Melechet Machshevet: Difference between revisions
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Melechet Machshevet refers to the concept that the Melachot, the 39 principle categories of prohibited activities of Shabbat, are considered intentional and constructive. For example, if someone rubs his back on the wall and accidentally turns on the light, that isn't considered a full fledged melacha because it lacks the criteria of Melechet Machshevet, specifically, it wasn't intentional. Another example is if a person tears open a container in a destructive fashion that isn't considered a full fledged melacha since it lacks the conditions of Melechet Machshevet, specifically, it wasn't constructive. Many of the examples of Melechet Machshevet are nonetheless rabbinically forbidden. The terms below define the criteria of Melechet Machshevet. | Melechet Machshevet refers to the concept that the [[Melachot]], the 39 principle categories of prohibited activities of Shabbat, are considered intentional and constructive. For example, if someone rubs his back on the wall and accidentally turns on the light, that isn't considered a full fledged melacha because it lacks the criteria of Melechet Machshevet, specifically, it wasn't intentional (see [[#Mitasek]] below). Another example is if a person tears open a container in a destructive fashion that isn't considered a full fledged melacha since it lacks the conditions of Melechet Machshevet, specifically, it wasn't constructive (see [[#Mekalkel]] below). Many of the examples of Melechet Machshevet are nonetheless rabbinically forbidden. The terms below define the criteria of Melechet Machshevet. | ||
==Melacha sheina tzaricha legufa== | ==Melacha sheina tzaricha legufa== | ||
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==Grama== | ==Grama== | ||
One who performs a melacha indirectly isn’t culpable and many Rishonim assume that it is totally permitted.<ref name="ftn24"> Gemara Shabbos 120b, Tosfos Beitzah 22b s.v. vehamistapek, Rama 334:22</ref> There is a dispute as to what is considered indirectly in order to exempt one from melacha. Some say that any action which will cause a melacha to occur at a later point is considered grama.<ref name="ftn25"> See Yabia Omer 10:26, Shemirat Shabbos Kehilchata (Introduction 1:26)</ref> Others explain that an action is only considered grama if it is disconnected physically and temporally from the process that eventually causes the melacha to occur.<ref name="ftn26"> B’ikvei HaTzoan Siman 7 explaining the opinion of Rav Soloveitchik</ref> | One who performs a melacha indirectly isn’t culpable and many Rishonim assume that it is totally permitted.<ref name="ftn24"> Gemara Shabbos 120b, Tosfos Beitzah 22b s.v. vehamistapek, Rama 334:22</ref> There is a dispute as to what is considered indirectly in order to exempt one from melacha. Some say that any action which will cause a melacha to occur at a later point is considered grama.<ref name="ftn25"> See Yabia Omer 10:26, Shemirat Shabbos Kehilchata (Introduction 1:26)</ref> Others explain that an action is only considered grama if it is disconnected physically and temporally from the process that eventually causes the melacha to occur.<ref name="ftn26"> B’ikvei HaTzoan Siman 7 explaining the opinion of Rav Soloveitchik</ref> | ||
==Zilzul Shabbat== | |||
''Zilzul Shabbat'': The Gemara Sanhedrin 46a describes a case in which the supreme court in Yerushalayim condemned a person who rode a horse on Shabbat. Even though technically, riding a horse on Shabbat is only a rabbinic prohibition, it is considered a serious infraction upon the sanctity of Shabbat.<ref>Rambam (Sanhedrin 24:4) codifies this.</ref> | |||
#For example, it is forbidden to watch television on Shabbat.<ref>See [[Electricity_on_Shabbat#Communication on Shabbat]]</ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Shabbat]] | [[Category:Shabbat]] | ||
