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Making One Hundred Brachot Daily: Difference between revisions
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One is obligated to recite 100 berachot each day. <Ref> S"A 46:3 from Gemara Menachot 43b, Kitzur S"A 6:7 </ref> | |||
==Origin of the obligation== | ==Origin of the obligation== | ||
# Some hold that this law is a biblical obligation, while others hold it's of rabbinic origin. <ref> See Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 at length. The Chida (Machzik Bracha 290:1) writes that going out of the way to complete a hundred [[Brachot]] daily is only a virtuous practice. However, the Petach Dvir 290:3, Sdei Chemed (Chet 34), and Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 write that it’s a complete obligation. [Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2 pg 339) writes that even the Chida may mean that it’s only virtuous to go out of the way to make the Bracha oneself but accumulating a hundred (including [[Brachot]] one listens to such as the [[Brachot]] of Torah reading) is an obligation.] Tur 46 also says this obligation is also rabbinic and the pasuk brought in menachot 43b is an asmachta. The Arizal in Shaar Ruach Hakodesh 4a says that there is a level in blessing in heaven that the only way to get to it is saying 100 [[berachot]] each day. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 6:7 writes that a person is obligated to make a hundred [[brachot]] daily. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Mordechai Eliyahu 6:7 concurs. </ref> | # Some hold that this law is a biblical obligation, while others hold it's of rabbinic origin. <ref> See Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 at length. The Chida (Machzik Bracha 290:1) writes that going out of the way to complete a hundred [[Brachot]] daily is only a virtuous practice. However, the Petach Dvir 290:3, Sdei Chemed (Chet 34), Kitzur S"A 6:7 and Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 write that it’s a complete obligation. [Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2 pg 339) writes that even the Chida may mean that it’s only virtuous to go out of the way to make the Bracha oneself but accumulating a hundred (including [[Brachot]] one listens to such as the [[Brachot]] of Torah reading) is an obligation.] Tur 46 also says this obligation is also rabbinic and the pasuk brought in menachot 43b is an asmachta. The Arizal in Shaar Ruach Hakodesh 4a says that there is a level in blessing in heaven that the only way to get to it is saying 100 [[berachot]] each day. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 6:7 writes that a person is obligated to make a hundred [[brachot]] daily. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Mordechai Eliyahu 6:7 concurs. </ref> | ||
# There are several sources and reasons given for this law including: | # There are several sources and reasons given for this law including: | ||
## David Hamelech made an institution to say 100 [[berachot]] a day to stop the plague that was killing a 100 people every day. <ref> Bamidbar Rabba Parasha 18, Tur 46 quoting Rabbi Natronai Gaon, Daat Zekenim MeBaalei Tosfot (Devarim 10:12) </ref> | ## David Hamelech made an institution to say 100 [[berachot]] a day to stop the plague that was killing a 100 people every day. <ref> Bamidbar Rabba Parasha 18, Tur 46 quoting Rabbi Natronai Gaon, Daat Zekenim MeBaalei Tosfot (Devarim 10:12) </ref> | ||
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<ref> Magen Avraham 46:8, Mishna Brurah 46:14 </ref> | <ref> Magen Avraham 46:8, Mishna Brurah 46:14 </ref> | ||
==How is a | ==How is a Day Counted?== | ||
# There is a dispute whether we count a day for the purposes of this halacha starting from the night starting from the day. The majority of poskim hold that the count of a hundred [[Brachot]] starts at night. <ref> Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 writes that it seems from most rishonim that we count from the day to the night, | # There is a dispute whether we count a day for the purposes of this halacha starting from the night starting from the day. The majority of poskim hold that the count of a hundred [[Brachot]] starts at night. <ref> Sh"t Atret Paz 1:1 writes that it seems from most rishonim that we count from the day to the night. However, he writes that it seems from Bet Yosef (46 s.v. “Ditanya”) and Mishna Brurah 46:14 that we count from the night to the day based on the fact that they begin their count of the [[brachot]] from HaMapil. Additionally, Sh"t Betzel Chachmah 4:155 proved from the poskim's counting of the [[brachot]] on [[Shabbat]] that we count from the nighttime. | ||
==Who's | * Sefer Ha'itim 195 says that the count starts from the morning and finishes the next morning. | ||
