112
edits
Ikar and Tafel: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
→Sushi
(→Sushi) |
|||
| (19 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
# Situations exhibiting an ikar ve’tafel relationship include both when: | # Situations exhibiting an ikar ve’tafel relationship include both when: | ||
## Two entities are intermixed and eaten together | ## Two entities are intermixed and eaten together | ||
## Two entities are eaten one after another deliberately so that one entity will completely serve the other. <ref> Tur and | ## Two entities are eaten one after another deliberately so that one entity will completely serve the other. <ref> Tur and Shulchan Aruch (212:1). Aruch HaShulchan (212:1-2) discusses two scenarios of ikar ve’tafel: 1) Where the tafel forms one food unit with the ikar, as the two components are eaten in one spoonful. 2) Where the tafel is eaten deliberately subsequent, but proximate to the ikar. </ref> | ||
# In certain cases, the two foods are not considered a mixture and two [[brochot]] are required. If so, one should separate the one which has the more important Bracha (see [[Order of Brochos]] and make the Bracha, then make the other Bracha and eat that food. <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 72, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | # In certain cases, the two foods are not considered a mixture and two [[brochot]] are required. If so, one should separate the one which has the more important Bracha (see [[Order of Brochos]] and make the Bracha, then make the other Bracha and eat that food. <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 72, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | ||
# Once the initial situation of the food was a mixture and the two were eaten together, even if some Tofel remains without the Ikar, no new Bracha is needed. <ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 95, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59-60) </ref> However, if one added more Tofel after the Ikar was finished a new Bracha is needed. <ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59-60) </ref> | # Once the initial situation of the food was a mixture and the two were eaten together, even if some Tofel remains without the Ikar, no new Bracha is needed. <ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 95, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59-60) </ref> However, if one added more Tofel after the Ikar was finished a new Bracha is needed. <ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59-60) </ref> | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
* See Magen Avraham (212:4) who disagrees with the Rama and holds that the bracha of the ikar food should be recited on the tafel. | * See Magen Avraham (212:4) who disagrees with the Rama and holds that the bracha of the ikar food should be recited on the tafel. | ||
* Mishna Brurah 212:10 and Beiur Halacha s.v. VeAyno quotes many achronim who disagree with the Rama. Mishna Brurah concludes that one should avoid this situation by eating the primary food first. </ref> | * Mishna Brurah 212:10 and Beiur Halacha s.v. VeAyno quotes many achronim who disagree with the Rama. Mishna Brurah concludes that one should avoid this situation by eating the primary food first. </ref> | ||
# In general, objective significance is eclipsed by subjective purpose. That is the determination of ikar depends on each and every person subjectively.<ref>Rabbi Alexander Mandelbaum in Yeshurun v. 33 p. 583 writes that the Shulchan Aruch 212:1 holds that the determination of ikar and tofel depends on each person and can change over time. Igrot Moshe OC 4:43 and Rav Nevinsal 208:3 agree.</ref> Therefore, eating cake to temper the bitterness of a shot of whiskey demotes the cake to a status of tafel, notwithstanding the objective significance of flour. <ref>Mishna Brurah 212:5. The Mishnah in Brachos 44a rules that the bracha recited on an ikar excuses the need for an additional bracha on the tafel if the consumer had both in mind when reciting a bracha on the ikar. Thus, when bread is secondary to a salty dish, one recites a bracha only on the salty dish (Tosfos Brachos 44a s.v. be’Ochlei peiros and S”A 212:1). However, it is important to note that the Mishnah Brurah (212:5 s.v “ve’achar”) paskins that a bracha on the bread would be in order if one had an appetite for it as well. Furthermore, based on a Shlah, the Mishnah Brurah advises to avoid such a situation of using bread to temper the effects of the whiskey, as it is difficult to ascertain definitively that one has no appetite for the bread itself. | |||
In a slightly similar vein, R. Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe 4:43) paskins that for strudel (fruit-filled pastry), one who would enjoy the pastry alone can make a Mezonos on the pastry followed by a Ha’eitz on the fruit. Similarly, for ice-cream wafers, if one would enjoy the wafer alone, one can make a Mezonos followed by a Shehakol. R. Moshe explains that many people enjoy the Mezonos part alone, thereby warranting a separate bracha for those who desire the Mezonos part. Similarly, for cereal and milk, a bracha is also recited upon the milk if one would enjoy it independently of the cereal and drink it separately. Comparably, R. Moshe paskins that chicken soup with k’neidel warrants only a Mezonos unless the chicken soup will be eaten separately from the k’neidel. </ref> | |||
