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Kavod and Oneg Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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# One should try to clean and sweep the house for [[Shabbat]].<ref> Yalkut Yosef 242:7 </ref> | # One should try to clean and sweep the house for [[Shabbat]].<ref> Yalkut Yosef 242:7 </ref> | ||
# One should place a tablecloth on the table special for [[Shabbat]] for the duration of the [[Shabbat]], on all the tables of the home and the shul.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 242:7 </ref> | # One should place a tablecloth on the table special for [[Shabbat]] for the duration of the [[Shabbat]], on all the tables of the home and the shul.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 242:7 </ref> | ||
# A person should should spend time preparing the house or the room he's staying in for Shabbat even if he's a guest in someone else's house.<ref>Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky (Kovetz Halachot Shabbat v. 1 p. 16)</ref> | |||
=== Other Examples of Kavod Shabbat === | |||
# [[Shabbat Davenings#Kabbalat Shabbat|Kabbalat_Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Shabbat Candles]] | |||
# [[Having a Meal on Erev Shabbat|Saving an Appetite for Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Laundering One's Clothing|Laundering Clothing for Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Getting Dressed for Shabbat|Wearing Shabbat Clothing]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Brushing One's Hair|Brushing one's Hair for Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Showering for Shabbat|Showering for Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Buying Food for Shabbat|Buying Food for Shabbat]] | |||
# [[Preparing for Shabbat#Baking Challah for Shabbat|Baking Challah for Shabbat]] | |||
==Oneg Shabbat (Enjoying Shabbat)== | ==Oneg Shabbat (Enjoying Shabbat)== | ||
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# It is forbidden to fast on [[Shabbat]] unless one enjoys fasting.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 288:1, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (Intro to new edition, chap 2 note 42). Beiur Halacha s.v. Asur, Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26 </ref> One may not fast even for a small amount of time if one's intent is to fast, and one may not fast past [[Chatzot]] even if one's intent is not to fast.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:20</ref> | # It is forbidden to fast on [[Shabbat]] unless one enjoys fasting.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 288:1, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (Intro to new edition, chap 2 note 42). Beiur Halacha s.v. Asur, Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26 </ref> One may not fast even for a small amount of time if one's intent is to fast, and one may not fast past [[Chatzot]] even if one's intent is not to fast.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:20</ref> | ||
# Workers who usually don't establish a time to learn during the week, should endeavor to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even more than Talmidei Chachamim who learn all week.<ref>Rama 290:2</ref> | # Workers who usually don't establish a time to learn during the week, should endeavor to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even more than Talmidei Chachamim who learn all week.<ref>Rama 290:2</ref> | ||
=== Is it Necessary to have Meat for Shabbat Meals? === | |||
# There is a mitzvah to prepare special foods for Shabbat and to enjoy them on Shabbat. Generally, meat and wine are foods used for this mitzvah and that is recommended. However, it is possible to fulfill this mitzvah by eating other foods that one enjoys and one does not need specifically to eat meat.<ref>Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky (Kovetz Halachot Shabbat v. 1 p. 28) based on Rambam (Shabbat 30:7), Kuntres Shoel Umeishiv v. 5 p. 234 quoting Halichot Shabbat 1:5:1 of Rabbi Ofir Malka. Avnei Darech 13:47 quotes a dispute between Piskei Teshuvot 250:12 who writes that a person should not have dairy meals on Shabbat and Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 42:16 who writes that it is recommended to have meat meals, but not an absolute obligation. </ref> | |||
# Some poskim hold that this is a specific need to have meat on Shabbat because there is a mitzvah of simcha on Shabbat. To fulfill this opinion it is sufficient to have one meal of meat.<ref>Kuntres Shoel Umeishiv v. 5 p. 234 quoting Rabbi Yigal Cohen</ref> | |||
=== Minimum Food Requirements for Shabbat === | === Minimum Food Requirements for Shabbat === | ||