# Some poskim say that women aren't obligated in making a hundred [[brachot]] daily since it's a time-bound positive obligation, <ref> Halichot Bayta 13:note 2 in name of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Sh”t Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:129, Sh”t Shevet HaKehati 3:63, Birkat Eitan (pg 62), Vezot HaBracha (pg 185, chapter 20), Sh”t Ateret Paz 1:1, Shevet HaLevi 5:23, and Sh”t Rivevot Efraim 3:47, 5:114 write that | * If one brought [[shabbat]] in early Rabbi Shimon Sofer in Hitorerut Teshuva 3:502 says that the [[berachot]] count for the count of [[shabbat]], while Sh"t Bitzel Hachochma 4:155 says they count for the previous day. According to Rav Stern in Bitzel Hachochma, one would need to make up all [[berachot]] recited before [[shabbat]] starts, including the 7 of the shemoneh esrei and 4 of kriat shema, and if he starts the meal then those [[berachot]] as well. | ||
* Rav Mordechai Eliyahu (quoted in Mikraei Kodesh Hilchot Yom Kippur 12:5:note 58) holds that one only has the hours of daylight to reach 100 brachot, from the simple meaning of the word “yom.”</ref> | |||
==Who's Obligated?== | |||
# Some poskim say that women aren't obligated in making a hundred [[brachot]] daily since it's a time-bound positive obligation, <ref> Halichot Bayta 13:note 2 in name of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Sh”t Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:129, Sh”t Shevet HaKehati 3:63, Birkat Eitan (pg 62), Vezot HaBracha (pg 185, chapter 20), Sh”t Ateret Paz 1:1, Shevet HaLevi 5:23, and Sh”t Rivevot Efraim 3:47, 5:114 write that women are exempt and some base it on the Magen Avraham regarding Zecher Yetziat Mitzrayim in Shema who disagrees with the Shagat Aryeh. </ref> while others say that they are as obligated as men. <ref> Rav Elyashiv in Yashiv Moshe (pg 19) and Birkat Eitan (pg 61), **Rav Herschel Schachter in “Women at [[Prayer]]” at yu.edu, Chacham Ovadyah in Halichot Olam (vol 1 pg 59), Halacha Brurah 46:8 and Yalkut Yosef (Otzar Dinim LeIsha pg 75), and Halichot Bat Yisrael (end of chapter 14) write that a woman is obligated since it’s a obligation that applies the whole day and is renewed every day similar to the Shagat Aryeh regarding Zecher Yetziat Mitzrayim in Shema. see Contemporary Questions In Halacha and Hashkafa pg. 106 where he quotes opinions on both sides as well</ref> | |||
==What | ==What Counts as a Bracha?== | ||
# Some say that answering [[Zimmun]] is considered one of a person’s hundred [[Brachot]] every day. <Ref> Sefer Keysad Mezamnin 1:22 </ref> | # Some say that answering [[Zimmun]] is considered one of a person’s hundred [[Brachot]] every day. <Ref> Sefer Keysad Mezamnin 1:22 </ref> | ||
# Some count the "Baruch Elokenu" in Ein KeElokenu as a bracha to make up to a hundred [[brachot]]. <Ref> Taz 46 </ref> | # Some count the "Baruch Elokenu" in Ein KeElokenu as a bracha to make up to a hundred [[brachot]]. <Ref> Taz 46 </ref> | ||
# If one extends his third meal on [[Shabbat]] some hold that the [[brachot]] of [[benching]] aren't counted towards the hundred [[brachot]] of that day, while others consider it as part of the [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> If one extends the third meal of [[Shabbat]] past the time of sunset, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2 pg 337) and Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 5:23 hold that the [[brachot]] one makes during the meal and the [[Birkat HaMazon]] count towards the hundred [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. However, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Sh”t Minchat Shlomo 2:4:27, Halichot Shlomo ([[tefillah]] 22:23)) writes that it doesn't count towards the hundred [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | # If one extends his third meal on [[Shabbat]] some hold that the [[brachot]] of [[benching]] aren't counted towards the hundred [[brachot]] of that day, while others consider it as part of the [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> If one extends the third meal of [[Shabbat]] past the time of sunset, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2 pg 337) and Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 5:23 hold that the [[brachot]] one makes during the meal and the [[Birkat HaMazon]] count towards the hundred [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. However, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Sh”t Minchat Shlomo 2:4:27, Halichot Shlomo ([[tefillah]] 22:23)) writes that it doesn't count towards the hundred [[brachot]] of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
==Getting to a | ==Getting to a hHndred on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]]== | ||
