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Infants on Shabbat: Difference between revisions

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==Illness==
==Illness==
{{Child as Choleh on Shabbat}}
{{Child as Choleh on Shabbat}}
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===Diapers===
===Diapers===
{{Diapers_on_Shabbat}}
{{Diapers_on_Shabbat}}
===Diaper Wipes===
===Diaper Wipes===
{{Diaper Wipes on Shabbat}}
{{Diaper Wipes on Shabbat}}
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==Feeding a Baby==
==Feeding a Baby==
===Nursing===
===Nursing and Pumping===
{{Nursing on Shabbat}}
{{Nursing on Shabbat}}
===Heating and Cooking Foods===
===Heating and Cooking Foods===
#With regard to preparing food for a child one should be careful to avoid any ''shailos'' of ''[[bishul]]'' ([[cooking]]). Therefore when preparing a bottle of (powdered or liquid) formula one should first pour in the hot water and then put in the formula.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:49 footnote 138, Shaar Hatzion 318:96</ref> This is assuming that the formula has been previously cooked to a temperature of 110 degrees Fahrenheit.
#With regard to preparing food for a child one should be careful to avoid any ''shailos'' of ''[[bishul]]'' ([[cooking]]). Therefore when preparing a bottle of (powdered or liquid) formula one should first pour in the hot water and then put in the formula.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:49 footnote 138, Shaar Hatzion 318:96</ref> This is assuming that the formula has been previously cooked to a temperature of 110 degrees Fahrenheit.
#One is allowed to place a cold bottle of milk inside a cup of boiling hot water, however one should try to make sure that the entire bottle does not go under the water in order to avoid ''[[hatmana]]'' (insulating) according to all Poskim.<ref>Taz 258:1, Mishna Brurah 258:2, Shaar Hatzion 258:5</ref>
#One is allowed to place a cold bottle of milk inside a cup of boiling hot water, however one should try to make sure that the entire bottle does not go under the water in order to avoid ''[[hatmana]]'' (insulating) according to all Poskim.<ref>Taz 258:1, Mishna Brurah 258:2, Shaar Hatzion 258:5</ref>
===Mashing Foods===
===Mashing Foods===
#One may mash a banana or other soft vegetables for a child to eat on [[Shabbat]].<ref> Yechave Da'at 5:27</ref> See [[Losh#Practical_Examples]] for more details.
#One may mash a banana or other soft vegetables for a child to eat on [[Shabbat]].<ref> Yechave Da'at 5:27</ref> See [[Losh#Practical_Examples]] for more details.
==Pumping==
#While it is permitted to nurse a child on [[Shabbos]] a woman may not pump extra milk to have for a later time as she would be transgressing the ''melacha'' of ''mefarek'' (extracting)<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328:34, Biur Halacha s.v. V’Tineck</ref>. However in the event that the woman is in pain she may express her milk directly into a sink<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 330:8</ref>. In the event that this is not practical, the Poskim permit one to use a pump providing that there is soap or vinegar in the bottle that would immediately render the milk useless<ref>Taz 320:12, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 36:20 footnote 61</ref>. She should then pour the milk directly into the sink when she is done. If she does not have a manual pump and is in significant pain she may even ask a non-Jew to turn on an electric pump for her<ref>S.A. 328:17</ref>. If she knows prior to [[Shabbos]] that she will need to express milk due to pain and she does not have a manual pump, she would be permitted, on Friday, to set her pump to turn on with a [[Shabbos]] clock.<ref>Rabbi Heshy Kahn (What's Doing, Greater Connecticut, 3/3/11) quoting Rabbi Yitzchok Berkowitz, Shlita. Although if one can secure for themselves a manual pump that would be more Halachically preferable as Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv was under the impression that by using the electric pump you are causing the motor to work harder. Therefore even when one would rely on this heter one should secure the pump onto oneself prior to the time that the machine is set to go on</ref>


==Baby Bottles==
==Baby Bottles==
#One may clean a bottle with a bottle brush providing that the bristles are spread apart<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 12:footnote 45</ref> and, ''l'chatchila,'' the brush should be designated just for [[Shabbos]] use.<ref>Mishna Brurah 303:87, Igros Moshe O.C. 2:88</ref>. One is reminded to only use cold water from the sink to avoid [[Bishul]].<ref>Rabbi Heshy Kahn (What's Doing, Greater Connecticut, 3/3/11)</ref>
#One may clean a bottle with a bottle brush providing that the bristles are spread apart<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 12:footnote 45</ref> and, ''l'chatchila,'' the brush should be designated just for [[Shabbos]] use.<ref>Mishna Brurah 303:87, Igros Moshe O.C. 2:88</ref> See [[Dosh#Using_a_Sponge_or_Brush_on_Shabbat]] for more about using brushes on Shabbat. One is reminded to only use cold water from the sink to avoid [[Bishul]].<ref>Rabbi Heshy Kahn (What's Doing, Greater Connecticut, 3/3/11)</ref>


==Cribs & Strollers==
==Cribs & Strollers==
#While R' Moshe Feinstein ZT"L<ref>Igros Moshe O.C. 4:105:3</ref> held that the hood needs to be opened one [[Tefach]] (approx. 3.75 inches) prior to [[Shabbos]], many other Poskim<ref>Chazon Ish O.C. 52:6, Be'er Moshe 6:87</ref> permitted it no matter what, claiming that there is no issue of [[Assiyas Ohel]] (making a covering). Spreading over a mosquito net is different, and would be prohibited according to all Poskim unless it was spread out a the required 3.75 inches prior to [[Shabbos]]<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:9, Shevet Halevi 3:54</ref>.
{{Stroller_Hood_on_Shabbat}}


==Playpens==
==Assembling Playpens and Cribs==
#As long as there are no screws, bolts (etc.) one may set up and dismantle a playpen, pac-n-play or carriage<ref>Be'er Moshe 3:85</ref>. For carriages that come with a separate bassinet (i.e. BabyJogger, Bugaboo, Rock Star etc.), one may switch them back and forth without any Halachic concerns as long as no screws are being used. One would also be allowed to add another seat to a carriage (i.e. Phil & Ted), providing that this is done on an "everyday basis", as it would then be considered the "usual mode of use"<ref>Rabbi Heshy Kahn (What's Doing, Greater Connecticut, 3/3/11) heard from R' Plutchok Shlita</ref>.
{{Playpens and Cribs on Shabbat}}


==Baby Monitors==
==Baby Monitors==
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==Baby Swing==
==Baby Swing==
#There is a dispute amongst the Poskim whether or not one may wind up a baby swing on [[Shabbos]]. While R' Moshe Feinstein ZT"L<ref>Sefer Tiltulai [[Shabbos]] 1: footnote 36 </ref> prohibits it on the account that it is similar to  winding a watch that has stopped (which is prohibited), there are many others who are lenient, as unlike a watch, when a swing is not in motion it is not considered "broken", so winding it up is not considered "fixing" it.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 17:39</ref> See [[Makeh Bpatish]] for more details.
#There is a dispute amongst the Poskim whether or not one may wind up a baby swing on [[Shabbos]]. While R' Moshe Feinstein ZT"L<ref>Sefer Tiltulei [[Shabbos]] 1: footnote 36 </ref> prohibits it on the account that it is similar to  winding a watch that has stopped (which is prohibited), there are many others who are lenient, as unlike a watch, when a swing is not in motion it is not considered "broken", so winding it up is not considered "fixing" it.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 17:39</ref> See [[Electricity_on_Shabbat#Watches]] and [[Makeh Bpatish]] and for more details.


==Credits==
==Credits==
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