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Kosher Wine: Yayin Nesech, Stam Yeinam, and Maga Akum: Difference between revisions
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Kosher Wine: Yayin Nesech, Stam Yeinam, and Maga Akum (view source)
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# The Chachamim did not include cooked wine in their Gezeirah, because it's not fit for idol worship.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:3</ref> While the [[Geonim]] define "cooking" for these purposes as boiling, the [[Yerushalmi]] says some of the wine must evaporate. Some say that they're one and the same and boiling is really sufficient, while others require a change of taste and/or minimizing of alcohol content. Therefore, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach<ref>Shu"t Minchat Shlomo Kamma Siman 25</ref> and Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul<ref>Shu"t Ohr LeTzion vol. 2 20:18 (not 20:19, as is often mistakenly cited)</ref> argue that pasteurization cannot be considered cooking, because the vapor is mixed right back into the wine; Rav Moshe Feinstein<ref>Shu"t Iggerot Moshe Yoreh Deah vol. 3 Siman 31</ref> and Rav Ovadia<ref>Yabia Omer vol. 8 Yoreh Deah 15 and vol. 9 Orach Chaim 108:134</ref> claim boiling is what it hinges on and evaporation is just a sign of it but not necessary. Rav Moshe Feinstein and Rav Ovadia require pasteurization to a temperature exceeding or 175˚ F, respectively, and the Tzelemer Rav z”l insisted on a minimum 190˚ F. On this basis OU permits wines that undergo flash pasteurization to be labeled either as mevushal or mifustar.<ref>[https://oukosher.org/publications/mifustar-is-it-mevushal/ MIFUSTAR – IS IT MEVUSHAL? (Daf HaKashrus, by Rav Eli Gersten)]</ref> | # The Chachamim did not include cooked wine in their Gezeirah, because it's not fit for idol worship.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:3</ref> While the [[Geonim]] define "cooking" for these purposes as boiling, the [[Yerushalmi]] says some of the wine must evaporate. Some say that they're one and the same and boiling is really sufficient, while others require a change of taste and/or minimizing of alcohol content. Therefore, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach<ref>Shu"t Minchat Shlomo Kamma Siman 25</ref> and Rav Ben Tzion Abba Shaul<ref>Shu"t Ohr LeTzion vol. 2 20:18 (not 20:19, as is often mistakenly cited)</ref> argue that pasteurization cannot be considered cooking, because the vapor is mixed right back into the wine; Rav Moshe Feinstein<ref>Shu"t Iggerot Moshe Yoreh Deah vol. 3 Siman 31</ref> and Rav Ovadia<ref>Yabia Omer vol. 8 Yoreh Deah 15 and vol. 9 Orach Chaim 108:134</ref> claim boiling is what it hinges on and evaporation is just a sign of it but not necessary. Rav Moshe Feinstein and Rav Ovadia require pasteurization to a temperature exceeding or 175˚ F, respectively, and the Tzelemer Rav z”l insisted on a minimum 190˚ F. On this basis OU permits wines that undergo flash pasteurization to be labeled either as mevushal or mifustar.<ref>[https://oukosher.org/publications/mifustar-is-it-mevushal/ MIFUSTAR – IS IT MEVUSHAL? (Daf HaKashrus, by Rav Eli Gersten)]</ref> | ||
==Other Grape Products== | ==Other Grape Products== | ||
# Even though grape seeds are subject to the prohibition and one cannot get benefit from them for twelve months, grape seed ''oil'' is not subject to Stam Yeynam.<ref>Shu"t Chatam Sofer (Yoreh Deah 117), Shu"t Yabia Omer (vol. 7 Yoreh Deah Siman 11). Reasons include that it's changed from its original form, dried beforehand, might not have had Hamshachah, and there's no taste of the wine in the oil, which is extracted alone.</ref> | # Even though grape seeds are subject to the prohibition and one cannot get benefit from them for twelve months until they dry and are then washed<ref>Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 123:14</ref>, grape seed ''oil'' is not subject to Stam Yeynam.<ref>Shu"t Chatam Sofer (Yoreh Deah 117), Shu"t Yabia Omer (vol. 7 Yoreh Deah Siman 11). Reasons include that it's changed from its original form, dried beforehand, might not have had Hamshachah, and there's no taste of the wine in the oil, which is extracted alone. Rav Hershel Schachter questions if factory storage counts towards twelve months, and Rav Yisroel Belsky requires that we ascertain that the Kelim were kashered properly. ([https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf_17-8c.pdf Daf ha-kashrus Iyar 5769/ May 2009 Vol. 17 / No. 8])</ref> | ||
=Who Creates the Prohibition= | =Who Creates the Prohibition= | ||
=How= | =How= | ||
