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Milk and Meat in the Kitchen: Difference between revisions
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# Our Sages teach us that the language of "לא תבשל"-"You shall not cook" implies that the ''Biblical'' prohibitions only apply if the meat and milk are cooked together.<ref>Chullin 108a, Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1. </ref> There is discussion whether frying or roasting meat and milk together is included in the biblical prohibition.<ref>Sefer [[Kashrut]] HaShulchan (Baser BeChalev 6:1) writes that there is a dispute between the Pri [[Chadash]] and the Machaneh Yehuda whether frying milk and meat is included in the biblical prohibition or is only rabbinically prohibited. He concludes by quoting the Ben Ish Chai Bahalotcha who rules like the Pri [[Chadash]] that it is biblically forbidden. This is also the position of the Gra Shulchan Aruch 87:13. Pitchei Teshuva Shulchan Aruch 87:3 rules to be stringent like the Pri [[Chadash]] but quotes the Pri Megadim to say that if there is significant loss, one may be lenient to derive benefit from the mixture so long as one doesn't eat it. The Pri [[Chadash]] rules that roasting meat and milk together is likewise prohibited by the Torah. The Ran quoted in Rabbi Akiva Eiger Shulchan Aruch 87:1 rules that meat and milk roasted together are only forbidden midrabbanan. The Aruch HaShulchan 87:11 rules that one may consider fried and roasted meat with milk to be on the level of a rabbinic prohibition. </ref> If a mixture of meat and milk is not biblically prohibited then one may derive benefit from it so long as one doesn't eat it.<ref>Rama Shulchan Aruch 87:1. </ref> | # Our Sages teach us that the language of "לא תבשל"-"You shall not cook" implies that the ''Biblical'' prohibitions only apply if the meat and milk are cooked together.<ref>Chullin 108a, Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1. </ref> There is discussion whether frying or roasting meat and milk together is included in the biblical prohibition.<ref>Sefer [[Kashrut]] HaShulchan (Baser BeChalev 6:1) writes that there is a dispute between the Pri [[Chadash]] and the Machaneh Yehuda whether frying milk and meat is included in the biblical prohibition or is only rabbinically prohibited. He concludes by quoting the Ben Ish Chai Bahalotcha who rules like the Pri [[Chadash]] that it is biblically forbidden. This is also the position of the Gra Shulchan Aruch 87:13. Pitchei Teshuva Shulchan Aruch 87:3 rules to be stringent like the Pri [[Chadash]] but quotes the Pri Megadim to say that if there is significant loss, one may be lenient to derive benefit from the mixture so long as one doesn't eat it. The Pri [[Chadash]] rules that roasting meat and milk together is likewise prohibited by the Torah. The Ran quoted in Rabbi Akiva Eiger Shulchan Aruch 87:1 rules that meat and milk roasted together are only forbidden midrabbanan. The Aruch HaShulchan 87:11 rules that one may consider fried and roasted meat with milk to be on the level of a rabbinic prohibition. </ref> If a mixture of meat and milk is not biblically prohibited then one may derive benefit from it so long as one doesn't eat it.<ref>Rama Shulchan Aruch 87:1. </ref> | ||
# The Torah only refers to a "גדי"; however, our Sages have taught us that a "kid" refers to all kosher domesticated animals (e.g. sheep, cows). We were also taught that all types of kosher animal milk are prohibited to cook meat with, not only the milk of the mother. Rather, the reason why the Torah was so specific is because it was speaking in the present (i.e. that the verse spoke in terms which are similar to the way the world functioned at the time).<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y"D 87:2. Maimonides in Guide to the Perplexed 3:48 even suggests that the practice of [[cooking]] a kid in its mother's milk may have been an idolatrous one.</ref> | # The Torah only refers to a "גדי"; however, our Sages have taught us that a "kid" refers to all kosher domesticated animals (e.g. sheep, cows). We were also taught that all types of kosher animal milk are prohibited to cook meat with, not only the milk of the mother. Rather, the reason why the Torah was so specific is because it was speaking in the present (i.e. that the verse spoke in terms which are similar to the way the world functioned at the time).<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y"D 87:2. Maimonides in Guide to the Perplexed 3:48 even suggests that the practice of [[cooking]] a kid in its mother's milk may have been an idolatrous one.</ref> | ||
==Cold Meat Food Touching Dairy Food== | |||
# If a cold piece of cheese or dairy food touched a cold piece of meat or a meat food, the area of their contact each need to be washed and can be eaten.<ref>Mishna Chullin 107b says that it is permitted to wrap cheese and meat together as long as they don’t touch. The gemara explains that even if they touch they just need to be washed to be permitted. The Shulchan Aruch YD 91:1 codifies this. </ref> | |||
## If both foods were dry and don’t make crumbs then they don’t even require washing and it all depends on what you see.<ref>Shach 91:1, Kaf Hachaim 91:1, Badei Hashulchan 91:3</ref> | |||
# When washing the area of contact the food should be washed in water and rubbed gently to clean it from anything being stuck onto it.<ref>Badei Hashulchan 91:3-4</ref> If a dairy food was cut with a knife with meat fat the dairy food needs to be washed and rubbed well.<ref>Badei Hashulchan 91:5</ref> | |||
# After the fact if the dairy and meat foods touched and were cooked separately without being washed beforehand, some say that it is kosher<ref>Taz 91:6</ref> while others are concerned unless there is certainty that there was 60x the crumbs that transferred.<ref>Badei Hashulchan 91:6</ref> | |||
==Using Forbidden Utensils== | |||
# It is permitted to use a clean cold non-Kosher utensil to eat cold kosher food on an irregular basis. <Ref>Rama YD 121:5, Shulchan Aruch YD 94:3, Badei Hashulchan 91:15, Kaf Hachaim 94:40</ref> | |||
# It is initially forbidden to place cold kosher food into a cold pot or container that was used for non-Kosher if the container wasn’t washed since the kosher food that goes into the container will have some non-kosher on it and one might forget to wash off the kosher food. If the kosher food is usually washed before being eaten it is permitted to initially place it in a cold pot used for non-kosher. <ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 91:2 based on the Baal HaItur and Tur</ref> | |||
# It is initially permitted to place kosher food into a cold pot or container that was used for non-kosher if the container was washed.<ref>Shach 91:3, Badei Hashulchan 91:15, Kaf HaChaim 91:5</ref> However, one shouldn’t use non-kosher earthenware utensils even for cold.<ref>Shach 91:3, Badei Hashulchan 91:15. See Kaf HaChaim 91:10 who permits using non-kosher earthenware utensils that belong to a non-Jew for cold.</ref> | |||
# It is permitted to own a non-kosher utensil and not use it as there’s no concern that you’ll come to use it for a forbidden use.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 91:9</ref> | |||
===Cooking and Benefitting from Milk and Meat=== | ===Cooking and Benefitting from Milk and Meat=== | ||
# There is a biblical prohibition to eat or benefit from meat and milk cooked together. Additionally, cooking meat and milk together is itself a biblical prohibition. <Ref>Chullin 115b, Rambam (Machalot Asurot 9:1), Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1</ref> | # There is a biblical prohibition to eat or benefit from meat and milk cooked together. Additionally, cooking meat and milk together is itself a biblical prohibition. <Ref>Chullin 115b, Rambam (Machalot Asurot 9:1), Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1</ref> | ||
