General Laws of Muktzeh: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
m
Text replacement - "Shemirat Shabbat" to "Shemirat Shabbat"
m (→Muktzeh that’s in already in one’s hands: Fixed a typo) |
m (Text replacement - "Shemirat Shabbat" to "Shemirat Shabbat") |
||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
*The Chazon Ish 47:12-14 explains that if one is moving a [[Muktzeh]] item and a non-[[Muktzeh]] item for the sake of the [[Muktzeh]], it is considered as though one is moving [[Muktzeh]], but if one is moving it for the sake of the non-[[Muktzeh]] item, it is considered as though one is moving only the non-[[Muktzeh]]. Accordingly, the Chazon Ish writes that he doesn’t understand the Taz 308:18 and Mishna Brurah 308:115, who write that one may push peels or bones that are totally inedible off the table using a knife if one needs the area where these peels and bones are located since one is moving [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted need. The Chazon Ish argues that since one is primarily focused on moving the [[Muktzeh]], it is forbidden even if it is done indirectly. | *The Chazon Ish 47:12-14 explains that if one is moving a [[Muktzeh]] item and a non-[[Muktzeh]] item for the sake of the [[Muktzeh]], it is considered as though one is moving [[Muktzeh]], but if one is moving it for the sake of the non-[[Muktzeh]] item, it is considered as though one is moving only the non-[[Muktzeh]]. Accordingly, the Chazon Ish writes that he doesn’t understand the Taz 308:18 and Mishna Brurah 308:115, who write that one may push peels or bones that are totally inedible off the table using a knife if one needs the area where these peels and bones are located since one is moving [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted need. The Chazon Ish argues that since one is primarily focused on moving the [[Muktzeh]], it is forbidden even if it is done indirectly. | ||
*Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 104-6) explains that the Mishna Brurah and others hold that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted use on [[Shabbat]] as Chazal were lenient with regards to moving [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted purpose. He explains that this leniency may be due to the fact that [[Muktzeh]] is based on the prohibition to carry on [[Shabbat]]. Even if one carried [[Muktzeh]] for a permitted purpose and not for the [[Muktzeh]] itself, it would be Melacha Sheino Tzaricha LeGufo and not a biblical prohibition. However, Chazal only permitted moving [[Muktzeh]] for a permitted use if done indirectly or in an abnormal manner because of a Lo Plug. Shemirat | *Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 104-6) explains that the Mishna Brurah and others hold that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted use on [[Shabbat]] as Chazal were lenient with regards to moving [[Muktzeh]] indirectly for a permitted purpose. He explains that this leniency may be due to the fact that [[Muktzeh]] is based on the prohibition to carry on [[Shabbat]]. Even if one carried [[Muktzeh]] for a permitted purpose and not for the [[Muktzeh]] itself, it would be Melacha Sheino Tzaricha LeGufo and not a biblical prohibition. However, Chazal only permitted moving [[Muktzeh]] for a permitted use if done indirectly or in an abnormal manner because of a Lo Plug. Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 22:38 agrees with the Mishna Brurah. | ||
*Based on S”A 309:3-4, Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (Muktzeh, A Practical Guide p. 35-8) notes that one may not indirectly move a non-[[Muktzeh]] item if it was a Bosis. Additionally, if one can remove the [[Muktzeh]] item by tilting, one may not move it indirectly.</ref> | *Based on S”A 309:3-4, Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (Muktzeh, A Practical Guide p. 35-8) notes that one may not indirectly move a non-[[Muktzeh]] item if it was a Bosis. Additionally, if one can remove the [[Muktzeh]] item by tilting, one may not move it indirectly.</ref> | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
#It is permitted to move a [[Muktzeh]] item with one’s body<ref>The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 141a) states that one may push [[Muktzeh]] straw off of his bed with his body but not with his hands. The Gemara explains that this is based on the principle that indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted. Based on the distinction of Tosfot (see note 1), Rabbeinu Yonah (cited by the Rosh 3:19) asks why indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted if one’s intent is to move the [[Muktzeh]] item. The Rosh answers that moving [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body is permitted even if one’s intent is to move [[Muktzeh]], whereas direct movement of a non-[[Muktzeh]] item which in turn moves a [[Muktzeh]] item is permitted only if one’s intent is for the non-[[Muktzeh]] item. Tur and S”A 311:8 codify this as halacha. | #It is permitted to move a [[Muktzeh]] item with one’s body<ref>The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 141a) states that one may push [[Muktzeh]] straw off of his bed with his body but not with his hands. The Gemara explains that this is based on the principle that indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted. Based on the distinction of Tosfot (see note 1), Rabbeinu Yonah (cited by the Rosh 3:19) asks why indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted if one’s intent is to move the [[Muktzeh]] item. The Rosh answers that moving [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body is permitted even if one’s intent is to move [[Muktzeh]], whereas direct movement of a non-[[Muktzeh]] item which in turn moves a [[Muktzeh]] item is permitted only if one’s intent is for the non-[[Muktzeh]] item. Tur and S”A 311:8 codify this as halacha. | ||
