General Overview of Kashrut: Difference between revisions
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==Non-Kosher Fish== | ==Non-Kosher Fish== | ||
#Fish which has fins and scales are Kosher, while all others are non-Kosher.<ref>Vayikra 11:12, | #Fish which has fins and scales are Kosher, while all others are non-Kosher.<ref>Vayikra 11:12, Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 83:1 </ref> Fish do not need ritual slaughtering.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 13:1 </ref> | ||
# The OU's policy regarding canned fish relies on a certain leniency to ascertain that no non-kosher fish are mixed in.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/735449/rabbi-hershel-schachter/%d7%91%d7%9b%d7%a9%d7%a8%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%93%d7%92%d7%99%d7%9d-%d7%94%d7%98%d7%95%d7%a0%d7%90-%d7%a9%d7%91%d7%a7%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a1%d7%90%d7%95%d7%aa/ Rav Hershel Schachter] quoting Rav Soloveitchik and Rav Aharon Kotler based on the principles of uman lo mara chezkato and rov.</ref> Some Sephardic poskim do not rely on this leniency.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (YD 83:4, Isur Veheter v. 2 p. 166, p. 311) quotes this discussion from Rav Hershel Schachter and Rav Dovid Heber and concludes that his father, Rav Ovadia Yosef was strict. See Yabia Omer YD 5:9.</ref> | |||
==Blood== | ==Blood== | ||
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#A person who ate fish should wash out his mouth with a solid and liquid before eating meat. Ashkenazim hold that one doesn't have to wash one's hands but Sephardim hold that one should also wash one's hand before eating meat after having fish.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 116:3 based on the practice of the Rosh that one should wash one's hands and mouth before eating meat after having fish. However, the Rama says that practice isn't to wash one's hands or mouth before having meat but it is proper to wash out one's mouth with a solid and liquid. | #A person who ate fish should wash out his mouth with a solid and liquid before eating meat. Ashkenazim hold that one doesn't have to wash one's hands but Sephardim hold that one should also wash one's hand before eating meat after having fish.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 116:3 based on the practice of the Rosh that one should wash one's hands and mouth before eating meat after having fish. However, the Rama says that practice isn't to wash one's hands or mouth before having meat but it is proper to wash out one's mouth with a solid and liquid. | ||
*The Magen Avraham 173:1 and Chatom Sofer YD 101 question whether this prohibition should really still apply today since it doesn't seem to be dangerous. Kaf Hachaim 173:9 says that since this is a question of health one should be strict.</ref> | *The Magen Avraham 173:1 and Chatom Sofer YD 101 question whether this prohibition should really still apply today since it doesn't seem to be dangerous. Kaf Hachaim 173:9 says that since this is a question of health one should be strict.</ref> | ||
#It is permitted to cook fish in a meat pot even if it is was used within that same day.<ref>Taz 95:3, Chachmat Adam 68:1, [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=10169&pgnum=290 Kaf Hachaim 116:20], Yalkut Yosef YD 87:85 (Isur V'heter v. 3, p. 316), [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?a=86472 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Chukat 5779 min 30)]. Tur YD 116:2 quotes an opinion that one should designate a vessel for cooking fish.</ref> | #It is permitted to cook fish in a meat pot even if it is was used within that same day.<ref>Taz 95:3, Chachmat Adam 68:1, [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=10169&pgnum=290 Kaf Hachaim 116:20], Yalkut Yosef YD 87:85 (Isur V'heter v. 3, p. 316), [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?a=86472 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Chukat 5779 min 30)]. Tur YD 116:2 quotes an opinion that one should designate a vessel for cooking fish.</ref> It is even permitted to cook fish in a meat pot with onions.<ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=212079 Rav Shmuel Furst (Shailos of the Week, min 4)] quoting Darkei Teshuva</ref> | ||
