Leaning during the Seder: Difference between revisions
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During the Seder we need to feel that we are free and do so by leaning in a comfortable and royal position. Some explain that this is a | During the Seder we need to feel that we are free and do so by leaning in a comfortable and royal position. Some explain that this is a biblical mitzvah<ref>Rambam Matzah 7:6-7 implies that leaning fulfills the biblical mitzvah of Zachor Et Yom Tzetacha Memitzrayim. Midrash Rabba Bishalach learns the idea of leaning from the pasuk of Vayasev Elokim (Shemot 13:18).</ref>, while others explain that it is only a rabbinic detail of the mitzvot of the night.<ref>Chazon Ovadia citing Rashbam Pesachim 99b and others.</ref> | ||
==Leaning during the Seder== | ==Leaning during the Seder== | ||
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# According to Sephardim, if one forgot to lean one has to lean again, even the third and fourth cup for which one shouldn’t drink afterwards. However, Ashkenazim hold that one shouldn’t drink the third or fourth cup again because one can’t drink after the third and fourth cup. Additionally one should have in mind before making the bracha to repeat the first cup if one forgets to lean. If one didn’t have such an intent, one shouldn’t repeat the first cup.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 472:7 writes that if one didn’t lean while eating or drinking one must eat or drink again. This is also the opinion of Rav Ovadyah in Sh”t Chazon Ovadyah 13. Rosh Pesachim 10:20 writes that if you didn't lean for the [[matza]] or four cups you should repeat those while leaning, even though repeating the third and fourth cups may make it seem like we drink more than four. Rama 472:7 adds that since we don’t drink between the third and fourth cup nor do we drink after the fourth cup one shouldn’t drink again because it appears as though one is adding to the established number of cups. However, one should Lechatchila repeat the first two cups if one forgot to drink while leaning. Magen Avraham comments that since the minhag is not to drink between the first and second cup (and so, if one does want to drink again one would make a new bracha and it’d appear like on is adding a new cup to the established seder) thus, one should also not repeat the first cup. Nonetheless, to avoid that issue the Magen Avraham suggests that one should have in mind before drinking the first cup that if he forgets to lean he’ll drink again. Mishna Brurah (Beiur Halacha s.v. VeNirah Li), Eliyah Rabbah, and Shulchan Aruch HaRav rule like the Magen Avraham. However, Bach and Avi Ezri argue on the Rama that one does not need to repeat any of [[the four cups of wine]]. So quotes the Bear Heteiv in the name of the Chok Yacov and Agudah. </ref> | # According to Sephardim, if one forgot to lean one has to lean again, even the third and fourth cup for which one shouldn’t drink afterwards. However, Ashkenazim hold that one shouldn’t drink the third or fourth cup again because one can’t drink after the third and fourth cup. Additionally one should have in mind before making the bracha to repeat the first cup if one forgets to lean. If one didn’t have such an intent, one shouldn’t repeat the first cup.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 472:7 writes that if one didn’t lean while eating or drinking one must eat or drink again. This is also the opinion of Rav Ovadyah in Sh”t Chazon Ovadyah 13. Rosh Pesachim 10:20 writes that if you didn't lean for the [[matza]] or four cups you should repeat those while leaning, even though repeating the third and fourth cups may make it seem like we drink more than four. Rama 472:7 adds that since we don’t drink between the third and fourth cup nor do we drink after the fourth cup one shouldn’t drink again because it appears as though one is adding to the established number of cups. However, one should Lechatchila repeat the first two cups if one forgot to drink while leaning. Magen Avraham comments that since the minhag is not to drink between the first and second cup (and so, if one does want to drink again one would make a new bracha and it’d appear like on is adding a new cup to the established seder) thus, one should also not repeat the first cup. Nonetheless, to avoid that issue the Magen Avraham suggests that one should have in mind before drinking the first cup that if he forgets to lean he’ll drink again. Mishna Brurah (Beiur Halacha s.v. VeNirah Li), Eliyah Rabbah, and Shulchan Aruch HaRav rule like the Magen Avraham. However, Bach and Avi Ezri argue on the Rama that one does not need to repeat any of [[the four cups of wine]]. So quotes the Bear Heteiv in the name of the Chok Yacov and Agudah. </ref> | ||
# Bedieved, after the fact (when it can not to repeated) according to Ashkenazim one has fulfilled their requirement.<ref> Rama 472:7 says that Bedieved one can rely on the Ravyah 525 that nowadays it’s not a practice of royalty to lean and so one fulfills their mitzvah without leaning. | # Bedieved, after the fact (when it can not to repeated) according to Ashkenazim one has fulfilled their requirement.<ref> Rama 472:7 says that Bedieved one can rely on the Ravyah 525 that nowadays it’s not a practice of royalty to lean and so one fulfills their mitzvah without leaning. | ||
* Pri Megadim E"A 485:1 explains that some hold that one doesn't fulfill the mitzvah even | * Pri Megadim E"A 485:1 explains that some hold that one doesn't fulfill the mitzvah even biblically if one ate without leaning similar to Tosfot Sukkah 3a and Brachot 11a. Rav Ovadia in Chazon Ovadia v. 1 p. 197 points out that according to Ritva Sukkah 28a, Rashbetz Brachot 11a, Meiri and Ran Pesachim 116b who disagree with Tosfot one certainly fulfills one's biblical mitzvah. </ref> | ||
# If one forgot to lean while eating [[Matzah]] (of Motzei [[Matzah]]) one must repeat eating a Kezayit of [[Matzah]].<ref> Even though the initial requirement of [[Matzah]] during Motzei [[Matzah]] is 2 Kezaytim, Mishna Brurah 472:22 rules that one only needs to repeat to eat one [[Kezayit]] of [[matzah]]. </ref> | # If one forgot to lean while eating [[Matzah]] (of Motzei [[Matzah]]) one must repeat eating a Kezayit of [[Matzah]].<ref> Even though the initial requirement of [[Matzah]] during Motzei [[Matzah]] is 2 Kezaytim, Mishna Brurah 472:22 rules that one only needs to repeat to eat one [[Kezayit]] of [[matzah]]. </ref> | ||
#If one forgot to lean during Afikoman one should Lechatchila eat it again while leaning. However if it’s difficult to eat another Afikoman or one already said [[Birkat HaMazon]] one can rely on the lenient opinions and not eat Afikoman again.<ref> Mishna Brurah 472:22 writes that if a person forgot to lean for [[afikomen]] he shouldn’t have another afikomen. But in Shaar Hatziyun 477:4 he contradicts himself. | #If one forgot to lean during Afikoman one should Lechatchila eat it again while leaning. However if it’s difficult to eat another Afikoman or one already said [[Birkat HaMazon]] one can rely on the lenient opinions and not eat Afikoman again.<ref> Mishna Brurah 472:22 writes that if a person forgot to lean for [[afikomen]] he shouldn’t have another afikomen. But in Shaar Hatziyun 477:4 he contradicts himself. | ||
