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Hachana: Difference between revisions
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# One may not prepare from [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] for a weekday, a [[Yom Tov]] for [[Chol HaMoed]], a [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]], a [[Shabbat]] for [[Yom Tov]], from one day of [[Yom Tov]] for the [[second day of Yom Tov]], or from one [[Shabbat]] for another [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 503:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 101:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:69. | # One may not prepare from [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] for a weekday, a [[Yom Tov]] for [[Chol HaMoed]], a [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]], a [[Shabbat]] for [[Yom Tov]], from one day of [[Yom Tov]] for the [[second day of Yom Tov]], or from one [[Shabbat]] for another [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 503:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 101:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:69. | ||
* The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 113a) writes that one may fold clothing on [[Shabbat]]. Rashi (s.v. Afilu) limits this to where one is folding the clothes in order to wear them again that day. Tosfot (s.v. Mekaplin) infers that it would be forbidden to fold clothing that would be needed only after [[Shabbat]]. This is codified by the Rif 41b, Rambam 22:22, Rosh 15:2, Tur, and S”A 302:3. From this and other halachot, the poskim explain that in general there is a Rabbinic prohibition of preparing on [[Shabbat]] for the weekday (See Orchot [[Shabbat]] vol 2, p. 400). | * The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 113a) writes that one may fold clothing on [[Shabbat]]. Rashi (s.v. Afilu) limits this to where one is folding the clothes in order to wear them again that day. Tosfot (s.v. Mekaplin) infers that it would be forbidden to fold clothing that would be needed only after [[Shabbat]]. This is codified by the Rif 41b, Rambam 22:22, Rosh 15:2, Tur, and S”A 302:3. From this and other halachot, the poskim explain that in general there is a Rabbinic prohibition of preparing on [[Shabbat]] for the weekday (See Orchot [[Shabbat]] vol 2, p. 400). | ||
* In explaining the concept of Hachana, the Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 23:7) writes that cleaning dishes that one does not need to use on [[Shabbat]] is considered Metaken, whereas the Raavad argues that it is prohibited because it involves exerting effort for something that is needed during the week. Nonetheless, the [[Maggid]] Mishneh and Migdal Oz explain that the Rambam agrees with the Raavad and that his intention was that it is an issue of fixing the dishes for after [[Shabbat]]. Tzitz Eliezer 14:37 writes that this also is the opinion of Rashi.</ref> It is permitted to prepare on [[Shabbat]] for later on [[Shabbat]], and even for [[Tosefet Shabbat]] (the extension of [[Shabbat]]).<ref> Sh”t Minchat Shlomo | * In explaining the concept of Hachana, the Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 23:7) writes that cleaning dishes that one does not need to use on [[Shabbat]] is considered Metaken, whereas the Raavad argues that it is prohibited because it involves exerting effort for something that is needed during the week. Nonetheless, the [[Maggid]] Mishneh and Migdal Oz explain that the Rambam agrees with the Raavad and that his intention was that it is an issue of fixing the dishes for after [[Shabbat]]. Tzitz Eliezer 14:37 writes that this also is the opinion of Rashi.</ref> It is permitted to prepare on [[Shabbat]] for later on [[Shabbat]], and even for [[Tosefet Shabbat]] (the extension of [[Shabbat]]).<ref> Sh”t Minchat Shlomo Tinyana 36:10 writes that there is no prohibition of preparing from [[Shabbat]] to [[Tosefet Shabbat]] because even [[Tosefet Shabbat]] is called “Yom HaShabbat HaGadol HaZeh” in Birkat Hamazon. Orchot [[Shabbat]] (vol 2, p. 408) agrees. </ref> | ||
# It’s forbidden to prepare on [[Shabbat]], even for a Mitzvah, if it is happening after [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:69 </ref> | # It’s forbidden to prepare on [[Shabbat]], even for a Mitzvah, if it is happening after [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:69 </ref> | ||
# Preparation means any action (even speech which isn’t needed for that day), however, if one action is done for both that day and also for after [[Shabbat]] it’s permissible. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:70 </ref> | # Preparation means any action (even speech which isn’t needed for that day), however, if one action is done for both that day and also for after [[Shabbat]] it’s permissible. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:70 </ref> | ||
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# It’s permissible to do an action that isn’t any extra effort and is commonly done without thinking, so long as long one doesn’t say that he is doing so for after [[Shabbat]]. Therefore it’s permissible to take a [[Tallit]] home from Shul, return a sefer to it’s shelf, or return food to the refrigerator. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:81 </ref> | # It’s permissible to do an action that isn’t any extra effort and is commonly done without thinking, so long as long one doesn’t say that he is doing so for after [[Shabbat]]. Therefore it’s permissible to take a [[Tallit]] home from Shul, return a sefer to it’s shelf, or return food to the refrigerator. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:81 </ref> | ||
# It’s permissible an action that doesn’t require extra effort if not doing it will lead to a loss. Therefore if one left clothing outside, one may take it inside to protect it from the rain if there’s a fear that it will rot. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:83 </ref> | # It’s permissible an action that doesn’t require extra effort if not doing it will lead to a loss. Therefore if one left clothing outside, one may take it inside to protect it from the rain if there’s a fear that it will rot. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:83 </ref> | ||
==Studying Torah and other subjects== | ==Studying Torah and other subjects== | ||
# It’s permissible to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even if one is doing so for some need for after [[Shabbat]]. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:84 (in new editions 92), 39 Melachos (vol 4, pg 982), Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 216) </ref> | # It’s permissible to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even if one is doing so for some need for after [[Shabbat]]. <Ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 28:84 (in new editions 92), 39 Melachos (vol 4, pg 982), Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 216) </ref> | ||