==Foods Made With One of the Five Grains== | |||
# Foods made with the five grains are Mezonot since the five grains are objectively more significant than other foods. <ref>Brachos 36b states that anything containing any of the five grains deserves a Mezonos. Shulchan Aruch 208:2 codifies this gemara. Rambam (Hilchos Brachos 3:4-7) understands this principle to be a function of ikar ve’tafel. Accordingly, Tosfos (Brachos 36b s.v. kol she’yaish) write that the flour in a mixture warrants a Mezonos only when the flour serves to satiate, and not merely to hold the components together. While Tosfos do not mention explicitly that this principle is a function of ikar ve’tafel, the Rosh (Brachos 6:7) does, explaining that flour serving as a binder is not considered ikar. However, the Ritva (Brachos 47a s.v. ha’koseis) learns that the five grains are an exception to the typical rules of ikar ve’tafel, warranting a Mezonos even when not assuming the role of ikar in a food. </ref> | |||
==Secondary ingredient serves the primary ingredient== | ==Secondary ingredient serves the primary ingredient== | ||
===Definition=== | ===Definition=== | ||
| Line 29: | Line 33: | ||
# One of the ingredients of licorice is flour, however, since the whole purpose of the flour is to make the ingredients stick, the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 108, chapter 12) </ref> | # One of the ingredients of licorice is flour, however, since the whole purpose of the flour is to make the ingredients stick, the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 108, chapter 12) </ref> | ||
# If one of the ingredients of chopped-meat is flour or bread crumbs, however, since the whole purpose of the flour is to make the ingredients stick or to increase the volume of the meat, the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 108, chapter 12), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 67) </ref> | # If one of the ingredients of chopped-meat is flour or bread crumbs, however, since the whole purpose of the flour is to make the ingredients stick or to increase the volume of the meat, the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 108, chapter 12), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 67) </ref> | ||
==Secondary ingredient enhances the primary ingredient== | ==Secondary ingredient enhances the primary ingredient== | ||
===Definition=== | ===Definition=== | ||
# The second category is if the Tofel is eaten to add taste, yet, one is eating the mixture primarily to eat one of the two foods and that’s called the Ikar. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 212:6, Vezot HaBracha (pg 89, chapter 11) </ref> The primary food and the enhancer is determined according to each individual’s preference. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59) </ref> | # The second category is if the Tofel is eaten to add taste, yet, one is eating the mixture primarily to eat one of the two foods and that’s called the Ikar. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 212:6, Vezot HaBracha (pg 89, chapter 11) </ref> The primary food and the enhancer is determined according to each individual’s preference. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 59). See Rashi (Brachos 41a s.v. She’hayah Tz’non ikar) with regards to an olive eaten to temper the sharpness of a radish. See also Rashi (Brachos 41b s.v. Devarim ha’Ba’im) with regards to foods eaten in a meal to enhance bread. </ref> | ||
===Rules=== | ===Rules=== | ||
# The Ikar only covers the Tofel if the two are eaten together (in one spoonful, forkful, or handful). <Ref> Shaar HaTziyun 212:21, Vezot HaBracha (pg 89, chapter 11) </ref> | # The Ikar only covers the Tofel if the two are eaten together (in one spoonful, forkful, or handful). <Ref> Shaar HaTziyun 212:21, Vezot HaBracha (pg 89, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
| Line 41: | Line 44: | ||
