16,374
edits
Milk and Meat in the Kitchen: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
Milk and Meat in the Kitchen (view source)
Revision as of 16:55, 23 February 2016
, 23 February 2016→The Biblical Prohibition
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
# Our Sages teach us that the language of "לא תבשל"-"You shall not cook" implies that the ''Biblical'' prohibitions only apply if the meat and milk are cooked together.<ref>Chullin 108a, Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1. </ref> There is discussion whether frying or roasting meat and milk together is included in the biblical prohibition.<ref>Sefer [[Kashrut]] HaShulchan (Baser BeChalev 6:1) writes that there is a dispute between the Pri [[Chadash]] and the Machaneh Yehuda whether frying milk and meat is included in the biblical prohibition or is only rabbinically prohibited. He concludes by quoting the Ben Ish Chai Bahalotcha who rules like the Pri [[Chadash]] that it is biblically forbidden. This is also the position of the Gra Shulchan Aruch 87:13. Pitchei Teshuva Shulchan Aruch 87:3 rules to be stringent like the Pri [[Chadash]] but quotes the Pri Megadim to say that if there is significant loss, one may be lenient to derive benefit from the mixture so long as one doesn't eat it. The Pri [[Chadash]] rules that roasting meat and milk together is likewise prohibited by the Torah. The Ran quoted in Rabbi Akiva Eiger Shulchan Aruch 87:1 rules that meat and milk roasted together are only forbidden midrabbanan. The Aruch HaShulchan 87:11 rules that one may consider fried and roasted meat with milk to be on the level of a rabbinic prohibition. </ref> If a mixture of meat and milk is not biblically prohibited then one may derive benefit from it so long as one doesn't eat it.<ref>Rama Shulchan Aruch 87:1. </ref> | # Our Sages teach us that the language of "לא תבשל"-"You shall not cook" implies that the ''Biblical'' prohibitions only apply if the meat and milk are cooked together.<ref>Chullin 108a, Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1. </ref> There is discussion whether frying or roasting meat and milk together is included in the biblical prohibition.<ref>Sefer [[Kashrut]] HaShulchan (Baser BeChalev 6:1) writes that there is a dispute between the Pri [[Chadash]] and the Machaneh Yehuda whether frying milk and meat is included in the biblical prohibition or is only rabbinically prohibited. He concludes by quoting the Ben Ish Chai Bahalotcha who rules like the Pri [[Chadash]] that it is biblically forbidden. This is also the position of the Gra Shulchan Aruch 87:13. Pitchei Teshuva Shulchan Aruch 87:3 rules to be stringent like the Pri [[Chadash]] but quotes the Pri Megadim to say that if there is significant loss, one may be lenient to derive benefit from the mixture so long as one doesn't eat it. The Pri [[Chadash]] rules that roasting meat and milk together is likewise prohibited by the Torah. The Ran quoted in Rabbi Akiva Eiger Shulchan Aruch 87:1 rules that meat and milk roasted together are only forbidden midrabbanan. The Aruch HaShulchan 87:11 rules that one may consider fried and roasted meat with milk to be on the level of a rabbinic prohibition. </ref> If a mixture of meat and milk is not biblically prohibited then one may derive benefit from it so long as one doesn't eat it.<ref>Rama Shulchan Aruch 87:1. </ref> | ||
# The Torah only refers to a "גדי"; however, our Sages have taught us that a "kid" refers to all kosher domesticated animals (e.g. sheep, cows). We were also taught that all types of kosher animal milk are prohibited to cook meat with, not only the milk of the mother. Rather, the reason why the Torah was so specific is because it was speaking in the present (i.e. that the verse spoke in terms which are similar to the way the world functioned at the time).<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y"D 87:2. Maimonides in Guide to the Perplexed 3:48 even suggests that the practice of [[cooking]] a kid in its mother's milk may have been an idolatrous one.</ref> | # The Torah only refers to a "גדי"; however, our Sages have taught us that a "kid" refers to all kosher domesticated animals (e.g. sheep, cows). We were also taught that all types of kosher animal milk are prohibited to cook meat with, not only the milk of the mother. Rather, the reason why the Torah was so specific is because it was speaking in the present (i.e. that the verse spoke in terms which are similar to the way the world functioned at the time).<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y"D 87:2. Maimonides in Guide to the Perplexed 3:48 even suggests that the practice of [[cooking]] a kid in its mother's milk may have been an idolatrous one.</ref> | ||
===Cooking and Benefitting from Milk and Meat=== | |||
# There is a biblical prohibition to eat or benefit from meat and milk cooked together. Additionally, cooking meat and milk together is itself a biblical prohibition. <Ref>Chullin 115b, Rambam (Machalot Asurot 9:1), Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 87:1</ref> | |||
## For example, it is forbidden to use butter cooked in a meat pot as a candle for light or for Chanuka candles since that would be benefitting from milk and meat.<ref>Kaf HaChaim 87:16</ref> | |||
# This biblical prohibition only applies to milk and meat from kosher species. Therefore, it is permitted to cook and benefit from the mixture of milk and ham or meat from another non-kosher species. Similarly, it is permitted to cook or benefit from the mixture of pig milk or milk from another non-kosher species with meat.<ref>Mishna Chullin 113a states that there's no prohibition of cooking or benefitting from the combination of milk from a non-kosher species and meat or meat from a non-kosher species and milk. This is codified by the Rambam (Machalot Asurot 9:3), Maharshal (Yam Shel Shlomo 8:100), and Shulchan Aruch YD 87:3. In any event the combination is biblically forbidden to eat. Even though the Bach 87 writes based on the Tur that there is an additional rabbinic prohibition to eat the combination because of meat and milk, the Taz 87:2 and Shach 87:3 argue. </ref> | |||
# However, it is forbidden to cook or benefit from meat from an unslaughtered animal and milk or meat from an animal that was Tereifah and milk. <ref> The Rambam (Pirush Mishnayot Keritut 3:4) writes that there's no prohibition to benefit from or cook meat from a nevelah or teriefah and milk since the meat was already forbidden from beforehand and the additional prohibition of meat and milk can't apply afterwards. The Rashba (Torat Habayit ch. 4, p. 85a) and Ran (Chullin 113b s.v. Vesvar) write that we consider the prohibition of meat and milk to apply on top of other prohibitions since it includes a prohibition of benefit (isur mosif). The Tosfot (Chullin 101a s.v. Isur) has a slightly different terminology, see Dagul Mirvavah 87:1 and Binyan Yakov (p. 81) regarding a dispute about Tosfot's opinion. In any event, Dagul Mirvavah writes that a person who relies on the Rambam in cases of lose has what to rely upon. Chatom Sofer YD 92 writes that the halacha does not follow the Rambam. Badei HaShulchan 87:26 writes that many poskim are strict to forbid cooking and benefit from a combination of unslaughtered animal and milk or meat from an animal that was Tereifah and milk.</ref> | |||
# It is forbidden to eat chicken cooked with milk, however, it is permitted to cook and benefit from chicken and milk.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 87:3. The Taz 87:1 and Shach 87:2 disagree with the Maharshal and Bach who are strict regarding the benefit from chicken and milk. Kaf HaChaim 87:21 follows Shulchan Aruch.</ref> | |||
==Kashrut of Ovens for Meat and Milk== | ==Kashrut of Ovens for Meat and Milk== | ||
