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Mayim Achronim: Difference between revisions
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==The basics of the obligation== | ==The basics of the obligation== | ||
# The washing of one’s hands after a bread meal before [[Birkat HaMazon]] is called Mayim Achronim. The Gemara finds support for this law from the pasuk “VeHayiteem Kedoshim” and says it prevents Sedomite salt from getting into one’s eyes and blinding oneself. <Ref> [[Brachot]] 53b, Chulin 105a-b </ref> | # The washing of one’s hands after a bread meal before [[Birkat HaMazon]] is called Mayim Achronim. The Gemara finds support for this law from the pasuk “VeHayiteem Kedoshim” and says it prevents Sedomite salt from getting into one’s eyes and blinding oneself. <Ref> [[Brachot]] 53b, Chulin 105a-b </ref> | ||
# Sephardic custom is based on many Rishonim who hold Mayim Achronim is an obligation nowadays either because there is a concern of Sedomite salt even in our times, there’s an obligation of being Kadosh, or it’s to have clean hands for [[Birkat HaMazon]], (yet the obligation to wash applies even if one has clean hands). <Ref> Rambam([[Brachot]] 6:3), Rabbeinu Yonah([[Brachot]] 40b), Rif(Chulin 37b) hold that it applies because of danger. Ravad([[Brachot]] 6:2), Rashba(Chulin 105ua), and Rashbetz([[Brachot]] ch. 8) seems to hold that the purpose is to have clean hands for [[Birkat HaMazon]]. S"A 181:1 rules (even nowadays) it's an obligation to do Mayim Achronim. </ref> | # Sephardic custom is based on many Rishonim who hold Mayim Achronim is an obligation nowadays either because there is a concern of Sedomite salt even in our times, there’s an obligation of being Kadosh, or it’s to have clean hands for [[Birkat HaMazon]], (yet the obligation to wash applies even if one has clean hands). <Ref> Rambam([[Brachot]] 6:3), Rabbeinu Yonah([[Brachot]] 40b), Rif(Chulin 37b) hold that it applies because of danger. Ravad ([[Brachot]] 6:2), Rashba(Chulin 105ua), and Rashbetz([[Brachot]] ch. 8) seems to hold that the purpose is to have clean hands for [[Birkat HaMazon]]. S"A 181:1 rules (even nowadays) it's an obligation to do Mayim Achronim. </ref> | ||
# The Ashkenazic Minhag is not to wash Mayim Achronim, however, some say that it's even preferable for Ashkenazim to wash Mayim Achronim.<Ref> Tosfot ([[Brachot]] 53b,Chulin 105a, Eiruvin 17b) hold that there's no obligation to wash Mayim Achronim nowadays because the concern of Sedomite salt is not longer relevant. Rama in Darkei Moshe 181:1 and Levush 181:9 codify the opinion of Tosfot and add that such is the Ashkenazic Minhag. The Gra 181:12, Aruch HaShulchan 181:5, and Mishna Brurah 181:22, however, hold that it’s preferable for Ashkenazim to wash Mayim Achronim. </ref> | # The Ashkenazic Minhag is not to wash Mayim Achronim, however, some say that it's even preferable for Ashkenazim to wash Mayim Achronim.<Ref> Tosfot ([[Brachot]] 53b,Chulin 105a, Eiruvin 17b) hold that there's no obligation to wash Mayim Achronim nowadays because the concern of Sedomite salt is not longer relevant. Rama in Darkei Moshe 181:1 and Levush 181:9 codify the opinion of Tosfot and add that such is the Ashkenazic Minhag. The Gra 181:12, Aruch HaShulchan 181:5, and Mishna Brurah 181:22, however, hold that it’s preferable for Ashkenazim to wash Mayim Achronim. </ref> | ||
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# It’s permitted to wash under a running faucet. <ref> Raavad in Tamim Daim 66, Orchot Chiam Netilat Yadim 31, Kolbo 23, against Riaz Netilat Yadim 8:20 </ref> | # It’s permitted to wash under a running faucet. <ref> Raavad in Tamim Daim 66, Orchot Chiam Netilat Yadim 31, Kolbo 23, against Riaz Netilat Yadim 8:20 </ref> | ||
==Amount needed for Mayim Achronim== | ==Amount needed for Mayim Achronim== | ||
# Mayim Achronim doesn’t | # Mayim Achronim doesn’t any specific amount of water. Some opinions say one should use a [[Reviit]] and some opinions say that one should try to use as little water as possible. <Ref> The Rashba (Torat HaBayit 6:2) writes that there's no specific ammoutn one needs to use for Mayim Achronim. The Orchot Chaim Netilat Yadim 31 and Kolbo 23 in name of Raavad agree. This is codified by the Levush 181:7, Atret Zekinim 181:1, Shulchan Aruch Harav 181:4, and Kaf Hachaim 181:4. The Mishna Brurah 181:19, however, notes that the practice of Gra was to use a [[Reviyit]]. On the other hand, the Chida in Simchat Regel (Seder Birkat Hamazon) and Ben Ish Chai (Shalach 8) argue that one should try to use as little water as possible. Accordingly, says the Birur Halacha 181:13 writes that if one’s hands are dirty one should first wash them first and then wash them again with the intent that it satisfy the obligation of Mayim Achronim. </ref> | ||
# If one only has a [[Reviit]] of water one should use it for Mayim Rishonim and not Mayim Achronim. <Ref> Birur Halacha 181:4 from Bet Yosef 181:1, Eliyah Raba 181:1, Mateh Yosef O”C 2:18(32) in name of Orchot Chaim, and Yad Aharon Siman 158 </ref> | # If one only has a [[Reviit]] of water one should use it for Mayim Rishonim and not Mayim Achronim. <Ref> Birur Halacha 181:4 from Bet Yosef 181:1, Eliyah Raba 181:1, Mateh Yosef O”C 2:18(32) in name of Orchot Chaim, and Yad Aharon Siman 158 </ref> | ||
==How the washing is done== | ==How the washing is done== | ||
