Kotzer: Difference between revisions
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==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
# Uprooting or severing any part of a living plant is forbidden on [[Shabbat]] under the category of Kotzer ([[Harvesting]]). <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 281), Shemirat | # Uprooting or severing any part of a living plant is forbidden on [[Shabbat]] under the category of Kotzer ([[Harvesting]]). <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 281), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:10, Rambam Hilchot Shabbat 7:4, 8:3. See [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2447 Rabbi Mansour on DailyHalacha.com] who explains that the Melacha of Kotzer refers to detaching produce from the ground using a utensil such as a sickle and Tolesh, which is the [[Toldah]] of Kotzer, includes detaching produce from the ground with one's hands. </ref> | ||
# There is a discussion amongst the poskim, if kotzer applies to things which do not grow from the ground. <ref> | # There is a discussion amongst the poskim, if kotzer applies to things which do not grow from the ground. <ref> | ||
* The Minchas Chinuch Kotzeir 2 asserts that the opinion of Rambam is that kotzeir is not limited to gidulei karka, and this seems to fit with the Gemara Shabbos 107b that pulling a fetus out of its mother’s womb is an act of okeir davar m'gidulo. The Talmud Yerushalmi Shabbos 48b takes this to an extreme and says that pulling a fish out of water is an act of ''kotzeir min haTorah''. Magen Avraham (340:15) also seems to imply that kotzeir only applies to things that grow from the ground. While the Magen Avraham isn't discussing kotzeir, he does write that all of the melachos are learned out from the mishkan and since we hold that ''dosh'' is limited to gidulei karka, the others must be as well. | * The Minchas Chinuch Kotzeir 2 asserts that the opinion of Rambam is that kotzeir is not limited to gidulei karka, and this seems to fit with the Gemara Shabbos 107b that pulling a fetus out of its mother’s womb is an act of okeir davar m'gidulo. The Talmud Yerushalmi Shabbos 48b takes this to an extreme and says that pulling a fish out of water is an act of ''kotzeir min haTorah''. Magen Avraham (340:15) also seems to imply that kotzeir only applies to things that grow from the ground. While the Magen Avraham isn't discussing kotzeir, he does write that all of the melachos are learned out from the mishkan and since we hold that ''dosh'' is limited to gidulei karka, the others must be as well. | ||
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==Uprooting or severing a plant== | ==Uprooting or severing a plant== | ||
# It is forbidden to break a branch off a tree, remove a leave, or pick a fruit or flower from a tree on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 281), Shemirat | # It is forbidden to break a branch off a tree, remove a leave, or pick a fruit or flower from a tree on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 281), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:10 </ref> | ||
==Picking fruits== | ==Picking fruits== | ||
# Picking a fruit on [[Shabbat]] is forbidden. <Ref>S”A 336:12 </ref> However, one may remove a fruit from a branch which was detached from the tree from before [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat | # Picking a fruit on [[Shabbat]] is forbidden. <Ref>S”A 336:12 </ref> However, one may remove a fruit from a branch which was detached from the tree from before [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:10 quoting Rama 336:8, Beiur Halacha 336:8 s.v. SheNishpach writes that one shouldn't remove a fruit unless the branch is completely detached from the tree. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (chap 26 note 38) quotes a dispute between the Machsit HaShekel and Pri Megadim whether one is allowed to remove leaves from a branch that was detached from the tree from before [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to detach fruit whether it is fully ripened or shriveled. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 289) </ref> | # It is forbidden to detach fruit whether it is fully ripened or shriveled. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 289) </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to pick mushrooms or remove moss from a rock it is growing on. <ref> 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 283), Shemirat | # It is forbidden to pick mushrooms or remove moss from a rock it is growing on. <ref> 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 283), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:10 </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to smell a fruit attached to the tree, however, one may smell a flower. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:10, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 301), Mishna Brurah 336:48, [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=57967 Rav Yitzchak Yosef Motzei Shabbat Vayhakel Pekudei 5778 min 37] </ref> | # It is forbidden to smell a fruit attached to the tree, however, one may smell a flower. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:10, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 301), Mishna Brurah 336:48, [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=57967 Rav Yitzchak Yosef Motzei Shabbat Vayhakel Pekudei 5778 min 37] </ref> | ||
# It is permitted to smell a spice such as mint while it is attached to the ground on Shabbat and there's no concern that one is going to detach it from the ground.<Ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=57967 Rav Yitzchak Yosef Motzei Shabbat Vayhakel Pekudei 5778 min 37]</ref> | # It is permitted to smell a spice such as mint while it is attached to the ground on Shabbat and there's no concern that one is going to detach it from the ground.<Ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=57967 Rav Yitzchak Yosef Motzei Shabbat Vayhakel Pekudei 5778 min 37]</ref> | ||
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==Flowers in a Vase== | ==Flowers in a Vase== | ||
# Flowers in a vase may be moved on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Hilchos [[Shabbos]] page 64. </ref> | # Flowers in a vase may be moved on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Hilchos [[Shabbos]] page 64. </ref> | ||
# One may remove flowers from a vase full of water provided that the flowers have not sprouted roots in the water. <ref> Shemirat | # One may remove flowers from a vase full of water provided that the flowers have not sprouted roots in the water. <ref> Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita 26:16 quoted Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach. </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to add water to a vase with flowers. <ref> Mishna Brurah 336:54. </ref> On [[Yom Tov]] a small amount may be added. <ref> Aruch hashulchan 654:2, Shemira [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 26:26 </ref> | # It is forbidden to add water to a vase with flowers. <ref> Mishna Brurah 336:54. </ref> On [[Yom Tov]] a small amount may be added. <ref> Aruch hashulchan 654:2, Shemira [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 26:26 </ref> | ||
# One may not gather flowers or create an arrangement and place it in a vase on [[Shabbos]], even if the vase contains no water. <ref> Iggerot Moshe OC 4:73 </ref> | # One may not gather flowers or create an arrangement and place it in a vase on [[Shabbos]], even if the vase contains no water. <ref> Iggerot Moshe OC 4:73 </ref> | ||
