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Mitzvah to Daven: Difference between revisions
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# Some early authorities consider the mitzvah to pray as a biblical Mitzvah based on the | # Some early authorities consider the mitzvah to pray as a biblical Mitzvah based on the pasuk “ועבדתם בכל לבבכם” which Chazal explain as a reference to the service of the heart. <Ref>Rambam Tefillah 1:1. The Chazal can be found in Tanit 2a. </ref> However, many early authorities argue that the entire obligation is rabbinic. <Ref>Ramban (ספר המצות), Mishna Brurah 106:4 </ref> | ||
==Gentiles== | ==Gentiles== | ||
# Gentiles are not obligated in Tefillah but if they do pray they fulfill a mitzvah like a person who isn’t commanded but volunteers. <Ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe 2:25 </ref> | # Gentiles are not obligated in Tefillah but if they do pray they fulfill a mitzvah like a person who isn’t commanded but volunteers. <Ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe 2:25 </ref> | ||
==Women== | ==Women== | ||
# Women are obligated in saying [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit and Mincha. <Ref>S”A 106:1, Mishna Brurah 106:4. See also Sh”t Yechava Daat 3:7 who writes that women are obligated in one [[Shemoneh Esrei]] a day but if they say three a day it’s praiseworthy. Tefillah KeHilchata (chapter 1 note 17) quotes Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who says that women are obligated in all Tefillot except Arvit. </ref> It’s proper that women accept the yoke of heaven by saying | # Women are obligated in saying [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit and Mincha. <Ref>S”A 106:1, Mishna Brurah 106:4. See also Sh”t Yechava Daat 3:7 who writes that women are obligated in one [[Shemoneh Esrei]] a day but if they say three a day it’s praiseworthy. Tefillah KeHilchata (chapter 1 note 17) quotes Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who says that women are obligated in all Tefillot except Arvit. </ref> It’s proper that women accept the yoke of heaven by saying at least the first pasuk of Shema. <Ref>S”A and Rama 70:1, Mishna Brurah 70:5 </ref> | ||
# Women aren’t obligated in Arvit and if one wants to say it one should specify that it is done Bli Neder (so that it’s not binding after 3 times of performing it). <ref>Mishna Brurah 106:4, Tefillah KeHilchata 1:11. [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/703731/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Women_at_Prayer Rabbi Hershel Schachter] in a shiur on yutorah.org ("Women at Prayer", min 10-16) agrees and explained that women aren't obligated to say Mariv since according to the gemara, Mariv is optional and although men have accepted it upon themselves to say Mariv, making it an obligation for them, this minhag didn't include women. </ref> | |||
# Many poskim hold that women are exempt from saying mussaf.<ref> [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/703731/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Women_at_Prayer Rabbi Hershel Schachter] in a shiur on yutorah.org ("Women at Prayer", min 10-16) explained that the reason to exempt women is that mussaf isn't about asking for mercy which is the basis for women's obligation to pray (Gemara Brachot 20b). Additionally, Mussaf was instituted because of the korbanot mussaf and women weren't obligated to donated the Machasit HaShekel which was used for communal korbanot such as the mussaf korbanot. </ref> | |||
# A woman who is unable to say [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit should at least say a short prayer which includes praise, a request, and a thanks of Hashem. <ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 1:10 based on Magan Avraham 106:2 </ref> | # A woman who is unable to say [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit should at least say a short prayer which includes praise, a request, and a thanks of Hashem. <ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 1:10 based on Magan Avraham 106:2 </ref> | ||
# A woman who has limited time for Shacharit should say parts of Tefillah according to the order of importance: 1)[[Shemoneh Esrei]] 2)first פסוק of Shemaand Emet VeYatsiv before [[Shemoneh Esrei]] 3) Baruch SheAmar, Ashrei, and Yishtabach, 4) Birchot HaShachar, 5) Birkat HaTorah, 6) Birchot Kriyat Shema and the entire Shema and 7) Pesukei Dezimra. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata (chapter 1 note 21). There he quotes Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who says that women may make Pesukei Dezimra and Brachot Kriyat Shema with Shem UMalchut while Sh”t Yabea Omer 2:6 holds that these Brachot should be made without Shem UMalchut. </ref> | # A woman who has limited time for Shacharit should say parts of Tefillah according to the order of importance: 1)[[Shemoneh Esrei]] 2)first פסוק of Shemaand Emet VeYatsiv before [[Shemoneh Esrei]] 3) Baruch SheAmar, Ashrei, and Yishtabach, 4) Birchot HaShachar, 5) Birkat HaTorah, 6) Birchot Kriyat Shema and the entire Shema and 7) Pesukei Dezimra. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata (chapter 1 note 21). There he quotes Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul who says that women may make Pesukei Dezimra and Brachot Kriyat Shema with Shem UMalchut while Sh”t Yabea Omer 2:6 holds that these Brachot should be made without Shem UMalchut. </ref> | ||
==Children== | ==Children== | ||
# Once a child knows how to speak one should teach him to say the first pasuk of Shema. <ref> Mishna Brurah 70:7 </ref> | # Once a child knows how to speak one should teach him to say the first pasuk of Shema. <ref> Mishna Brurah 70:7 </ref> | ||
