Kriyat Shema: Difference between revisions
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==Saying Shema without Tefillin== | ==Saying Shema without Tefillin== | ||
# It is forbidden to say Kriyat Shema without Tefillin.<ref>Brachot 14b, Shulchan Aruch 25:4, Olot Tamid 58:1, Eliyah Raba 58:5, Kaf HaChaim 58:11, Halacha Brurah 58:5, and Mishna Brurah (58:5 and 25:14) rule that if there’s no fear of missing the time for Shema one shouldn’t say Shema without [[Tefillin]].</ref> Doing so is like one is testifying false testimony against oneself since in Shema it says to wear Tefillin and one isn't practicing what one is saying.<ref>Tosfot 14b s.v. vmanach, Levush 25:1, Mishna Brurah 25:14</ref> After the fact one does fulfill one's obligation even if one said Shema without Tefillin.<ref>Mishna Brurah 25:14 writes that saying Shema without Tefillin fulfills one's obligation. However, the Ateret Tzvi 25:6 argues that the Gemara's expression that Shema without Tefillin is like a Korban without a Mincha implies that one doesn't even fulfill the mitzvah of Shema.</ref> | # It is forbidden to say Kriyat Shema without Tefillin.<ref>Brachot 14b, Shulchan Aruch 25:4, Olot Tamid 58:1, Eliyah Raba 58:5, Kaf HaChaim 58:11, Halacha Brurah 58:5, and Mishna Brurah (58:5 and 25:14) rule that if there’s no fear of missing the time for Shema one shouldn’t say Shema without [[Tefillin]].</ref> Doing so is like one is testifying false testimony against oneself since in Shema it says to wear Tefillin and one isn't practicing what one is saying.<ref>Tosfot 14b s.v. vmanach, Levush 25:1, Mishna Brurah 25:14</ref> After the fact one does fulfill one's obligation even if one said Shema without Tefillin.<ref>Mishna Brurah 25:14 writes that saying Shema without Tefillin fulfills one's obligation. However, the Ateret Tzvi 25:6 argues that the Gemara's expression that Shema without Tefillin is like a Korban without a Mincha implies that one doesn't even fulfill the mitzvah of Shema.</ref> | ||
# If one doesn’t have [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] and is going to miss the time for Kriyat Shema one should say Kriyat Shema with [[Brachot]] in time and then repeat it with [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] without [[Brachot]]. The same is true even if one is unsure whether one will miss the time for Kriyat Shema. <ref> [[Brachot]] 14b says there that Rav said Shema and then put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] because the person who was bringing his [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] forgot to bring it by the time for Shema. This is also the opinion of Levush 58:2, Sharei Knesset Gedolah 58:9, Olot Tamid 58:1, Eliyah Raba 58:5, Mishna Brurah 58:5, and Kaf HaChaim 58:11. Mishna Brurah 58:5 and Halacha Brurah 58:5 rule that one should also say Shema without [[Tefillin]] if there’s a doubt one will miss the time. </ref> | # If one doesn’t have [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] and is going to miss the time for Kriyat Shema one should say Kriyat Shema with [[Brachot]] in time and then repeat it with [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] without [[Brachot]]. The same is true even if one is unsure whether one will miss the time for Kriyat Shema. <ref> [[Brachot]] 14b says there that Rav said Shema and then put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] because the person who was bringing his [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] forgot to bring it by the time for Shema. This is also the opinion of Levush 58:2, Sharei Knesset Gedolah 58:9, Olot Tamid 58:1, Eliyah Raba 58:5, Mishna Brurah 58:5, and Kaf HaChaim 58:11. Mishna Brurah 58:5 and Halacha Brurah 58:5 rule that one should also say Shema without [[Tefillin]] if there’s a doubt one will miss the time. </ref> | ||
# It is permitted to say Kriyat Shema without wearing Tzitzit.<ref>Levush 25:1 explains that it is only like testifying false testimony when saying Shema without Tefillin since it is a personal obligation, but Tzitzit which is only an obligation if one is already wearing a four cornered garment but otherwise it is possible to avoid it isn't an issue to say Shema without Tzitzit.</ref> | # It is permitted to say Kriyat Shema without wearing Tzitzit.<ref>Levush 25:1 explains that it is only like testifying false testimony when saying Shema without Tefillin since it is a personal obligation, but Tzitzit which is only an obligation if one is already wearing a four cornered garment but otherwise it is possible to avoid it isn't an issue to say Shema without Tzitzit.</ref> | ||
# If one is planning on saying Shema later with Tefillin, some say that it is permitted even initially to say Shema without Tefillin, while others hold that it is forbidden.<ref>Daf Al Hadaf Brachot 14b cites the Bet Yitzchak OC 17:3 who says that it is permitted to say Shema without Tefillin if one plans on putting on Tefillin afterwards. Masef Lchol Machanot 25:31 and Torat Yekutiel 11 agree. However, Chofetz Chaim (Shemirat Halashon ch. 2) argues that it is forbidden even if you’re planning on putting on Tefillin afterwards since it is still false testimony for the time being.</ref> | |||
==Who's Obligated?== | ==Who's Obligated?== | ||
