Hotzaah

From Halachipedia

Definition of the 4 domains

  1. There is a categorization of 4 domains on Shabbat: the Reshut HaRabim (private domain), Reshut HaYachid (public domain), intermediate area (Karmelit), and exempt area (Makom Patur).[1]
  2. A Reshut HaYachid is defined as an area of at least 4 Tefachim by 4 Tefachim surrounded by walls of at least 10 Tefachim. This includes a pit which is 4x4 Tefachim with walls of 10 Tefachim.[2]
  3. A Reshut HaRabim is defined as a street which is 16 amot wide. Some say that if there's not 600,000 people passing through it daily it's not a Reshut HaRabim. [3]
  4. A Karmelit is defined as an area of 4 Techaim by 4 Tefachim with walls which are less than 10 Tefachim in height. It also includes areas where the public doesn't walk and doesn't have proper fencing such as fields, or rivers which are 10 Tefachim deep.[4]
  5. A Makom Patur is a place which is less than 4 Tefachim by 4 Tefachim but is of at least 3 Tefachim in height. They are only a Makom Patur when placed in a Reshut HaRabim, but in a Karmelit they are considered like a Karmelit. [5]

A hearing aid

  1. A person who is hard of hearing may wear a hearing-aid on Shabbat, even in a public domain without an eruv. One need not be concerned with considerations of electricity or carrying as long as the hearing-aid is securely in his ear, and he turned it on before Shabbat and left it on until after Shabbat. [6]

Glasses

  1. A person who regularly wears glasses may wear them in a public domain on Shabbat. He must wear them on his nose, and may not carry them in his pocket or wear them on his forehead or around his neck. [7]
  2. A person who does not regularly wear glasses but wears, for example, reading glasses for reading only and otherwise carries them in his pocket, may not wear the reading glasses in a public domain. [8]Bifocals which may be worn for both reading and regular use may be worn in a public domain on Shabbat. [9]
  3. Someone who attaches a string worn around his neck to his glasses, he may wear the glasses with the string attached in a public domain on Shabbat, as long as he wears the glasses on his nose and not around his neck or on his forehead. [10]
  4. Contact lenses may be worn in a public domain on Shabbat by someone who regularly wears them. However a person who has not yet adjusted to contact lenses may not wear them in a public domain on shabbat, lest he take them out and carry them in his hand. [11]
  5. Photocromatic lenses, i.e. lenses that change from clear to dark in sunlight, may be worn on Shabbat as long as they are worn for regular use. [12]
  6. According to some, sunglasses worn only to protect one's eyes from the sun's rays may not be worn in a public domain on Shabbat. [13] This includes sunglasses worn over regular glasses. [14] Those who are lenient have wjat to rely on, especially in a place with an eruv. [15]
  7. Sunglasses that are worn at all times for eyesight problems are considered like regular glasses, and may be worn in a public domain on Shabbat. [16]
  8. Sunglasses that are connected to a regular pair of glasses that are regularly worn by a hinge, may be worn in a public domain on Shabbat if the person doesn't remove the sunglasses totally when in the shade, rather flips up the sunglasses while they are still attached. It is best to stringent, however. [17]
  9. Sunglasses worn on doctor's orders and are not removed even when one is in his house are judged like regular glasses, and may be worn in a public domain on Shabbat. [18]

References

  1. ↑ Kitzur S"A 81:1
  2. ↑ Kitzur 81:2
  3. ↑ Kitzur S"A 81:3
  4. ↑ Kitzur S"A 81:4
  5. ↑ Kitzur S"A 81:5
  6. ↑ Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata (perek 18 halacha 14), Yalkut Yosef (siman 328 seif 328 and siman 301 seif 38). See footnote 39 there where he quotes Hacham Ovadiah, Rav Shlomoh Zalamn Auerbach, Rav Henkin, and the Tzitz Eleizer who ruled leniently as well.
  7. ↑ Yalkut Yosef (siman 301 seif 31), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (perek 18 halacha 16)
  8. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 32, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (perek 18 halacha 17).
  9. ↑ Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 17
  10. ↑ Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 16
  11. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 33, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 17
  12. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 34, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 18
  13. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 35, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 18
  14. ↑ Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 18
  15. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 35
  16. ↑ Yalkut Yosef siman 301 seif 34, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 18
  17. ↑ Yalkut yosef siman 301 seif 36, shmirat shabbat perek 18 halacha 18
  18. ↑ Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata perek 18 halacha 18
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