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Kaddish: Difference between revisions
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==Who should say Kaddish== | ==Who should say Kaddish== | ||
# The midrashim speak how a child saying Kaddish for a parent could save the parent from a harsh judgement in heaven. Therefore, the minhag is to say Kaddish for a parent as well as get the Aliyah of Maftir and to pray as the Shaliach Tzibur especially for Arvit.<reF>Kitzur S"A 27:1</reF> | # The midrashim speak how a child saying Kaddish for a parent could save the parent from a harsh judgement in heaven. Therefore, the minhag is to say Kaddish for a parent as well as get the Aliyah of Maftir and to pray as the Shaliach Tzibur especially for [[Arvit]].<reF>Kitzur S"A 27:1</reF> | ||
# The Sephardic minhag is that anyone who wants may say Kaddish even if that is a number of people together. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 132:16</ref> | # The Sephardic minhag is that anyone who wants may say Kaddish even if that is a number of people together. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 132:16</ref> | ||
# Although saying Kaddish and prayers in the merit of one's parents, the primary merit for parents is that a child follows in the just and proper way.<ref>Kitzur S"A 27:22</reF> | # Although saying Kaddish and [[prayers]] in the merit of one's parents, the primary merit for parents is that a child follows in the just and proper way.<ref>Kitzur S"A 27:22</reF> | ||
# It is permissible to recite kaddish in memory of a non-Jew as long as the one who you are saying it for was a moral individual. <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 6:60 </ref> | # It is permissible to recite kaddish in memory of a non-Jew as long as the one who you are saying it for was a moral individual. <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 6:60 </ref> | ||
==Requirements for Kaddish== | ==Requirements for Kaddish== | ||
# One may only say Kaddish in a congregation of 10 men above the age of [[Bar Mitzvah]].<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:1, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 1 </ref> The person saying Kaddish is included in the minyan, meaning that there has to be 9 people listening to Kaddish besides for the one saying Kaddish. <ref>Kitzur S"A 15:7</ref> | # One may only say Kaddish in a congregation of 10 men above the age of [[Bar Mitzvah]].<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:1, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 1 </ref> The person saying Kaddish is included in the [[minyan]], meaning that there has to be 9 people listening to Kaddish besides for the one saying Kaddish. <ref>Kitzur S"A 15:7</ref> | ||
# If one cannot find ten men, it is permissible to use one katan, 9 or 10 years old, who has reached the age of chinuch, for it is better than completely nullifying kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 1 </ref> | # If one cannot find ten men, it is permissible to use one katan, 9 or 10 years old, who has reached the age of [[chinuch]], for it is better than completely nullifying kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 1 </ref> | ||
# If there is up to four people in the minyan saying Shemona Esreh and will not be able to answer Kaddish, nonetheless, one may say Kaddish because there is a majority of the minyan who can answer.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:7</ref> | # If there is up to four people in the [[minyan]] saying [[Shemona Esreh]] and will not be able to answer Kaddish, nonetheless, one may say Kaddish because there is a majority of the [[minyan]] who can answer.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:7</ref> | ||
# If one began Kaddish with 10 men and one left, one may nonetheless finish kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 7 </ref> | # If one began Kaddish with 10 men and one left, one may nonetheless finish kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 7 </ref> | ||
# One need not be meticulous and strict with regard to making sure that everyone is the minyan had 2 pubic hairs. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 11 </ref> | # One need not be meticulous and strict with regard to making sure that everyone is the [[minyan]] had 2 pubic hairs. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 11 </ref> | ||
# If there are 10 men and one of the minyan is unable to answer to kaddish, kaddish may nonetheless be recited. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 12 </ref> | # If there are 10 men and one of the [[minyan]] is unable to answer to kaddish, kaddish may nonetheless be recited. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 12 </ref> | ||
# If there are 10 men and one of the minyan is sleeping, kaddish may nonetheless be recited. Nevertheless, one should wake up the sleeper. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 12 </ref> | # If there are 10 men and one of the [[minyan]] is sleeping, kaddish may nonetheless be recited. Nevertheless, one should wake up the sleeper. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 12 </ref> | ||
# A deaf man and a mute man may be counted for a minyan, however, a deaf mute man is treated as a katan with regard to minyan. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 14 </ref> | # A deaf man and a mute man may be counted for a [[minyan]], however, a deaf mute man is treated as a katan with regard to [[minyan]]. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 14 </ref> | ||
==When Kaddish may be said== | ==When Kaddish may be said== | ||
# If there's no minyan when the congregation reaches the end of Pesukei DeZimrah, they should wait for a minyan prior to saying Yishtabach because if they say Yishtabach and only get a minyan afterwards they shouldn't say Kaddish until they first say some pesukim.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:1</ref> | # If there's no [[minyan]] when the congregation reaches the end of [[Pesukei DeZimrah]], they should wait for a [[minyan]] prior to saying Yishtabach because if they say Yishtabach and only get a [[minyan]] afterwards they shouldn't say Kaddish until they first say some pesukim.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:1</ref> | ||
# A congregation may learn pesukim of Torah and then say kaddish yehe shelama. <ref> BI"H Vayechi, 9 </ref> | |||
# A congregation may learn words of the Oral Torah and then say kaddish al yisrael. <ref> BI"H Vayechi, 8 </ref> | |||
==Answering to Kaddish== | ==Answering to Kaddish== | ||
# It is proper to wait a little bit in between answering "amen" and "yehe sheme raba" when answering to kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of answering to kaddish, seif 11 </ref> | # It is proper to wait a little bit in between answering "[[amen]]" and "yehe sheme raba" when answering to kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of answering to kaddish, seif 11 </ref> | ||
==Proper practices of the congregation during Kaddish== | ==Proper practices of the congregation during Kaddish== | ||
# The congregants should listen carefully and answer the appropriate responses with kavana. <ref>Kitzur S"A 15:5</ref> | # The congregants should listen carefully and answer the appropriate responses with kavana. <ref>Kitzur S"A 15:5</ref> | ||
# Anyone who answers "Amen Yehey Sheme Rabba..." with all of his strength and kavana any heavenly bad decree against him is ripped up.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:5</ref> | # Anyone who answers "[[Amen]] Yehey Sheme Rabba..." with all of his strength and kavana any heavenly bad decree against him is ripped up.<ref>Kitzur S"A 15:5</ref> | ||
# Just like of does not walk in front of one who is praying, so too one should not walk in front of someone who is reciting kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 2 </ref> | # Just like of does not walk in front of one who is praying, so too one should not walk in front of someone who is reciting kaddish. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 2 </ref> | ||
# If Kaddish began while one was standing, he/she should remain standing until after answering "[[Amen]] yehe sheme raba..." <ref> BI"H Vayechi, 8 </ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