*The Mishna Brurah 311:30 writes that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] with any part of one’s body other than his hands. For example, in 308:13 and 30 he writes that one may move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s foot. Shemirat | *The Mishna Brurah 311:30 writes that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] with any part of one’s body other than his hands. For example, in 308:13 and 30 he writes that one may move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s foot. Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 22:36 agrees. See Chazon Ish 47:12, who argues that the Rosh merely meant that one may lie down on straw even if it moves since its not evident that one is moving [[Muktzeh]]. One may not, however, move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body if his primary intent is to move [[Muktzeh]]. See Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 105-6) who connects this to the above dispute.</ref> as long as that isn't the normal way to move the muktzeh.<ref>Menuchat Ahava 1:13:9. For example, Menuchat Ahava 1:13:12 writes that if a soccer ball is muktzeh it is forbidden to kick it since that is the normal way to move it during the week. See however, Yalkut Yosef Shabbat v. 2 5771 p. 434 who seems to disagree and doesn't think it is an issue of carrying muktzeh in your pocket even though it is normal since it is tiltul bgufo.</ref> | ||
#It’s permissible to blow on [[Muktzeh]] to make it move even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh item. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 308:43 and Rama 308:3 consider blowing on [[Muktzeh]] as tiltul bgufo and is permitted even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh. Rabbi Akiva Eiger on Rama 308:3 points out that the Maharil 200 holds that moving muktzeh with one's body is like indirect movement which can be moved only for a permissible purpose. But he concludes that we hold like the Rosh that it is permitted even for the muktzeh itself. Similarly see Mishna Brurah 309:15 who cites a similar approach of the Maharil.</ref> | #It’s permissible to blow on [[Muktzeh]] to make it move even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh item. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 308:43 and Rama 308:3 consider blowing on [[Muktzeh]] as tiltul bgufo and is permitted even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh. Rabbi Akiva Eiger on Rama 308:3 points out that the Maharil 200 holds that moving muktzeh with one's body is like indirect movement which can be moved only for a permissible purpose. But he concludes that we hold like the Rosh that it is permitted even for the muktzeh itself. Similarly see Mishna Brurah 309:15 who cites a similar approach of the Maharil.</ref> | ||
#Additionally, it’s permissible to cover a [[Muktzeh]] item with a vessel even if the vessel will touch the [[Muktzeh]] as long as placing the cover on the [[Muktzeh]] will not move it. <ref>Mishna Brurah 308:22 rules like the Gra unlike the Magen Avraham (which was brought as a dispute in Mishna Brurah 308:17). </ref> | #Additionally, it’s permissible to cover a [[Muktzeh]] item with a vessel even if the vessel will touch the [[Muktzeh]] as long as placing the cover on the [[Muktzeh]] will not move it. <ref>Mishna Brurah 308:22 rules like the Gra unlike the Magen Avraham (which was brought as a dispute in Mishna Brurah 308:17). </ref> | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
#It is permitted to touch [[Muktzeh]] if it does not move. Some say that one may not touch [[Muktzeh]] if one’s intent is to serve the [[Muktzeh]] item. <ref>The Yerushalmi (Beitzah 5:1) states that one may place a vessel over an egg that was laid on [[Shabbat]] as long as the vessel doesn’t touch the egg. The [[Maggid]] Mishneh ([[Shabbat]] 25:23) wonders why there should be a prohibition even if the vessel touches the egg – after all, Chazal forbade only moving [[Muktzeh]]. He answers that since an egg is round, touching it automatically will make it move. The Trumat HaDeshen (67) based on Tosfot (see note 1) argues that covering [[Muktzeh]] for its protection is forbidden since one’s entire intent is for the [[Muktzeh]]. | #It is permitted to touch [[Muktzeh]] if it does not move. Some say that one may not touch [[Muktzeh]] if one’s intent is to serve the [[Muktzeh]] item. <ref>The Yerushalmi (Beitzah 5:1) states that one may place a vessel over an egg that was laid on [[Shabbat]] as long as the vessel doesn’t touch the egg. The [[Maggid]] Mishneh ([[Shabbat]] 25:23) wonders why there should be a prohibition even if the vessel touches the egg – after all, Chazal forbade only moving [[Muktzeh]]. He answers that since an egg is round, touching it automatically will make it move. The Trumat HaDeshen (67) based on Tosfot (see note 1) argues that covering [[Muktzeh]] for its protection is forbidden since one’s entire intent is for the [[Muktzeh]]. | ||
*S”A 308:42 and Rama 308:3 write simply that it is permitted to touch [[Muktzeh]] and don’t add the Trumat HaDeshen’s condition. Magen Avraham 310:3 rules in favor of the Trumat HaDeshen, while the Gr”a (Beiur HaGra 310:6) rules like the [[Maggid]] Mishneh. The Mishna Brurah 310:22 and Shemirat | *S”A 308:42 and Rama 308:3 write simply that it is permitted to touch [[Muktzeh]] and don’t add the Trumat HaDeshen’s condition. Magen Avraham 310:3 rules in favor of the Trumat HaDeshen, while the Gr”a (Beiur HaGra 310:6) rules like the [[Maggid]] Mishneh. The Mishna Brurah 310:22 and Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 22:33 agree with the Gr”a.</ref> | ||
#It’s permissible to remove a permissible item that’s sitting on top of a [[Muktzeh]] item. <ref>Rama 308:3 </ref> | #It’s permissible to remove a permissible item that’s sitting on top of a [[Muktzeh]] item. <ref>Rama 308:3 </ref> | ||