# For crackers with cheese, if one’s primary intent is to eat the cracker, the Bracha is [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 74) </ref> | # For crackers with cheese, if one’s primary intent is to eat the cracker, the Bracha is [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 74) </ref> | ||
# For crackers with fish, if one is eating the fish to enhance the cracker, then the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], however, if one desires both, then two [[Brachot]] are required ([[mezonot]] and [[shehakol]]). <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 74) and Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11) write that usually the fish is used to enhance the cracker and so only [[Mezonot]] is needed. However, they conclude, if one specifically desires the fish, then 2 [[Brachot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) are required. Peni HaShulchan (pg 338; Rabbi Pinchas Vitman) writes that the usual case is where one primarily wants the fish and one should make 2 [[Brachot]]. </ref> | # For crackers with fish, if one is eating the fish to enhance the cracker, then the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], however, if one desires both, then two [[Brachot]] are required ([[mezonot]] and [[shehakol]]). <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 74) and Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11) write that usually the fish is used to enhance the cracker and so only [[Mezonot]] is needed. However, they conclude, if one specifically desires the fish, then 2 [[Brachot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) are required. Peni HaShulchan (pg 338; Rabbi Pinchas Vitman) writes that the usual case is where one primarily wants the fish and one should make 2 [[Brachot]]. </ref> | ||
# Chocolate bars filled with wafer and hazelnut cream, such as Elite "Pesek Zman" the wafer is Ikar, so one makes a [[Mezonot]], but there are those who claim that the chocolate is Ikar, making it Shehakol.<ref>Because the Ikar is the wafer. Rav Yaakov Ariel (http://www.yeshiva.org.il/ask/72065) and Rav Avraham Yosef (http://www.moreshet.co.il/web/shut/print.asp?id=160088&kod=&modul=15&codeClient=58). There are those who say one makes a Shehakol, despite the fact that the wafer is there for the taste and not as a binding agent (See http://din.org.il/2012/09/02/ברכה-על-ממתק-פסק-זמן/ and VeZot HaBracha pg 250) .</ref> | |||
# For noodle Kugel and pickles eaten together, only [[mezonot]] is necessary. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), Peni HaShulchan (pg 339; Rabbi Pinchas Vitman) </ref> | # For noodle Kugel and pickles eaten together, only [[mezonot]] is necessary. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), Peni HaShulchan (pg 339; Rabbi Pinchas Vitman) </ref> | ||
# Latka with apple sauce, the only Bracha needed is for the latka (either HaAdama or [[Shehakol]] depending on it’s consistency). <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | # Latka with apple sauce, the only Bracha needed is for the latka (either HaAdama or [[Shehakol]] depending on it’s consistency). <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | ||
# For blintzes with sour cream, the only Bracha needed is for the blintzes. <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | # For blintzes with sour cream, the only Bracha needed is for the blintzes. <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | ||
# For rice cakes with a peanut butter spread, the only Bracha needed is for the rice cakes (which is HaAdama). <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | # For rice cakes with a peanut butter spread, the only Bracha needed is for the rice cakes (which is HaAdama). <Ref> Halachos of Brochos (pg 58, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | ||
# | # If a doughnut was dipped in coffee, the Bracha on the solid covers the absorbed liquids. There’s a minority opinion that the [[mezonot]] also covers the coffee in the cup and so it’s preferable to cover the coffee with another [[Shehakol]], however, if it’s difficult one may make [[Shehakol]] on the coffee in the cup. <Ref> Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, chapter 4, pg 69) </ref> | ||
# For knishes in the usual case where the dough is substantial, the Bracha is [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, chapter 4, pg 79). Shulchan Halevi 3:14:6 p. 38 writes that knishes are mezonot if the crust is thick and filling thin which is commonly the case, however, if the dough is thin and filling thick then it requires two brachot. </ref> | |||
====Ice Cream in Cone==== | |||