# Having special food for the [[Shabbat]] meals for Kavod [[Shabbat]] shouldn’t be less than 2 cooked dishes. Additionally, for Kavod [[Shabbat]] one should try to have fish unless one hates it or doesn’t digest it well.<ref> Mishna Brurah 242:2. Yalkut Yosef 242:3 writes that one should try to have fish at all three meals or at least at the first and third unless he doesn't like fish in which case he wouldn't have to eat fish at all. </ref> | # Having special food for the [[Shabbat]] meals for Kavod [[Shabbat]] shouldn’t be less than 2 cooked dishes. Additionally, for Kavod [[Shabbat]] one should try to have fish unless one hates it or doesn’t digest it well.<ref> Mishna Brurah 242:2. Yalkut Yosef 242:3 writes that one should try to have fish at all three meals or at least at the first and third unless he doesn't like fish in which case he wouldn't have to eat fish at all. </ref> | ||
# Even someone who doesn’t have a lot of money should make an extra effort to fulfill Kavod [[Shabbat]] and have something special even it is just small fish.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1 explains that this applies even to someone who only has money for 3 meals on [[Shabbat]] and for just a little bit more. </ref> Such a person should save up money or food from the rest of the days of the week so that he can have something special for [[Shabbat]].<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1, Yalkut Yosef | # Even someone who doesn’t have a lot of money should make an extra effort to fulfill Kavod [[Shabbat]] and have something special even it is just small fish.<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1 explains that this applies even to someone who only has money for 3 meals on [[Shabbat]] and for just a little bit more. </ref> Such a person should save up money or food from the rest of the days of the week so that he can have something special for [[Shabbat]].<ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1, Yalkut Yosef 242:1 </ref> | ||
# Only someone who is so poor who really has very little (only 2 meals to eat on [[Shabbat]]), and is unable to borrow from others, for him it’s better to have [[Shabbat]] without anything special in order not to rely on others for money.<ref> S”A 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1 explains that it only applies to someone who is so poor that he doesn’t have 2 meals for [[Shabbat]] and Mishna Brurah 242:3 adds that this is only someone who can’t borrow money. </ref> | # Only someone who is so poor who really has very little (only 2 meals to eat on [[Shabbat]]), and is unable to borrow from others, for him it’s better to have [[Shabbat]] without anything special in order not to rely on others for money.<ref> S”A 242:1, Mishna Brurah 242:1 explains that it only applies to someone who is so poor that he doesn’t have 2 meals for [[Shabbat]] and Mishna Brurah 242:3 adds that this is only someone who can’t borrow money. </ref> | ||
# However, the above is about someone who has enough money that he doesn’t need to take [[Tzedaka]], however, someone who needs to take [[Tzedaka]], he should get the appropriate amount to respect [[Shabbat]] properly.<ref> Mishna Brurah 242:1, Yalkut Yosef 242:2 </ref> | # However, the above is about someone who has enough money that he doesn’t need to take [[Tzedaka]], however, someone who needs to take [[Tzedaka]], he should get the appropriate amount to respect [[Shabbat]] properly.<ref> Mishna Brurah 242:1, Yalkut Yosef 242:2 </ref> | ||
=== Spending on Shabbat === | |||
# One should note that the Rabbis tell us that what one spends on Shabbat is fixed from the beginning of the year and if one spends more, Hashem will repay him.<ref>Beitzah 16a, Tur 242:1</ref> This promise only applies if his intentions are purely to honor Shabbat and for him own pleasure.<ref>Aruch Hashulchan 250:4, Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky (Kovetz Halachot Shabbat v. 1 p. 10)</ref> | |||
# A person should spend on honoring and enjoying Shabbat and not be cheap when spending on Shabbat because of the concern about his future finances. However, this is only within a person's budget. Spending beyond one's budget is ill advised and not included in this recommendation of Chazal.<ref>Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky (Kovetz Halachot Shabbat v. 1 p. 11)</ref> | |||
==Zechirat Shabbat (Remembering Shabbat)== | ==Zechirat Shabbat (Remembering Shabbat)== | ||
# According to some rishonim, there is a mitzvah from the Torah to remember [[Shabbat]] every day of the week. The minhag is to fulfill this requirement by counting the day of the week before Shir Shel Yom.<ref> Ramban Shemot 20:8 writes that there’s a mitzvah Deoritta in counting every day of the week towards [[Shabbat]]. This is also the opinion of Chaye Adam ([[Shabbat]] 1:1), Mekor Chaim 271:3, and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 42:3 </ref> | # According to some rishonim, there is a mitzvah from the Torah to remember [[Shabbat]] every day of the week. The minhag is to fulfill this requirement by counting the day of the week before Shir Shel Yom.<ref> Ramban Shemot 20:8 writes that there’s a mitzvah Deoritta in counting every day of the week towards [[Shabbat]]. This is also the opinion of Chaye Adam ([[Shabbat]] 1:1), Mekor Chaim 271:3, and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 42:3 </ref> | ||
