General Overview of Kashrut: Difference between revisions

# Non-Kosher animals are those which do not have completely split hooves and chew its cud. Examples of non-kosher animals include pig, camel, donkey, and horse. <Ref> Vayikra 11:3-8, Rambam Machalot Asurot 2:1, S”A YD 79:1, The Laws of Kashrus (Rabbi Binyamin Forst; pg 33-4) </ref>

# The Torah specifies 24 non-Kosher birds and in practice we hold that any specifies about which we do not have a tradition that it is Kosher may not be eaten. <Ref>Vayikra 11:13-20, S”A YD 82:2 </ref>

==Teriefah==

# An animal which has a health defect or disease which Chazal specify is considered Teriefah and is forbidden to eat. <Ref>The Mishna Chullin 42a enumerate 18 defects and the Rambam Hilchot Shechitah 10:9 counts 70. </ref>  

# The milk of a Tereifah animal is non-Kosher. <Ref>Based on Mishna Chullin 116b, Rif Chullin 19a, Rambam Machalot Asurot 3:10, Rosh Chullin 3:52, S”A YD 81:1 </ref>

==Chelev==

# Certain fats of domestic animals (cattle, sheep, and goat) are forbidden, however, fat of birds or other kosher animals is permissible. Therefore after the ritual slaughtering, the butcher or other expert removes these forbidden fats. <Ref>S”A YD 64:1 </ref>

==Gid HaNasheh==

# It’s forbidden to eat the Gid HaNasheh which is the sciatic nerve in the hind thighs of kosher animals. <Ref>Beresheet 32:33, Rambam 8:1, S”A YD 64:11 </ref>

==Ever Min HaChay==

# It’s forbidden to eat a limb that was detached from a live animal. <Ref>Beresheet 9:4, Rambam Machalot Assurot 5:1, S”A YD 62 </ref>

==Tevel==

# Produce of Eretz [[Israel]] may not be eaten until one has removed [[Trumot and Maaserot]]. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 10:19 </ref>

==Orlah==

# A fruit tree within it’s first three years is called Orlah and its fruit are forbidden to eat. <Ref>Vayikra 19:23, Rambam Machalot Assurot 10:1 </ref>

==Chadash==

# Any grain which took root after 16th of Nissan is forbidden to be eaten until the next 16th of Nissan. <Ref>S”A OC 489:10 </ref>  

# There is considerable debate whether this applies outside [[Israel]]. <Ref>Beiur Halacha 489:10 s.v. Af </ref>

==Yayin Nesech==

# Wine which was poured in a sacrificial manner to an Avoda Zara is forbidden biblically. The same is true of any food served to an Avoda Zara. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 11:1 </ref>

# Wine that was moved by a non-Jew is forbidden by rabbinic decree. There is a dispute whether the wine is forbidden upon touch of a non-Jew. <Ref>S”A YD 124:11, Shach 124:20 </ref>

# One may not drink wine that belongs to a non-Jew and is considered Stam Yainom. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 11:7 </ref>

# It’s forbidden to eat fish and meat together because Chazal felt that there was a health concern. <Ref>S”A YD 116:2, Yalkut Yosef YD 87:83 </ref>

==Bishul Akum==

# One may not eat food that was cooked by a non-Jew.  

==Pat Akum==

# One may not eat bread that was baked by a non-Jew.

==Kelayim==

# One may not mingle seeds of different species of plants however, if one did so the product is permitted. <Ref> Rambam Kelayim 1:1, 6:1, The Laws of Kashrus (Rabbi Binyamin Forst; pg 42) </ref>

# It’s forbidden to sow a vegetable or grain near a grape vine and if one did so the product is forbidden. <Ref> Rambam Kelayim 1:1, 6:1, The Laws of Kashrus (Rabbi Binyamin Forst; pg 42) </ref>

==Meat and Milk==

# Even though both meat and milk separately are Kosher, when mixed they are forbidden. Any cooked combination is biblically forbidden. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 9:1 </ref> Rabbinically, a combination of milk and meat of non-domesticated animals or milk and poultry is forbidden. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 9:4 </ref>

==Sheretz==

# All insects are forbidden to eat except a certain species of locust which is unknown to us and as such one shouldn’t eat locust. <Ref>Vayikra 11, The Laws of Kashrus (Rabbi Binyamin Forst; pg 38) </ref>

## Fruit or vegetables which commonly are infested with bugs must be checked before eating. <Ref>S”A YD 84:8 </ref>

## Insects which are only visible through a microscope are not forbidden. <Ref>Sh”t Yachava Daat 6:47 </ref>

==General==

# It’s forbidden to eat any non-Kosher food of any size. <Ref>Rambam Machalot Assurot 14:2 </ref>