# If one eats an ice-cream in a cone and one’s intent is only to eat the ice-cream and the cone is only used to hold the ice-cream, one should only make a [[Shehakol]]. However, in the usual case where one eats the cone also for a taste, two [[Brachot]] are required. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 61), Vezot HaBracha (pg 390), Shulchan Halevi 3:14:3 p. 37. Igrot Moshe 4:43 writes that if someone enjoys the cone then he should make two brachot and if he just wants the ice cream and he is eating the cone because it is there then the bracha is shehakol and the cone is covered. This is based on the Mishna Brurah 168:45. </ref> Some say that the bracha is just shehakol.<ref> Dirshu 168:35 cites Rav Wosner (Kovetz Mbet Levi v. 16 p. 81) and Or Letzion 2:14:20 who hold that the bracha on ice cream in a cone is shehakol since it is eaten together and the cone isn't the main thing.</ref> | |||
====Cheese Cake==== | |||
# Many authorities hold that cheese cake is [[Mezonot]] in the usual case where the cheese and crust are baked together. However, some say that the bracha is [[Shehakol]] unless there’s a thick crust in which case the Bracha is [[Mezonot]]. <ref> | # Many authorities hold that cheese cake is [[Mezonot]] in the usual case where the cheese and crust are baked together. However, some say that the bracha is [[Shehakol]] unless there’s a thick crust in which case the Bracha is [[Mezonot]]. <ref> | ||
* In Gemara [[Brachot]] 36b, Rav and Shmuel say that anything which has (flour from) the five grains is [[mezonot]]. (This is known the rule of Kol SheYesh Bo.) This is quoted by the Rif ([[Brachot]] 26a), Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:7), and Rambam ([[Brachot]] 3:4) and codified by Tur and Shulchan Aruch 208:2. | * In Gemara [[Brachot]] 36b, Rav and Shmuel say that anything which has (flour from) the five grains is [[mezonot]]. (This is known the rule of Kol SheYesh Bo.) This is quoted by the Rif ([[Brachot]] 26a), Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:7), and Rambam ([[Brachot]] 3:4) and codified by Tur and Shulchan Aruch 208:2. | ||
| Line 51: | Line 61: | ||
* Vezot HaBracha (chap 11, pg 92) writes that if the cheese layer is baked together with the crust layer the Bracha is [[Mezonot]] based on Kol SheYesh Bo. | * Vezot HaBracha (chap 11, pg 92) writes that if the cheese layer is baked together with the crust layer the Bracha is [[Mezonot]] based on Kol SheYesh Bo. | ||
* Laws of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Forst, chap 7, pg 219) writes in general the crust is used to add flavor and if so the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], however if the crust is only meant to hold the cheese the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. The [http://www.ou.org/publications/brachot/default.htm OU] agrees. | * Laws of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Forst, chap 7, pg 219) writes in general the crust is used to add flavor and if so the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], however if the crust is only meant to hold the cheese the Bracha is [[Shehakol]]. The [http://www.ou.org/publications/brachot/default.htm OU] agrees. | ||
** The second clause is based on the following: | ** The second clause is based on the following: Shulchan Aruch 168:8 and 212:2 rules that if one eats jam/marmalade on a cracker one should only make a Bracha on the marmalade and it exempts the cracker. Mishna Brurah 168:45 explains that in the case of S”A one was only eating the jam on the cracker so as not to dirty one’s hands. Then, he quotes the Magen Avraham 212:5 who writes that nowadays the crackers have a good taste and one should make [[Mezonot]] and exempt the jam. Mishna Brurah concludes by saying that it’s only one Bracha when it is baked together, however, if they’re baked separately it would require two [[Brachot]]. | ||
* Laws of [[Brachos]] (chap 7, pg 219, note 48) writes his ruling that if the thin crust is added for it’s taste even if wouldn’t be eaten on it’s own, the Bracha should be [[mezonot]] is based on the Mishna Brurah 168:45 but feels that Rav Moshe in Igrot Moshe 4:43 would disagree and hold that if one wouldn’t want to eat the crust on its own the Bracha is only [[Shehakol]]. | * Laws of [[Brachos]] (chap 7, pg 219, note 48) writes his ruling that if the thin crust is added for it’s taste even if wouldn’t be eaten on it’s own, the Bracha should be [[mezonot]] is based on the Mishna Brurah 168:45 but feels that Rav Moshe in Igrot Moshe 4:43 would disagree and hold that if one wouldn’t want to eat the crust on its own the Bracha is only [[Shehakol]]. | ||
