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Lighting in Shul: Difference between revisions
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== When should one light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | == When should one light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | ||
# The congregation should light [[Chanukah]] Candles between [[Mincha]] and [[Mariv]] even if it means lighting at sunset ([[Shekiyah]]) because the congregation would leave right after [[Mariv]] and there wouldn’t be Pirsume Nisa for the candles. <ref> Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21b) says that if one wants he can light at Shkiah because there’s also Pirsume Nisa then. Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15), Ritva and Ran on [[Shabbat]] 21b. Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Ran ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15), and Bach 672 say that one can light earlier than the proper time to light (Tzet for Sephardim, [[Shekiah]] for some Ashkenazim) because if one delayed lighting in Shul until after [[Mariv]] people would leave and there wouldn’t be Pirsume Nisa. Bach 672 says in Shul the Shaliach Tzibbur can light at Shkiah. Sh”t Shev Yacov 22 pg 28a says it’s established to light between [[Mincha]] and [[Mariv]] (and so says Avudraham 54d) and the reason is that if they light after [[Mariv]] the whole congregation would leave. Sh”t Zivchai Tzedek (O”C 2:29,3:112 pg 213) writes that that was the Minhag of Bagdad based on the Yesh Omerim of S”A 672:2. | # The congregation should light [[Chanukah]] Candles between [[Mincha]] and [[Mariv]] even if it means lighting at sunset ([[Shekiyah]]) because the congregation would leave right after [[Mariv]] and there wouldn’t be Pirsume Nisa for the candles. <ref> Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21b) says that if one wants he can light at Shkiah because there’s also Pirsume Nisa then. Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15), Ritva and Ran on [[Shabbat]] 21b. Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Ritva ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Ran ([[Shabbat]] 21a), Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15), and Bach 672 say that one can light earlier than the proper time to light (Tzet for Sephardim, [[Shekiah]] for some Ashkenazim) because if one delayed lighting in Shul until after [[Mariv]] people would leave and there wouldn’t be Pirsume Nisa. Bach 672 says in Shul the Shaliach Tzibbur can light at Shkiah. Sh”t Shev Yacov 22 pg 28a says it’s established to light between [[Mincha]] and [[Mariv]] (and so says Avudraham 54d) and the reason is that if they light after [[Mariv]] the whole congregation would leave. Sh”t Zivchai Tzedek (O”C 2:29,3:112 pg 213) writes that that was the Minhag of Bagdad based on the Yesh Omerim of S”A 672:2. This is also the opinion of Chazon Ovadyah pg 69 and records that such is the Minhag Yerushalayim. Sh”t Shraga HaMeir 7:44 says that if the congregation forgot to light in between [[Mincha]] and [[Mariv]] they should light before Alenu so there’s a [[minyan]] still there. See also Yeraim 102e. </ref> | ||
# If a Shul has a few minyanim for [[Maariv]], the Menorah should remain lit from before the first [[minyan]] until after the last [[minyan]] <ref> Rav Chaim Kanievsky quoted in Sefer Yimei [[Hallel]] ViHodaah page 299 footnote 53. He adds that if the Menorah burned out, or if the last [[minyan]] is much later than the first [[minyan]], it should indeed be lit again before the last [[minyan]] with the [[berachot]]. see also Sh"t Yabea Omer 7:57 on the minhag of the Musayof Shul.</ref> | # If a Shul has a few minyanim for [[Maariv]], the Menorah should remain lit from before the first [[minyan]] until after the last [[minyan]] <ref> Rav Chaim Kanievsky quoted in Sefer Yimei [[Hallel]] ViHodaah page 299 footnote 53. He adds that if the Menorah burned out, or if the last [[minyan]] is much later than the first [[minyan]], it should indeed be lit again before the last [[minyan]] with the [[berachot]]. see also Sh"t Yabea Omer 7:57 on the minhag of the Musayof Shul.</ref> | ||
# There is a practice to light in shul for [[Shacharit]] without a bracha. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 205), Shearim Mitzuyanim Bihalacha 139:19, Sh"t Melamed Lehoil OC 121, based on Pri Megadim Eshel Avraham 670:2[http://www.neveh.org/chanukah/chanuka2.html Rav Yoel Schwartz] </ref> | # There is a practice to light in shul for [[Shacharit]] without a bracha. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 205), Shearim Mitzuyanim Bihalacha 139:19, Sh"t Melamed Lehoil OC 121, based on Pri Megadim Eshel Avraham 670:2[http://www.neveh.org/chanukah/chanuka2.html Rav Yoel Schwartz] </ref> | ||
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==Fulfilling one's obligation of candle lighting with the lighting in the Shul== | ==Fulfilling one's obligation of candle lighting with the lighting in the Shul== | ||
