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[[Erasing on Shabbat]] is one of the 39 primary melachot of [[Shabbat]].<ref> Mishna [[Shabbat]] 7:2, Daf 73a. Rashi 73a writes that [[erasing]] is a melacha because the numbers written on the boards were sometimes erased when a board was improperly marked </ref> The topic of [[writing on Shabbat]] is dealt with on | [[Erasing on Shabbat]] is one of the 39 primary melachot of [[Shabbat]].<ref> Mishna [[Shabbat]] 7:2, Daf 73a. Rashi 73a writes that [[erasing]] is a melacha because the numbers written on the boards were sometimes erased when a board was improperly marked see also Rosh (7:9) </ref> The topic of [[writing on Shabbat]] is dealt with on its own page. | ||
==Definition== | |||
# The Gemara 75b tells us that if someone erases one letter and there’s room for two letters to be drawn in its place he is chayav<ref> As opposed to if you only write only letter big enough that two letters could fill its place you are patur, the gemara says this is where we see a chumra by mechika that doesn’t exist by koseiv. </ref> | |||
# The Pri Megadim raises the suggestion that even though we know that the shiur in order to be chayav for mecheika is two letters still if one were to erase one letter from a sefer that was written in error in order to fix it you would be chayav for mechika because that erasure is instrumental in order to complete the sefer correctly.<ref> Mishbesos Zahav 340:1 based on a Yerushalmi and a Rambam.</ref> The Minchas Chinuch suggests that, according to the Rambam, that you are chayav when it is on condition to be constructive one who removes a tattoo on Shabbos would be chayav because it is a tikun.<ref> Moseich HaShabbos: Mocheik, Os 4 </ref> | |||
==Toladot== | |||
# The Rambam Shabbos 11:17 writes that a toldah of mocheik would be if one erases a marking, roshem, in order to fix it. The Rosh Shabbos 7:9 however quotes a tosefta and explains it as saying that the fundamental principle to transgress mocheik is the “machshava for ksiva,” for the intent to write, and therefore one would be chayav even for erasing a blur splotch on a page. | |||
==Letters on a Cake== | ==Letters on a Cake== | ||
# Many poskim permit eating cake that has writing on it but forbid breaking the letters when cutting the cake, while others permit breaking the letters as well. <Ref> The Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 369) cites the Maharam as ruling that on [[Yom Tov]], it is rabbinically forbidden to eat cake that has letters written on it. He explains that it only is a rabbinic prohibition because one is [[erasing]] without intending to write in the place where he just erased. This is codified in the context of [[Shabbat]] by the Rama (O.C. 340:3). | # Many poskim permit eating cake that has writing on it but forbid breaking the letters when cutting the cake, while others permit breaking the letters as well. <Ref> The Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 369) cites the Maharam as ruling that on [[Yom Tov]], it is rabbinically forbidden to eat cake that has letters written on it. He explains that it only is a rabbinic prohibition because one is [[erasing]] without intending to write in the place where he just erased. This is codified in the context of [[Shabbat]] by the Rama (O.C. 340:3). | ||
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* Kitzur S”A 80:63 and Aruch HaShulchan 340:23 are lenient, while the Mishna Brurah 340:17, Chazon Ish 61:1, and Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 11:7 permit only breaking the letters in one’s mouth, not cutting them with one’s hands prior to eating. Rabbi Zvi Sobolofsky ([http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/718778/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/_Hilchos_Shabbos_Series_Mocheik_-_Removing_Letterss_from_a_cake “Hilchos [[Shabbos]] Series Mocheik Removing Letters from a cake”] min 15-6) states that the minhag to be strict for the Rama is only a chumra. | * Kitzur S”A 80:63 and Aruch HaShulchan 340:23 are lenient, while the Mishna Brurah 340:17, Chazon Ish 61:1, and Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 11:7 permit only breaking the letters in one’s mouth, not cutting them with one’s hands prior to eating. Rabbi Zvi Sobolofsky ([http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/718778/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/_Hilchos_Shabbos_Series_Mocheik_-_Removing_Letterss_from_a_cake “Hilchos [[Shabbos]] Series Mocheik Removing Letters from a cake”] min 15-6) states that the minhag to be strict for the Rama is only a chumra. | ||
* See further: Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 11:20, Sh”t Beir Moshe 6:92, Sh”t Az Nidabru 10:8, Sh”t Vayeshev Moshe 1:4 </ref> Sephardim may be lenient. <ref> Sh"t Or Litzion 2:40, Sh”t Yabia Omer O”C 4:38, [https://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=12/24/2006 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> | * See further: Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 11:20, Sh”t Beir Moshe 6:92, Sh”t Az Nidabru 10:8, Sh”t Vayeshev Moshe 1:4 </ref> Sephardim may be lenient. <ref> Sh"t Or Litzion 2:40, Sh”t Yabia Omer O”C 4:38, [https://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=12/24/2006 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> | ||
# Even for those who are strict it is permitted to cut between letters even if that destroys the word, <ref> Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach in Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 9: footnote 38 </ref> if the letters are baked into the cake itself <ref> Mishna | # Even for those who are strict it is permitted to cut between letters even if that destroys the word, <ref> Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach in Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 9: footnote 38 </ref> if the letters are baked into the cake itself <ref> Mishna Brurah 340:15, Sh"t Har Tzvi 214, Sh"t Or Litzion 2:40 </ref>, or if the cake was cut before [[Shabbat]] and one simply wants to separate the pieces. <ref> Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach in Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 11: footnote 30 </ref> | ||
==Letters on a Package== | ==Letters on a Package== | ||
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==Writing on the Side of Books== | ==Writing on the Side of Books== | ||
{{Writing on the Side of Books}} | {{Writing on the Side of Books}} | ||
==Links== | |||
# Article on [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/744821/Rabbi_Josh_Flug/The_Melacha_of_Erasing_on_Shabbat The Melacha of Erasing on Shabbat] by Rabbi Josh Flug | |||
# [http://www.kolhalashon.com/New/Media/PlayShiur.aspx?FileName=0272-20070515-172347-shabbat-Mochek-erasing.mp3&English=True&ShiurNum=23 Mochek-Erasing] by Rav Nissan Kaplan | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Orach Chaim]] | |||
[[Category:Shabbat]] | [[Category:Shabbat]] | ||
