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Kriyat Shema: Difference between revisions
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# If one is in extenuating circumstances so that one will not be able to say Kriyat Shema (even just to say the first פסוק of Shema and the following one until Ad Livavecha) after [[MeSheYakir]] with any Kavana (proper intent) because one will be traveling, one may say it after Olot Hashachar. <Ref>S”A 58:3. Sh”t Ish Matzliach 1:15 writes that nowadays when we travel in cars, trains, and airplanes this leniency doesn’t apply. However, the Halacha Brurah (Birur Halacha 58:10) writes that this halacha is still applicable to those who have to catch a plane very early and will not be able to say Shema with Kavana (and also it’ll be difficult to put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] at that time). </ref> | # If one is in extenuating circumstances so that one will not be able to say Kriyat Shema (even just to say the first פסוק of Shema and the following one until Ad Livavecha) after [[MeSheYakir]] with any Kavana (proper intent) because one will be traveling, one may say it after Olot Hashachar. <Ref>S”A 58:3. Sh”t Ish Matzliach 1:15 writes that nowadays when we travel in cars, trains, and airplanes this leniency doesn’t apply. However, the Halacha Brurah (Birur Halacha 58:10) writes that this halacha is still applicable to those who have to catch a plane very early and will not be able to say Shema with Kavana (and also it’ll be difficult to put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] at that time). </ref> | ||
# Even in extenuating circumstances one may not make a Bracha upon putting on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] any time before [[MeSheyakir]]; rather one should put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] without a Bracha and after [[MeSheyakir]] has arrived one may make the [[Brachot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 58:16, Halacha Brurah 58:9 </ref> | # Even in extenuating circumstances one may not make a Bracha upon putting on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] any time before [[MeSheyakir]]; rather one should put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] without a Bracha and after [[MeSheyakir]] has arrived one may make the [[Brachot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 58:16, Halacha Brurah 58:9 </ref> | ||
# If someone got up before netz and isn’t going to daven until after netz according to many poskim it is preferable to say shema even without brachot, tefillin, and semicha geulah ltefillah. <ref>If someone got up before netz and can recite Shema without a minyan, tefillin, and without Shemona Esrei immediately to follow should he recite it then? Rabbenu Yonah 13b s.v. Matniten writes that it is better to say shema before netz than it is to do semicha geulah to tefillah and therefore one should say it before one davens if it is before netz and one isn't going to daven until after netz. Do we hold like Rabbenu Yonah? Shulchan Aruch Harav 58:4 and Rav Schachter ([http://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/885663/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-14-9ab-eilu-veeilu-korban-pesach-lashon-bakasha-ehekeh-bnei-melachim-devarim-shebichsav/ Brachot Shiur 14 (min 68)] and [http://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/886512/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-17-10b-11a-zman-tefillah-shel-shacharit-eilu-veeilu/ Brachot Shiur 17 (min 3)]) hold yes. Rav Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 149-151) argues that we don't follow that opinion since we hold that it is lechatchila to say Shema until the end of the first three hours one shouldn’t say Shema without brachot and without semicha geulah ltefillah before netz. (There is a support for this in the Meiri Brachot 22b s.v. yarad that the mishna only meant if you can say Shema and Shemona Esrei should you say it before netz.)</ref> | |||
==Can one say Shema at [[Olot HaShachar]]?== | ==Can one say Shema at [[Olot HaShachar]]?== | ||
# If one has a pressing need meaning that he traveling to a dangerous place or that he’s traveling and the group won’t wait for him at all, and one knows that he will not be able to have kavana to say the first parsha of Shema later, one can say Shema at [[Olot HaShachar]] (72 minutes in [[Shaot Zmaniot]] before [[HaNetz]] earlier than one is able to recognize an acquaintance from 4 [[amot]]). <ref> S”A 58:3. On [[Brachot]] 8b Rabbi Shimon Ben Yochai says that it’s possible to say Shema twice at night once before Olot for the obligation of night and once after Olot for the day obligation. Rif ([[Brachot]] 2b), Rambam (Kriyat Shema 1:12), Rashba ([[Brachot]] 9a s.v. LeIyan Hafsaka), Ramban (Milchamot [[Brachot]]), and Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah (2b s.v. Iy Nami) write that one should only say it at Olot if it’s Shat HaDachak. Bet Yosef brings the Mahari Ahavuhav who implies this from the Tur. Bet Yosef explains that Tosfot (8b s.v. Lo) holds that one can’t say Shema at Olot but only at when one can recognize an acquaintance. [Bach disagrees and explains that tosfot would agree in a Shat HaDachak]. Bal HaMoar (beginning of [[Brachot]]) argues on the Rif and writes that one can’t say it until [[HaNetz]]. Magen Avraham 58:4 challenges S”A’s wording that one can say it early if one won’t be able to have kavana in the first paragraph because S”A 63:4 says that one only needs Kavana in the first pasuk. </ref> | # If one has a pressing need meaning that he traveling to a dangerous place or that he’s traveling and the group won’t wait for him at all, and one knows that he will not be able to have kavana to say the first parsha of Shema later, one can say Shema at [[Olot HaShachar]] (72 minutes in [[Shaot Zmaniot]] before [[HaNetz]] earlier than one is able to recognize an acquaintance from 4 [[amot]]). <ref> S”A 58:3. On [[Brachot]] 8b Rabbi Shimon Ben Yochai says that it’s possible to say Shema twice at night once before Olot for the obligation of night and once after Olot for the day obligation. Rif ([[Brachot]] 2b), Rambam (Kriyat Shema 1:12), Rashba ([[Brachot]] 9a s.v. LeIyan Hafsaka), Ramban (Milchamot [[Brachot]]), and Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah (2b s.v. Iy Nami) write that one should only say it at Olot if it’s Shat HaDachak. Bet Yosef brings the Mahari Ahavuhav who implies this from the Tur. Bet Yosef explains that Tosfot (8b s.v. Lo) holds that one can’t say Shema at Olot but only at when one can recognize an acquaintance. [Bach disagrees and explains that tosfot would agree in a Shat HaDachak]. Bal HaMoar (beginning of [[Brachot]]) argues on the Rif and writes that one can’t say it until [[HaNetz]]. Magen Avraham 58:4 challenges S”A’s wording that one can say it early if one won’t be able to have kavana in the first paragraph because S”A 63:4 says that one only needs Kavana in the first pasuk. </ref> | ||