# Because we don't say a [[Shmoneh Esrei]] of 19 [[brachot]] but rather of 7, one should try to accumulate a hundred through having snacks. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 290:1</ref> | # Because we don't say a [[Shmoneh Esrei]] of 19 [[brachot]] but rather of 7, one should try to accumulate a hundred through having snacks. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 290:1. </ref> | ||
# According to the Mishna Brurah one is only lacking 13 [[Brachot]] on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 46:14 </ref> The following is the Mishna Brurah's count of 87 [[Brachot]]: | # According to the Mishna Brurah one is only lacking 13 [[Brachot]] on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 46:14 </ref> The following is the Mishna Brurah's count of 87 [[Brachot]]: | ||
* HaMapil (1) | * HaMapil (1) | ||
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** at night, HaMekadesh HaShabbat and HaGafen (2) | ** at night, HaMekadesh HaShabbat and HaGafen (2) | ||
** during the day, HaGafen (1) | ** during the day, HaGafen (1) | ||
# If one is unable to accumulate a hundred [[brachot]] on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] one can listen to the [[brachot]] of Torah reading with intent to accumulate a hundred [[brachot]]. <ref> The Magen Avraham 46:8 writes that one should only rely on accumulating a hundred [[Brachot]] using [[Brachot]] that one heard from the [[Brachot]] on Torah reading if one is unable to make the [[Brachot]] oneself by eating snacks. This is also the opinion of the S”A HaRav 46, and Mishna Brurah 46:14. See Sh"t Yabia Omer 8:23:24. </ref> | |||
# For the laws of making one hundred [[Brachot]] on [[Yom Kippur]] see the [[Yom Kippur#Making one hundred Brachot|Yom Kippur]] page. | # For the laws of making one hundred [[Brachot]] on [[Yom Kippur]] see the [[Yom Kippur#Making one hundred Brachot|Yom Kippur]] page. | ||
==Making an | |||
# | ==Making an Unnecessary Beracha== | ||
# Some say that one cannot recite a bracha sheina tzreecha to reach the 100 brachot,<ref> Magen Avraham 46:8 based on gemara in Yoma 70a which prohibits the recitation of unnecessary [[brachot]]. </ref> while others argue that it is permissible. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Pesukei Dezimrah p. 53) says that if fruits were brought to the table before Birkat Hamazon one is allowed to push off making the bracha until after Birkat Hamazon to reach 100 brachot. Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 15:60 also rules that this is not considered bracha sheayna tzricha since you are creating the obligation to recite it in order to fulfill the mitzva of reciting 100 berachot. Magen Avraham 215:6 holds that you can only wait to eat the fruit for dessert if they have not been brought to the table yet. </ref> | |||
==Is intent (Kavanah) required?== | ==Is intent (Kavanah) required?== | ||
# Some hold that no specific intent is required when saying [[brachot]] in order to fulfill the mitzvah of making a hundred [[brachot]]. However, one must make sure to make the bracha with the proper Kavana of the words or at least intent that one is speaking before Hashem in order that one fulfill the mitzvah of a hundred [[brachot]]. <ref> Rabbi Dovid Aharon Brizman (Av Bet Din Philadelphia) in Vol. 59 No. 1 Tishrei 5766 pg 4-5 writes that since the entire mitzvah of making a hundred [[brachot]] is meant to inspire Yirat Hashem one doesn't need specific intent to fulfill the mitzvah and making the [[brachot]] with Kavanah is sufficient. However, he does quote the Yaavetz and [[Seder]] HaYom who hold that a bracha without intent doesn't count for this mitzvah. Nonetheless, he suggests that perhaps intent that one is speaking before Hashem suffices (like the Grach in Hilchot [[Tefillah]]). </ref> | # Some hold that no specific intent is required when saying [[brachot]] in order to fulfill the mitzvah of making a hundred [[brachot]]. However, one must make sure to make the bracha with the proper Kavana of the words or at least intent that one is speaking before Hashem in order that one fulfill the mitzvah of a hundred [[brachot]]. <ref> Rabbi Dovid Aharon Brizman (Av Bet Din Philadelphia) in Vol. 59 No. 1 Tishrei 5766 pg 4-5 writes that since the entire mitzvah of making a hundred [[brachot]] is meant to inspire Yirat Hashem one doesn't need specific intent to fulfill the mitzvah and making the [[brachot]] with Kavanah is sufficient. However, he does quote the Yaavetz and [[Seder]] HaYom who hold that a bracha without intent doesn't count for this mitzvah. Nonetheless, he suggests that perhaps intent that one is speaking before Hashem suffices (like the Grach in Hilchot [[Tefillah]]). </ref> | ||
==Links== | |||
* Article on [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/718751/Rabbi_Josh_Flug/The_Obligation_to_Recite_One_Hundred_Berachot_Each_Day The Obligation to Recite One Hundred Berachot Each Day] by Rabbi Josh Flug | |||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/741508/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Saying_100_Berachos_Every_Day Saying 100 Berachos Every Day] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Brachot]] | [[Category:Brachot]] | ||
[[Category:Prayer]] | [[Category:Prayer]] | ||
