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Kosher Wine: Yayin Nesech, Stam Yeinam, and Maga Akum: Difference between revisions
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Kosher Wine: Yayin Nesech, Stam Yeinam, and Maga Akum (view source)
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==Other Grape Products== | ==Other Grape Products== | ||
# Even though grape seeds are subject to the prohibition and one cannot get benefit from them for twelve months until they dry and are then washed<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:14</ref>, grape seed ''oil'' is not subject to Stam Yeynam.<ref>Shu"t Chatam Sofer (Yoreh Deah 117), Shu"t Yabia Omer (vol. 7 Yoreh Deah Siman 11). Reasons include that it's changed from its original form, dried beforehand, might not have had Hamshachah, and there's no taste of the wine in the oil, which is extracted alone. Rav Hershel Schachter questions if factory storage counts towards twelve months, and Rav Yisroel Belsky requires that we ascertain that the Kelim were kashered properly. ([https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf_17-8c.pdf Daf ha-kashrus Iyar 5769/ May 2009 Vol. 17 / No. 8])</ref> | # Even though grape seeds are subject to the prohibition and one cannot get benefit from them for twelve months until they dry and are then washed<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:14</ref>, grape seed ''oil'' is not subject to Stam Yeynam.<ref>Shu"t Chatam Sofer (Yoreh Deah 117), Shu"t Yabia Omer (vol. 7 Yoreh Deah Siman 11). Reasons include that it's changed from its original form, dried beforehand, might not have had Hamshachah, and there's no taste of the wine in the oil, which is extracted alone. Rav Hershel Schachter questions if factory storage counts towards twelve months, and Rav Yisroel Belsky requires that we ascertain that the Kelim were kashered properly. ([https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf_17-8c.pdf Daf ha-kashrus Iyar 5769/ May 2009 Vol. 17 / No. 8])</ref> | ||
# Maga Akum can only prohibit wine, not vinegar, but if the vinegar had been touched while it was still wine, the fermentation does not remove the Issur. Some were concerned that one would mistake vinegar for wine that's still fermenting, but, aside for situations that require heavier safeguards against intermarriage, the halacha assume vinegar is vinegar and not subject to Maga Akum.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:6</ref> If the vinegar bubbles intensely when poured, one can assume it has been vinegar for at least three days and any contact with Non-Jews is irrelevant.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:7</ref> Some claim that modern day vinegar is not the same vinegar as in the times of the Talmud, because even industrial vinegar does not bubble as described.<ref>[https://oukosher.org/blog/consumer-kosher/does-wine-vinegar-present-a-concern-of-stam-yainam/ Does Wine Vinegar Present a Concern of Stam Yeinam? (OU Kosher)]. See also [https://www.star-k.org/articles/kashrus-kurrents/4470/balsamic-vinegar-sour-grapes-or-sour-sweet-success/ BALSAMIC VINEGAR: SOUR GRAPES OR SOUR SWEET SUCCESS (Star-K)] regarding contemporary vinegar production.</ref> | |||
# We are stringent to assume liquid from unripened grapes (Boser) is subject to Maga Akum.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:8</ref> | |||
=Mixtures (Ta'arovot)= | |||
# Since Stam Yeynam is only MiDeRabbanan, there is much room to be lenient in situations of Safek, especially with Yishmaelim.<ref>Shiurei Bracha Yoreh Deah 123:2. See also Yabia Omer (vol. 7 Yoreh Deah 11:4)</ref> | |||
# If wine is mixed with enough honey, spices, or other ingredients that change its taste, it cannot become assur via Maga Akum.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:4) | |||
# The [[Rambam]]<ref>Rambam Hilchot Ma'achalot Assurot 11:10</ref> uniquely cites the position of the Geonei HaMaarav, who held that even a little bit of honey or spice can prevent wine from becoming subject to Maga Akum. Although this opinion has not been accepted by many, the [[Radbaz]] permits such wine touched by a Yishmaeli in situations of great loss<ref>Shiurei Bracha 5. See Pe'at David ad loc that the Radbaz elsewhere only permits it in cases of Safek.</ref> and also allows mixing the touched wine with other wine to nullify it.<ref>Shiurei Bracha Yoreh Deah 123:6</ref> | |||
# If kosher wine was mixed into a solid food to the point that it's no longer discernable, it cannot become prohibited via Maga Akum, even if the dish is still raw. If it is discernable, it can become prohibited, unless the taste of the wine has changed.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:5</ref> | |||
=Who Creates the Prohibition= | =Who Creates the Prohibition= | ||
=How= | =How= | ||
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* [https://541e0667-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/israelmyroot/home/vineyards-and-winepresses-in-ancient-israel/8547.Winepress.jpeg?attachauth=ANoY7cqBHcBFfpxvt5QlhMV72ih4xs0K23U_wCCRnXZamMdukEDSunKRm3_9_8VRyu-46byLD10svoxppPb_tbc-XZJ6P7MJIzbyOt2yWsOuMUpL5Pvz7GZdn0UbM9Uo3g9f2SZ7v5Vv4rFEtIt1S24mNEbbG-9MTHQl-vtsLddKNha7tMkcSB2MOsBDPdls4fu85XSoqO3dIhl0VLxXGdvvEMyBXwBXB6wvLlMzyD16EWGofRUTxqQmNatyirIBfnTTK1vMWHWUGUjuewfZ9tbQ1aKf9uggBWm-ifwDDe5cLe-tgVCNkN8%3D&attredirects=0 A Winepress in Ancient Israel] - a really handy diagram of what an ancient winepress (a "Gat") looked like. | * [https://541e0667-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/israelmyroot/home/vineyards-and-winepresses-in-ancient-israel/8547.Winepress.jpeg?attachauth=ANoY7cqBHcBFfpxvt5QlhMV72ih4xs0K23U_wCCRnXZamMdukEDSunKRm3_9_8VRyu-46byLD10svoxppPb_tbc-XZJ6P7MJIzbyOt2yWsOuMUpL5Pvz7GZdn0UbM9Uo3g9f2SZ7v5Vv4rFEtIt1S24mNEbbG-9MTHQl-vtsLddKNha7tMkcSB2MOsBDPdls4fu85XSoqO3dIhl0VLxXGdvvEMyBXwBXB6wvLlMzyD16EWGofRUTxqQmNatyirIBfnTTK1vMWHWUGUjuewfZ9tbQ1aKf9uggBWm-ifwDDe5cLe-tgVCNkN8%3D&attredirects=0 A Winepress in Ancient Israel] - a really handy diagram of what an ancient winepress (a "Gat") looked like. | ||
* [https://www.star-k.org/articles/articles/1136/the-art-of-kosher-wine-making/ THE ART OF KOSHER WINE MAKING (Star-K)] - Essential background information to learning Hilchot Yayin Nesech | * [https://www.star-k.org/articles/articles/1136/the-art-of-kosher-wine-making/ THE ART OF KOSHER WINE MAKING (Star-K)] - Essential background information to learning Hilchot Yayin Nesech | ||
* [http://www.crcweb.org/Sherry%20Casks%202.pdf Sherry Casks (cRc)] - A Comprehensive Overview of Scotch Production and its Kashrus Implications | * [http://www.crcweb.org/Sherry%20Casks%202.pdf Sherry Casks (cRc)] - A Comprehensive Overview of Scotch Production and its Kashrus Implications | ||
=Sources= | =Sources= | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