# Fish in meat is nullified one in sixty even though it is a concern of danger.<ref>Shach (Nekudat Hakesef YD 116:2) holds that fish in meat is nullified one in sixty. Taz 116::2 understands that the Maharil holds that it isn't nullified at all. Chachmat Adam 68:1, Aruch Hashulchan YD 116:10, and Kaf Hachaim YD 116:12 agree with the Shach. Yabia Omer YD 1:7:10 quotes the Chatom Sofer 101, Rogachover in Safnat Paneach 264, Zer Zahav 39:7, Sheilat Shalom 2:165, Bet Shlomo 2:218, Olat Yitzchak 146, and Sh"t Maharitz Chiyitz 52 who agree with the Shach. Yabia Omer also agrees with the Shach.</ref> | # Fish in meat is nullified one in sixty even though it is a concern of danger.<ref>Shach (Nekudat Hakesef YD 116:2) holds that fish in meat is nullified one in sixty. Taz 116::2 understands that the Maharil holds that it isn't nullified at all. Chachmat Adam 68:1, Aruch Hashulchan YD 116:10, and Kaf Hachaim YD 116:12 agree with the Shach. Yabia Omer YD 1:7:10 quotes the Chatom Sofer 101, Rogachover in Safnat Paneach 264, Zer Zahav 39:7, Sheilat Shalom 2:165, Bet Shlomo 2:218, Olat Yitzchak 146, and Sh"t Maharitz Chiyitz 52 who agree with the Shach. Yabia Omer also agrees with the Shach.</ref> | ||
# Some hold that it is permitted even initially to add more to the mixture in order to nullify the danger of meat and fish and that there would be sixty times.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva YD 116:3 writes that it is permitted to even initially nullify something that is a concern of danger. Yabia Omer YD 1:8:7 quotes Rav Yitzchak Elchanan in Ayin Yitzchak OC 24:2, Maharash Engel 1:83, Chamudei Doniel 96a, and Divrei Shalom Vemet OC 13 who agree. However, he also quotes the Tuv Taam Vdaat 3:2:10 and Anei Tzedek YD 49 who hold that it is forbidden to initially nullify something that is a concern of danger. Yabia Omer is lenient.</ref> | # Some hold that it is permitted even initially to add more to the mixture in order to nullify the danger of meat and fish and that there would be sixty times.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva YD 116:3 writes that it is permitted to even initially nullify something that is a concern of danger. Yabia Omer YD 1:8:7 quotes Rav Yitzchak Elchanan in Ayin Yitzchak OC 24:2, Maharash Engel 1:83, Chamudei Doniel 96a, and Divrei Shalom Vemet OC 13 who agree. However, he also quotes the Tuv Taam Vdaat 3:2:10 and Anei Tzedek YD 49 who hold that it is forbidden to initially nullify something that is a concern of danger. Yabia Omer is lenient.</ref> | ||
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#Even according to those who don't eat fish and milk together may have fish cooked with butter.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva 87:9 citing the Knesset Hagedola and Chinuch Bet Yehuda 61, Yalkut Yosef YD 87:85, Kaf Hachaim 87:24, Horah Brurah 87:13</ref> | #Even according to those who don't eat fish and milk together may have fish cooked with butter.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva 87:9 citing the Knesset Hagedola and Chinuch Bet Yehuda 61, Yalkut Yosef YD 87:85, Kaf Hachaim 87:24, Horah Brurah 87:13</ref> | ||
==Peeled Eggs== | |||
#It is proper to not to leave peeled eggs or onions overnight even in a sealed container.<Ref>Niddah 17a</ref> Someone who is lenient has what to rely upon.<Ref>Shevet Halevi 6:111:5:2-10</ref> | |||
==[[Bishul Akum]]== | ==[[Bishul Akum]]== | ||
#One may not eat food that was cooked by a non-Jew.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 113:1</ref> See the [[Bishul Akum]] page. | #One may not eat food that was cooked by a non-Jew.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 113:1</ref> See the [[Bishul Akum]] page. | ||