# One doesn’t fulfill his obligation with the lighting in Shul even if one did the lighting and so one can light at home for his family with all the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 671:45, Sh”t Rivash 111 says that one doesn’t fulfill his obligation with the lighting in Shul. | # One doesn’t fulfill his obligation with the lighting in Shul even if one did the lighting and so one can light at home for his family with all the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 671:45, Sh”t Rivash 111 says that one doesn’t fulfill his obligation with the lighting in Shul. This is also the opinion of Rama 671:7. Gra 671:7 "viein" notes that this is because the obligation is on the person and his household</ref> However if he lives by himself and he lit in Shul for the congregation, when he lights at home, according to Sephardim, he should only say the Bracha of LeHadlik Ner (and not SheAssa Nissim and [[Shehecheyanu]]). Ashkenazim, however, can say LeHadlik and SheAssa just not [[Shehecheyanu]]. <Ref> Sh”t Zera Emet 1:96 says that once one said the Bracha of [[Shehecheyanu]] in Shul one doesn’t repeat it at home unless one is fulfilling the obligation of his family. This is also the opinion of Shaarei Teshuva 671:11 and Mishna Brurah 671:45. Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 1:190 argues on Zera Emet that there should be no difference between [[Shehecheyanu]] and SheAssa Nisim (and thus one should be able to repeat all the [[Brachot]] even by oneself). Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 200), Halichot Olam 1 pg 66, Taharat Mayim, Sh”t Hitorerut Teshuva 1:103, Leket Yosher 151, and Sh”t Yechave Daat 2:77 say that if one is only lighting at home for himself and he made the [[Brachot]] in Shul he should only make the Bracha of LeHadlik Ner. </ref> | ||
# On a Friday afternoon, if one already lit at home before coming to Shul (as will everyone else) he should light in Shul without the Bracha [[Shehecheyanu]]. Sephardim say that one shouldn’t say the bracha of She’assa Nisim either but just the bracha of LeHadlik. <Ref> Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 13:69 based on the Bach says that even if one said the Bracha of [[Shehecheyanu]] at home one can still say it at Shul on Friday afternoon when everyone there already lit with [[Brachot]]. However Sh”t Chatom Sofer O”C 55 and Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah argue on the Bach. Sephardim should not even repeat She’assa Nisim as brought down by Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 200 note 37) and Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 11. </ref> | # On a Friday afternoon, if one already lit at home before coming to Shul (as will everyone else) he should light in Shul without the Bracha [[Shehecheyanu]]. Sephardim say that one shouldn’t say the bracha of She’assa Nisim either but just the bracha of LeHadlik. <Ref> Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 13:69 based on the Bach says that even if one said the Bracha of [[Shehecheyanu]] at home one can still say it at Shul on Friday afternoon when everyone there already lit with [[Brachot]]. However Sh”t Chatom Sofer O”C 55 and Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah argue on the Bach. Sephardim should not even repeat She’assa Nisim as brought down by Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 200 note 37) and Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 11. </ref> | ||
# One can light in Shul even if he lit at home and can light for another congregation that has an obligation of lighting. <ref> Shaarei Teshuva 671:11 quoting Sh”t Zera Emet 1:96 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 671:6) say that one can say [[Shehecheyanu]] for