** Igrot Moshe 4:43 writes that for an ice cream sandwich one should make two [[Brachot]], [[mezonot]] on the wafer and [[Shehakol]] on the ice cream and if one only wants the ice cream but only eats the wafer simply because it’s there the Bracha is [[Shehakol]] and it exempts the wafer. However, Laws of [[Brachos]] (chap 7, pg 217, note 40) argues that even if the crust is negligible the Bracha should be [[mezonot]] as long as it adds a taste. | ** Igrot Moshe 4:43 writes that for an ice cream sandwich one should make two [[Brachot]], [[mezonot]] on the wafer and [[Shehakol]] on the ice cream and if one only wants the ice cream but only eats the wafer simply because it’s there the Bracha is [[Shehakol]] and it exempts the wafer. However, Laws of [[Brachos]] (chap 7, pg 217, note 40) argues that even if the crust is negligible the Bracha should be [[mezonot]] as long as it adds a taste. | ||
* Halachos of [[Brachos]] (chap 4, pg 79) writes that in many cases the crust is only used to enhance the appearance of the cake and so the Bracha is [[Shehakol]], however, if there is a thick layer he quotes Rav Moshe who says that the Bracha is [[Mezonot]]. </ref> | * Halachos of [[Brachos]] (chap 4, pg 79) writes that in many cases the crust is only used to enhance the appearance of the cake and so the Bracha is [[Shehakol]], however, if there is a thick layer he quotes Rav Moshe who says that the Bracha is [[Mezonot]]. </ref> | ||
====Shnitzel==== | |||
# <span id="Shnitzel"></span> Fried chicken or fish (Shnetizel) with a thin batter coating is [[Shehakol]], but if there’s a thick coating the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], yet it's preferable to separate off a piece of coating and a piece of chicken and make [[Mezonot]] on the coating and [[Shehakol]] on the chicken. However, the Sephardic minhag is to make [[Shehakol]] in all cases. <Ref> <br>* Halachos of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Bodner, chap 4, pg 79) quotes Rav Elyashiv that the Bracha would be [[Mezonot]] in all cases in opposition to Rav Moshe, Rav Yacov Kamenetsky, and Rav Sheinburg who said [[Shehakol]] if it was a thin crust. He also quotes Rav Moshe and Rav Sheinburg that if there's a thick coating that one should make [[Mezonot]]. In the Halachos of [[Brachos]] Handbook (pg 13 and 43) he rules like the second opinion that if there's a thin coating the bracha is [[Shehakol]] and if there's a thick coating the bracha is [[Mezonot]]. <br>* VeZot HaBracha (chap 12, pg 109) agrees that if there's a thin crust one should make [[Shehakol]], however, he argues that if there's a thick coating one should separate a piece of the coating and a piece of the meat and make [[Mezonot]] on the coating and [[Shehakol]] on the meat. [See Vezot HaBracha (Birur 19(1), pg 261) where he seems to agree that if there's a thick coating the bracha would be [[Mezonot]] but because of controversy he suggests separating the coating and making two [[brachot]].] <br>* However, Laws of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Forst, chap 218, pg 218) writes that it seems that the opinion who says that breaded cutlets are [[mezonot]] is correct, but one who wants to satisfy all opinions should make [[mezonot]] on a piece of crust and [[Shehakol]] on another food. <br>* Lastly, Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] (vol 3), pg 426) writes that the bracha is [[Shehakol]] whether it is home made chicken cutlets or restaurant cutlets (where the coating is thicker). </ref> | # <span id="Shnitzel"></span> Fried chicken or fish (Shnetizel) with a thin batter coating is [[Shehakol]], but if there’s a thick coating the Bracha is [[Mezonot]], yet it's preferable to separate off a piece of coating and a piece of chicken and make [[Mezonot]] on the coating and [[Shehakol]] on the chicken. However, the Sephardic minhag is to make [[Shehakol]] in all cases. <Ref> <br>* Halachos of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Bodner, chap 4, pg 79) quotes Rav Elyashiv that the Bracha would be [[Mezonot]] in all cases in opposition to Rav Moshe, Rav Yacov Kamenetsky, and Rav Sheinburg who said [[Shehakol]] if it was a thin crust. He also quotes Rav Moshe and Rav Sheinburg that if there's a thick coating that one should make [[Mezonot]]. In the Halachos of [[Brachos]] Handbook (pg 13 and 43) he rules like the second opinion that if there's a thin coating the bracha is [[Shehakol]] and if there's a thick coating the bracha is [[Mezonot]]. <br>* VeZot HaBracha (chap 12, pg 109) agrees that if there's a thin crust one should make [[Shehakol]], however, he argues that if there's a thick coating one should separate a piece of the coating and a piece of the meat and make [[Mezonot]] on the coating and [[Shehakol]] on the meat. [See Vezot HaBracha (Birur 19(1), pg 261) where he seems to agree that if there's a thick coating the bracha would be [[Mezonot]] but because of controversy he suggests separating the coating and making two [[brachot]].] <br>* However, Laws of [[Brachos]] (Rabbi Forst, chap 218, pg 218) writes that it seems that the opinion who says that breaded cutlets are [[mezonot]] is correct, but one who wants to satisfy all opinions should make [[mezonot]] on a piece of crust and [[Shehakol]] on another food. <br>* Lastly, Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] (vol 3), pg 426) writes that the bracha is [[Shehakol]] whether it is home made chicken cutlets or restaurant cutlets (where the coating is thicker). Yet, [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=57967 Rav Yitzchak Yosef Motzei Shabbat Vayhakel Pekudei 5778 min 37] explained that one should recite mezonot on shnitzel nowadays. They used to be shehakol since they were made with a bit of crust but today they're made with a lot of breading and they are mezonot. There is no safek brachot lehakel here since either way one would exempt any food besides salt and water with a mezonot.