly influenced Moroccan traditions. Although the [[Rambam]]'s views were also noticeably present, they were not accepted to the same extent as the Rosh's. | ||