another congregation like one can say [[Birchot HaTorah]] when getting an Aliyah even though one already said it. However on Friday afternoon when the entire congregation already said [[Shehecheyanu]] one shouldn’t repeat it as in previous note. </ref> | # One can light in Shul even if he lit at home and can light for another congregation that has an obligation of lighting. <ref> Shaarei Teshuva 671:11 quoting Sh”t Zera Emet 1:96 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 671:6) say that one can say [[Shehecheyanu]] for another congregation like one can say [[Birchot HaTorah]] when getting an Aliyah even though one already said it. However on Friday afternoon when the entire congregation already said [[Shehecheyanu]] one shouldn’t repeat it as in previous note. </ref> | ||
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# There is a practice to light candles with a bracha at [[Chanukah]] gatherings where there are Divrei Torah. It’s preferable to say [[Mariv]] there right afterwards but isn’t necessary. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 204 note 43; Kitzur S”A 671:9), Sh”t Mishnat Yacov ([[Chanukah]] 260), Az Nidabru 5:37, 6:75, 11:32,34, Sh”T Bet Mordechai 41, Sh”t Yad Natan 2:25, Sh”t Mishnat Sachir 202 say that it’s sufficient that ten people are present for there to be Pirsume Nisa. </ref> | # There is a practice to light candles with a bracha at [[Chanukah]] gatherings where there are Divrei Torah. It’s preferable to say [[Mariv]] there right afterwards but isn’t necessary. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 204 note 43; Kitzur S”A 671:9), Sh”t Mishnat Yacov ([[Chanukah]] 260), Az Nidabru 5:37, 6:75, 11:32,34, Sh”T Bet Mordechai 41, Sh”t Yad Natan 2:25, Sh”t Mishnat Sachir 202 say that it’s sufficient that ten people are present for there to be Pirsume Nisa. </ref> | ||
==Where should one light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | ==Where should one light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | ||
# The Chanukia in Shul is put to the right of the Aron HaKodesh, which is the south side of the Shul. Some align it in the direction of South-North and some in the East-West direction. If there’s no set Minhag one should align it in the East-West direction. <Ref> Bava Batra 22b says that the menorah was on the south side of the Bet Mikdash. So too the practice is to light the Chanukia in Shul to the south. S”A 671:7 says that one light to the south of the Shul. There’s a dispute in the Rishonim whether the Menorah in Mikdash was aligned along the south-north axis or the east-west axis. Magan Avraham says that each congregation should keep their Minhag. | # The Chanukia in Shul is put to the right of the Aron HaKodesh, which is the south side of the Shul. Some align it in the direction of South-North and some in the East-West direction. If there’s no set Minhag one should align it in the East-West direction. <Ref> Bava Batra 22b says that the menorah was on the south side of the Bet Mikdash. So too the practice is to light the Chanukia in Shul to the south. S”A 671:7 says that one light to the south of the Shul. There’s a dispute in the Rishonim whether the Menorah in Mikdash was aligned along the south-north axis or the east-west axis. Magan Avraham says that each congregation should keep their Minhag. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 204). However, Rama 671:7 in name of Trumat HaDeshen 104 rules that preferably one should align it along the east-west axis. This is also the opinion of Mishna Brurah 671:42. </ref> | ||
# The person lighting should stand to the south of the Chanukia and light on the first night the right-most candle, closest to the Aron and on the following nights one should light in the direction of left to right. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 671:43 in name of Sh”t Chatom Sofer 186. </ref> | # The person lighting should stand to the south of the Chanukia and light on the first night the right-most candle, closest to the Aron and on the following nights one should light in the direction of left to right. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 671:43 in name of Sh”t Chatom Sofer 186. </ref> | ||
==Does one need a minyan to light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | ==Does one need a minyan to light Chanukah candles in the Shul?== | ||