</ref> | ||
# For onion rings in the usual case where the coating is substantial, the Bracha is [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, chapter 4, pg 79) </ref> | # For onion rings in the usual case where the coating is substantial, the Bracha is [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, chapter 4, pg 79) </ref> | ||
====Bostom Creme Pie==== | |||
# For the bracha on Boston cream pies, if one has the filling as an enhancer of the cake then the bracha is [[Mezonot]], however, if the filling is considered a thick layer for which one has intent to eat (not merely as an enhancer), then make two [[brachot]], [[mezonot]] on the cake, and [[Shehakol]] on the filling. <ref> | # For the bracha on Boston cream pies, if one has the filling as an enhancer of the cake then the bracha is [[Mezonot]], however, if the filling is considered a thick layer for which one has intent to eat (not merely as an enhancer), then make two [[brachot]], [[mezonot]] on the cake, and [[Shehakol]] on the filling. <ref> | ||
* | * Shulchan Aruch 168:8 and 212:2 rules that if one eats jam/marmalade on a cracker one should only make a Bracha on the marmalade and it exempts the cracker. Magen Avraham 212:5 writes that one honey crackers are primary and one only makes a Bracha on that and it covers the marmalade. | ||
* Mishna Brurah 168:45 rules like the | * Mishna Brurah 168:45 rules like the Magen Avraham but adds that it’s only one Bracha when it is baked together, however, if they’re baked separately it would require two [[Brachot]], one for the cracker, one for the marmalade because one is not eaten as an enhancer of the other but rather one is eating it for both of the cracker and the jam. However, Mishna Brurah 212:6 rules that if one eats cheese on a cracker one only makes a Bracha on the cracker even if one likes the cheese because one is eating the cheese as a spread. | ||
**[It’s clear that the Mishna Brurah 212:6 is discussing where one didn’t bake it together, because if so, the Shaar HaTziyun 212:21 should have answered that the difference in cases between in 212:5 and 212:6 was that in 212:5 it wasn’t baked together and in 212:6 it was.] Similarly, Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 7:27(6) explains that Mishna Brurah 168:45 only meant to make two [[Brachot]] when there’s a thick layer of jam but if there’s a thin layer one should only make one Bracha. | **[It’s clear that the Mishna Brurah 212:6 is discussing where one didn’t bake it together, because if so, the Shaar HaTziyun 212:21 should have answered that the difference in cases between in 212:5 and 212:6 was that in 212:5 it wasn’t baked together and in 212:6 it was.] Similarly, Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 7:27(6) explains that Mishna Brurah 168:45 only meant to make two [[Brachot]] when there’s a thick layer of jam but if there’s a thin layer one should only make one Bracha. | ||
* To clarify this distinction: Vezot HaBracha (chap 11, pg 99) rules that if there’s a cake with a thick layer of whipped cream, cheese, or ice cream and the two were not baked together one should make two [[Brachot]] (similar to the case of Mishna Brurah 168:45). However, if one eats the cream or topping of fruit, chocolate, or nuts in order to enhance the cake one should only make a Bracha on the cake. [See Vezot HaBracha (Birur 42) where he explains the distinction at length.] | * To clarify this distinction: Vezot HaBracha (chap 11, pg 99) rules that if there’s a cake with a thick layer of whipped cream, cheese, or ice cream and the two were not baked together one should make two [[Brachot]] (similar to the case of Mishna Brurah 168:45). However, if one eats the cream or topping of fruit, chocolate, or nuts in order to enhance the cake one should only make a Bracha on the cake. [See Vezot HaBracha (Birur 42) where he explains the distinction at length.] | ||
| Line 69: | Line 80: | ||
===Definition=== | ===Definition=== | ||
