Food That Comes During a Meal: Difference between revisions
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* In the Gemara [[Brachot]] 41b, Rav Papa states that food which are eaten as part of the meal during the meal don’t require any Bracha and foods which are eaten not in context of the meal during the meal require a [[Bracha Rishona]] and not [[Bracha Achrona]]. Tosfot (D”H Hilchata) explains that the first category means to include foods which are normally eaten as the main part of the meal like meat, fish, vegetables, oatmeal. The second category includes foods which are not normally eaten as the main part of the meal like fruit. This explanation is accepted by the Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:26), Bahag (quoted by Rosh), Rabbanu Yonah (29b s.v. VeRabbenu Yitzchak) in name of the Ri HaZaken, Mordechai ([[Brachot]] Siman 135), Smag (quoted by Bet Yosef 177:1), and Hagahot Maimon 4:20. The Tur and S”A 177:1 codify this explanation as the halacha. (Tosfot is in disagreement with Rashi Brachot 41b s.v. dvarim habayim machmat haseuda who holds that only food that one eats together in the same bite as bread is exempt. Baal Hameor Brachot 29a s.v. amar agrees.) | * In the Gemara [[Brachot]] 41b, Rav Papa states that food which are eaten as part of the meal during the meal don’t require any Bracha and foods which are eaten not in context of the meal during the meal require a [[Bracha Rishona]] and not [[Bracha Achrona]]. Tosfot (D”H Hilchata) explains that the first category means to include foods which are normally eaten as the main part of the meal like meat, fish, vegetables, oatmeal. The second category includes foods which are not normally eaten as the main part of the meal like fruit. This explanation is accepted by the Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:26), Bahag (quoted by Rosh), Rabbanu Yonah (29b s.v. VeRabbenu Yitzchak) in name of the Ri HaZaken, Mordechai ([[Brachot]] Siman 135), Smag (quoted by Bet Yosef 177:1), and Hagahot Maimon 4:20. The Tur and S”A 177:1 codify this explanation as the halacha. (Tosfot is in disagreement with Rashi Brachot 41b s.v. dvarim habayim machmat haseuda who holds that only food that one eats together in the same bite as bread is exempt. Baal Hameor Brachot 29a s.v. amar agrees.) | ||
* The Mishna Brurah 177:1 explains that the language of Shulchan Aruch which is that the [[Hamotzei]] on bread covers foods which are normally eaten with bread to mean that anything which gives sustenance and is brought as the main meal is covered by the [[Hamotzei]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 43:1 concurs.</ref> | * The Mishna Brurah 177:1 explains that the language of Shulchan Aruch which is that the [[Hamotzei]] on bread covers foods which are normally eaten with bread to mean that anything which gives sustenance and is brought as the main meal is covered by the [[Hamotzei]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 43:1 concurs.</ref> | ||
# If one doesn’t want to eat bread | # If one is eating bread as part of a meal but doesn’t really want to eat the bread it is unclear whether it exempts the other foods one doesn’t need to make a [[Bracha Rishona]] on each food because there is at least a possibility that the Bracha on bread exempted it. It is best to avoid this situation.<ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Mishna Brurah 177:3, Avnei Isfeh 4:26(3)</ref> Some poskim hold that the bread covers the other foods whether or not one wants the bread.<ref>Aruch Hashulchan 177:2</ref> Nonetheless, if one is eating bread on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] in order to fulfill the obligation of eating the meal all other foods are covered by the bread. <Ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Halachos of [[Brachos]] chap 5 pg 98 </ref> | ||
# If one ate less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, according to Sephardim, one must make a [[Bracha Rishona]] and Acharona on the other foods. <Ref>Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 9:3, Chazon Ovadia [[Berachot]] page 81, Kaf hachayim 177:4, Sh"t Shemesh U'magen OC 1:27, Igrot Moshe OC 4:41, Chelkat Yaakov 2:112. Or Letzion 2:46:14 leaves it as a doubt and advises making a bracha on the foods before the bread. On the other hand, Rav Moshe Halevi in Birkat Hashem (vol 3, p. 339) says even less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread exempts the rest of the meal.</ref> According to Ashkenazim, it is a doubt if the bread covers the other foods.<ref>Mishna Brurah 177:3 has a doubt if the bread covers the other foods if doesn't want the bread and all the more so if one just eats less than a kezayit. Accordingly, Rav Elyashiv (cited by Vezot Habracha ch. 8 fnt. 7) holds that less than a kezayit can cover other foods if it is eaten in order to fill oneself up. Dagul Mirvavah 167:6, however, holds that bread doesn't cover the other foods without a kezayit. That's also the opinion of Igrot Moshe OC 4:41.</ref> | # If one ate less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, according to Sephardim, one must make a [[Bracha Rishona]] and Acharona on the other foods. <Ref>Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 9:3, Chazon Ovadia [[Berachot]] page 81, Kaf hachayim 177:4, Sh"t Shemesh U'magen OC 1:27, Igrot Moshe OC 4:41, Chelkat Yaakov 2:112. Or Letzion 2:46:14 leaves it as a doubt and advises making a bracha on the foods before the bread. On the other hand, Rav Moshe Halevi in Birkat Hashem (vol 3, p. 339) says even less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread exempts the rest of the meal.</ref> According to Ashkenazim, it is a doubt if the bread covers the other foods.<ref>Mishna Brurah 177:3 has a doubt if the bread covers the other foods if doesn't want the bread and all the more so if one just eats less than a kezayit. Accordingly, Rav Elyashiv (cited by Vezot Habracha ch. 8 fnt. 7) holds that less than a kezayit can cover other foods if it is eaten in order to fill oneself up. Dagul Mirvavah 167:6, however, holds that bread doesn't cover the other foods without a kezayit. That's also the opinion of Igrot Moshe OC 4:41.</ref> | ||
## If someone has croutons which are hamotzei in a soup the bread doesn't exempt the soup and the soup doesn't exempt the bread. Rather one should first make hamotzei on the croutons and then the bracha on the soup.<ref>Shaarei Habracha 8:6 quoting Rav Wosner</ref> | ## If someone has croutons which are hamotzei in a soup the bread doesn't exempt the soup and the soup doesn't exempt the bread. Rather one should first make hamotzei on the croutons and then the bracha on the soup.<ref>Shaarei Habracha 8:6 quoting Rav Wosner</ref> | ||
