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Mishloach Manot: Difference between revisions
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There is a mitzvah of Mishloach Manot to give a gift of two foods to another Jew on [[Purim]]. <ref> The obligation of Mishloach Manot is explicit in Megillat Ester 9:22 and S”A 695:4. Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 142) writes that it’s obvious one doesn’t fulfill one’s obligation by sending to a non-Jew as he is not included in Reyeyhu. </ref> | There is a mitzvah of Mishloach Manot to give a gift of two foods to another Jew on [[Purim]]. <ref> The obligation of Mishloach Manot is explicit in Megillat Ester 9:22 and S”A 695:4. Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 142) writes that it’s obvious one doesn’t fulfill one’s obligation by sending to a non-Jew as he is not included in Reyeyhu. </ref> | ||
==What is the primary purpose of Mishloach Manot?== | ==What is the primary purpose of Mishloach Manot?== | ||
# Some say that the primary purpose is to increase friendship amongst Klal Yisrael, | # Some say that the primary purpose is to increase friendship amongst Klal Yisrael, and some say that it is to ensure that every Jew has food for Seudat Purim. <ref> The first reason is found in the Manot HaLevi (Ester 9:20) and the second in Trumat HaDeshen 111 </ref> | ||
and some say that it is to ensure that every Jew has food for Seudat Purim. <ref> The first reason is found in the Manot HaLevi (Ester 9:20) and the second in Trumat HaDeshen 111 </ref> | |||
==How many Mishloach Manot should one give?== | ==How many Mishloach Manot should one give?== | ||
# There’s an obligation to send one gift called Mishloach Manot, consisting of two foods, to one person on [[Purim]]. <Ref> Gemara Megilah 7a, Rambam (Megilah 2:15), Tur and S”A 695:4. While the Ben Ish Chai Parashat Tetzaveh 16 says not to put the different foods into one bowl since it may be that this combines them into one kind, Halachot Shlomo 2:19 as well as Teshuvot vihanhagot 2:346 disagree. </ref> | # There’s an obligation to send one gift called Mishloach Manot, consisting of two foods, to one person on [[Purim]]. <Ref> Gemara Megilah 7a, Rambam (Megilah 2:15), Tur and S”A 695:4. While the Ben Ish Chai Parashat Tetzaveh 16 says not to put the different foods into one bowl since it may be that this combines them into one kind, Halachot Shlomo 2:19 as well as Teshuvot vihanhagot 2:346 disagree. </ref> | ||
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# Two food with two different tastes is considered two different foods. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo 19:12 </ref> | # Two food with two different tastes is considered two different foods. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo 19:12 </ref> | ||
# After fulfilling Mishloach Manot according to the halacha, one may give more even if they don’t fulfill all the stringencies of Mishlaoch Manot. <ref> Chazon Ovadyah (pg 133) writes that after one gave one Mishloach Manot, one may send more even if they don’t fulfill the strict laws of Mishloach Manot (unlike the Torat Avigdor who holds that all of the Mishloach Manot have to be according to the halacha). This seems to be supported by the Mishna Brurah 695:22. </ref> | # After fulfilling Mishloach Manot according to the halacha, one may give more even if they don’t fulfill all the stringencies of Mishlaoch Manot. <ref> Chazon Ovadyah (pg 133) writes that after one gave one Mishloach Manot, one may send more even if they don’t fulfill the strict laws of Mishloach Manot (unlike the Torat Avigdor who holds that all of the Mishloach Manot have to be according to the halacha). This seems to be supported by the Mishna Brurah 695:22. </ref> | ||
# Some say that it is considered two separate foods if they are placed in one container.<ref>Torah Lishma 189 writes that the different foods in a container combine into one unit based on the principle of Egged Kli (Gemara Shabbat 91b) and therefore it doesn't count as mishloach manot. Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:346 argues that Egged Kli is only relevant to Hotzah on Shabbat.</ref> | |||
==What type of foods?== | ==What type of foods?== | ||
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# One doesn’t fulfill the obligation with anything that’s non-food, such as clothing or cigarettes. <Ref> Darkei Moshe 695:7 quotes the Maharil that it’s preferable to send food and not other items. However, the Darkei Moshe also quotes the Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 111 who writes that one doesn’t fulfill their obligation with anything other than food and drinks. This is also the opinion of the Eliyah Rabba 695:9, Mishna Brurah 695:20, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 120) write that only food can be used and not clothing or other things against the Sh”t Halachot Ketonot 163 (quoted by Bear Hetiev 695:9), Nahar Shalom 695:2, and Sh”t Mei Yehuda 86. Similarly, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 120-3), Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 9:33, and Sh”t Tirosh VeYitzhar 171:4 write that one doesn’t fulfill their obligation with cigarettes. However, Sh”t