# The third category is where the Tofel is just as important as the Ikar in the eyes of the one who is eating it. In this case, the Ikar is judged by whichever is the majority unless one of them is [[Mezonot]] (five grains) in which case the [[Mezonot]] is automatically the Ikar. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 208:7, Mishna Brurah 212:1, Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 64-5) </ref> | # The third category is where the Tofel is just as important as the Ikar in the eyes of the one who is eating it. In this case, the Ikar is judged by whichever is the majority unless one of them is [[Mezonot]] (five grains) in which case the [[Mezonot]] is automatically the Ikar. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 208:7, Mishna Brurah 212:1, Vezot HaBracha (pg 90, chapter 11), VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 64-5) </ref> | ||
# If the two items weren’t cooked together and one’s primary intent is for both items, each food requires a separate Bracha. For example, for an ice cream sandwich, two [[brochot]] are required. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 92-3, chapter 11), Halachos of Brochos (pg 70, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner) </ref> | # If the two items weren’t cooked together and one’s primary intent is for both items, each food requires a separate Bracha. For example, for an ice cream sandwich, two [[brochot]] are required. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 92-3, chapter 11), Halachos of Brochos (pg 70, chapter 4, Rabbi Pinchas Bodner), Shulchan Halevi 3:14:3 p. 37. See Mishna Brurah 168:45. </ref> | ||
===Rules=== | ===Rules=== | ||
| Line 81: | Line 92: | ||
## If the pieces of potato and meat are large enough that they aren't eaten together with the whole combination on each forkful, each component requires it’s own Bracha. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 65, 80, Handbook pg 28), Vezot HaBracha (pg 107, chapter 11, pg 392, Luach [[Brachot]]) </ref> | ## If the pieces of potato and meat are large enough that they aren't eaten together with the whole combination on each forkful, each component requires it’s own Bracha. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner, chapter 4, pg 65, 80, Handbook pg 28), Vezot HaBracha (pg 107, chapter 11, pg 392, Luach [[Brachot]]) </ref> | ||
# If one mixes carrot, peas, and couscous/farfel the Bracha is [[Mezonot]] since the [[mezonot]] is always considered Ikar. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 107, chapter 12) </ref> | # If one mixes carrot, peas, and couscous/farfel the Bracha is [[Mezonot]] since the [[mezonot]] is always considered Ikar. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 107, chapter 12) </ref> | ||
# The bracha on meat chunks mixed up | # The bracha on rice and meat chunks mixed up depends on the majority even though the meat is more expensive and important.<ref>Vezot HaBracha (p. 94) citing Rav Shlomo Zalman. The fact that this is considered one mixture is based on the Aruch Hashulchan 212:2 that anything eaten together on the same fork or spoon is considered one mixture. However, Or Letzion 2:14:30 seems to disagree as he writes that the bracha on large pieces of meat and rice even though they are mixed up are two separate brachot.</ref> | ||
# For an ice cream sandwich, 2 [[brochot]] are required ([[mezonot]] and [[shehakol]]) in the usual case where one’s intent is both for the ice cream and for the cookie. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, pg 72, chapter 4), Vezot HaBracha (pg 92, chapter 11) </ref> | # For an ice cream sandwich, 2 [[brochot]] are required ([[mezonot]] and [[shehakol]]) in the usual case where one’s intent is both for the ice cream and for the cookie. <Ref> VeTen Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, pg 72, chapter 4), Vezot HaBracha (pg 92, chapter 11).</ref> Some say it is just mezonot.<ref> Shevet Halevi 7:27:6 writes that the bracha on an ice cream cake with ice cream between two layers of cake or a ice cream sandwich the bracha is mezonot. He explains that even the cake and the ice cream aren't cooked together and according to Mishna Brurah 168:45 one should make two brachot, this is different than the Mishna Brurah since here the ice cream is a filling for the sandwich or cake and not a topping. If the ice cream would be a thick layer on top of a mezonot then one should make two brachot but since the ice cream is just a filling and there's two layers of mezonot the bracha is mezonot on everything.</ref> | ||
# For chocolate cream pie, if one eats it as a regular pie and the cream enhances dough, then only [[Mezonot]] is needed. However, if one is just as much for the cream as for the pie, then two [[Brachot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) are required. <ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, Handbook pg 27) </ref> | # For chocolate cream pie, if one eats it as a regular pie and the cream enhances dough, then only [[Mezonot]] is needed. However, if one is just as much for the cream as for the pie, then two [[Brachot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) are required. <ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Pinchas Bodner, Handbook pg 27) </ref> | ||
# For “Crembo” which is an Israeli candy that has a significant amount of cream on a biscuit and requires two [[brochot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) in the usual case where the where the biscuit only adds some taste. In this case one should separate the biscuit make a Bracha on it, and then make a [[Shehakol]] on the cream. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 396, 93) </ref> | # For “Crembo” which is an Israeli candy that has a significant amount of cream on a biscuit and requires two [[brochot]] ([[Mezonot]] and [[Shehakol]]) in the usual case where the where the biscuit only adds some taste. In this case one should separate the biscuit make a Bracha on it, and then make a [[Shehakol]] on the cream. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 396, 93) </ref> | ||
| Line 91: | Line 102: | ||
# Salad which is mixed up with vegetables has the bracha as the majority item. If the majority of the ingredients are haadama, the bracha is haadama and if the majority is haetz the bracha is haetz. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (p. 93) citing Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman</ref> | # Salad which is mixed up with vegetables has the bracha as the majority item. If the majority of the ingredients are haadama, the bracha is haadama and if the majority is haetz the bracha is haetz. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (p. 93) citing Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman</ref> | ||
# For a fruit salad where the pieces are small enough that one spoonful includes more than one piece, is judged by majority. If there’s a majority of fruit that have the Bracha of HaEtz which is the usual case, the Bracha is HaEtz. However, if there’s a majority of fruits which are HaAdama (such as pineapple or strawberry), then the Bracha is HaAdama. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 93, chapter 11) </ref> However, the pieces are large enough that only one comes on the spoon or fork at a time, then each fruit requires it’s own Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 94, chapter 11) </ref> | # For a fruit salad where the pieces are small enough that one spoonful includes more than one piece, is judged by majority. If there’s a majority of fruit that have the Bracha of HaEtz which is the usual case, the Bracha is HaEtz. However, if there’s a majority of fruits which are HaAdama (such as pineapple or strawberry), then the Bracha is HaAdama. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 93, chapter 11) </ref> However, the pieces are large enough that only one comes on the spoon or fork at a time, then each fruit requires it’s own Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 94, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
====Sushi==== | |||
# Many poskim say sushi is mezonot since the rice is in the majority and is primary.<ref> Laws of Brachos (Rabbi Forst, pg 359-384), [https://www.ou.org/torah/halacha/halacha-lmaaseh/food-fore-blessings-bracha-rishona-special-cases/ Article on OU.org]. Rabbi Alexander Mandelbaum in Yeshurun v. 33 p. 583 agrees that generally it is mezonot. </ref> If the fish is primary to you then you make two brachot, mezonot and shehakol, first mezonot on rice and then shehakol on the fish.<Ref>[https://www.ou.org/torah/halacha/halacha-lmaaseh/food-fore-blessings-bracha-rishona-special-cases/ Article on OU.org]</ref> Others hold that if the fish is primary and you don't want the rice then just recite shehakol and exempts the rice.<ref>Rabbi Alexander Mandelbaum in Yeshurun v. 33 p. 584 writes that since the rice and fish are one unit that are eaten in one bite it is considered a mixture that deserves only one bracha (Aruch Hashulchan 212:2). Even though the Mishna Brurah 168:45 disagrees if they weren't cooked together, Rabbi Mandelbaum quoted Rav Elyashiv who said that if the parts were thin and small such as in sushi it is called a mixture even according to the Mishna Brurah. Therefore, in his opinion, the sushi can only require one bracha, either mezonot or shehakol.</ref> | |||
====Chocolate Covered Nut==== | ====Chocolate Covered Nut==== | ||
# If there’s a mixture of multiple items where each food is recognizable and none of them are the majority independently, each requires a Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 94, chapter 11) </ref> | # If there’s a mixture of multiple items where each food is recognizable and none of them are the majority independently, each requires a Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 94, chapter 11) </ref> | ||