Divrei Yisrael (Waltz) 1:223 holds that one fulfills their obligation with cigarettes. See also Sh”t Rivivot Efraim 3:473:2 </ref> | # One doesn’t fulfill the obligation with anything that’s non-food, such as clothing or cigarettes. <Ref> Darkei Moshe 695:7 quotes the Maharil that it’s preferable to send food and not other items. However, the Darkei Moshe also quotes the Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 111 who writes that one doesn’t fulfill their obligation with anything other than food and drinks. This is also the opinion of the Eliyah Rabba 695:9, Mishna Brurah 695:20, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 120) write that only food can be used and not clothing or other things against the Sh”t Halachot Ketonot 163 (quoted by Bear Hetiev 695:9), Nahar Shalom 695:2, and Sh”t Mei Yehuda 86. Similarly, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 120-3), Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 9:33, and Sh”t Tirosh VeYitzhar 171:4 write that one doesn’t fulfill their obligation with cigarettes. However, Sh”t Divrei Yisrael (Waltz) 1:223 holds that one fulfills their obligation with cigarettes. See also Sh”t Rivivot Efraim 3:473:2 </ref> | ||
# Some say women who send to other women fulfill their obligation by sending clothes. <Ref> Sh”t Bet Sharim OC 380 since the gifts that women enjoy nowsdays is clothing, one fulfills their obligation by sending clothing. Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 4:91 (D”H VeTzipiti) also supports this idea. However, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 121), and Sh”t Haychalei Shen (3rd edition, siman 8) argue that in order to fulfill the obligation of sending manot, even for women one must send food and not clothing in order to fulfill one’s obligation. </ref> | # Some say women who send to other women fulfill their obligation by sending clothes. <Ref> Sh”t Bet Sharim OC 380 since the gifts that women enjoy nowsdays is clothing, one fulfills their obligation by sending clothing. Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 4:91 (D”H VeTzipiti) also supports this idea. However, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 121), and Sh”t Haychalei Shen (3rd edition, siman 8) argue that in order to fulfill the obligation of sending manot, even for women one must send food and not clothing in order to fulfill one’s obligation. </ref> | ||
# One doesn’t fulfill the obligation by sending money. <Ref> Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 111 writes that such is implied from the Rambam who mentions money by [[Matanot LeEvyonim]] but not by Mishloach Manot. However, the Sefer Charedim (Siman 713) and Sh”t Halachot Ketanot 2:163 allow sending money. Sh”t | # One doesn’t fulfill the obligation by sending money. <Ref> Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 111 writes that such is implied from the Rambam who mentions money by [[Matanot LeEvyonim]] but not by Mishloach Manot. However, the Sefer Charedim (Siman 713) and Sh”t Halachot Ketanot 2:163 allow sending money. Sh”t Yechave Daat 6:45, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 120), Maharsham in Daat Torah (Siman 695), Erech HaShulchan (695:2), and Sh”t Shlat Yacov 61 hold like the Trumat HaDeshen. </ref> | ||
# Additionally, one doesn’t fulfill their obligation by sending Chiddushei Torah. <ref> Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 123), Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 4:91 </ref> | # Additionally, one doesn’t fulfill their obligation by sending Chiddushei Torah. <ref> Chazon Ovadyah ([[Purim]] pg 123), Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 4:91 </ref> | ||
# Some say that one may fulfill one’s obligation by sending candies to someone with diabetes or food that the receiver is allergic to, or unhealthy foods to someone on a diet. <Ref>Sh”t Yabia Omer (additions) 9:74, Halichot Shlomo 19:11, Piskei Teshuvot 695:20 </ref> | # Some say that one may fulfill one’s obligation by sending candies to someone with diabetes or food that the receiver is allergic to, or unhealthy foods to someone on a diet. <Ref>Sh”t Yabia Omer (additions) 9:74, Halichot Shlomo 19:11, Piskei Teshuvot 695:20 </ref> | ||
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==Links== | ==Links== | ||
* [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/56811 Yalkut Yosef Hilchot Purim (Hebrew 5773)] | |||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/742644/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-mishloach-manos/ Ten Minute Halacha - Mishloach Manos] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | * [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/742644/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-mishloach-manos/ Ten Minute Halacha - Mishloach Manos] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | ||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/757053/rabbi-daniel-z-feldman/the-halachos-of-mishloach-manos/ The Halachos of Mishloach Manos] by Rabbi Daniel Feldman | * [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/757053/rabbi-daniel-z-feldman/the-halachos-of-mishloach-manos/ The Halachos of Mishloach Manos] by Rabbi Daniel Feldman | ||
