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Food That Comes During a Meal: Difference between revisions
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==General rules== | ==General rules== | ||
# All foods that are part of a meal in order to accompany the bread or fill one’s appetite are covered by the Bracha [[HaMotzei]] on the bread and don’t require their own [[Brachot]]. <Ref> | # All foods that are part of a meal in order to accompany the bread or fill one’s appetite are covered by the Bracha [[HaMotzei]] on the bread and don’t require their own [[Brachot]]. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 177:1 | ||
* In the Gemara [[Brachot]] 41b, Rav Papa states that food which are eaten as part of the meal during the meal don’t require any Bracha and foods which are eaten not in context of the meal during the meal require a [[Bracha Rishona]] and not [[Bracha Achrona]]. Tosfot (D”H Hilchata) explains that the first category means to include foods which are normally eaten as the main part of the meal like meat, fish, vegetables, oatmeal. The second category includes foods which are not normally eaten as the main part of the meal like fruit. This explanation is accepted by the Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:26), Bahag (quoted by Rosh), Rabbanu Yonah (29b s.v. VeRabbenu Yitzchak) in name of the Ri HaZaken, Mordechai ([[Brachot]] Siman 135), Smag (quoted by Bet Yosef 177:1), and Hagahot Maimon 4:20. The Tur and S”A 177:1 codify this explanation as the halacha. | * In the Gemara [[Brachot]] 41b, Rav Papa states that food which are eaten as part of the meal during the meal don’t require any Bracha and foods which are eaten not in context of the meal during the meal require a [[Bracha Rishona]] and not [[Bracha Achrona]]. Tosfot (D”H Hilchata) explains that the first category means to include foods which are normally eaten as the main part of the meal like meat, fish, vegetables, oatmeal. The second category includes foods which are not normally eaten as the main part of the meal like fruit. This explanation is accepted by the Rosh ([[Brachot]] 6:26), Bahag (quoted by Rosh), Rabbanu Yonah (29b s.v. VeRabbenu Yitzchak) in name of the Ri HaZaken, Mordechai ([[Brachot]] Siman 135), Smag (quoted by Bet Yosef 177:1), and Hagahot Maimon 4:20. The Tur and S”A 177:1 codify this explanation as the halacha. (Tosfot is in disagreement with Rashi Brachot 41b s.v. dvarim habayim machmat haseuda who holds that only food that one eats together in the same bite as bread is exempt. Baal Hameor Brachot 29a s.v. amar agrees.) | ||
* The Mishna Brurah 177:1 explains that the language of Shulchan Aruch which is that the [[Hamotzei]] on bread covers foods which are normally eaten with bread to mean that anything which gives sustenance and is brought as the main meal is covered by the [[Hamotzei]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 43:1 concurs.</ref> | * The Mishna Brurah 177:1 explains that the language of Shulchan Aruch which is that the [[Hamotzei]] on bread covers foods which are normally eaten with bread to mean that anything which gives sustenance and is brought as the main meal is covered by the [[Hamotzei]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 43:1 concurs.</ref> | ||
# If one doesn’t want to eat bread it’s unclear whether it exempts the other foods and so it’s preferable to avoid this situation, however, if one is in such a situation one doesn’t need to make a [[Bracha Rishona]] on each food because there is at least a possibility that the Bracha on bread exempted it. <ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Mishna Brurah 177:3, Avnei Isfeh 4:26(3)</ref> Some poskim hold that the bread covers the other foods whether or not one wants the bread.<ref>Aruch Hashulchan 177:2</ref> Nonetheless, if one is eating bread on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] in order to fulfill the obligation of eating the meal all other foods are covered by the bread. <Ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Halachos of [[Brachos]] chap 5 pg 98 </ref> | # If one doesn’t want to eat bread it’s unclear whether it exempts the other foods and so it’s preferable to avoid this situation, however, if one is in such a situation one doesn’t need to make a [[Bracha Rishona]] on each food because there is at least a possibility that the Bracha on bread exempted it. <ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Mishna Brurah 177:3, Avnei Isfeh 4:26(3)</ref> Some poskim hold that the bread covers the other foods whether or not one wants the bread.<ref>Aruch Hashulchan 177:2</ref> Nonetheless, if one is eating bread on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]] in order to fulfill the obligation of eating the meal all other foods are covered by the bread. <Ref>Magen Avraham 177:1, Halachos of [[Brachos]] chap 5 pg 98 </ref> | ||
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===Mezonot=== | ===Mezonot=== | ||
====Rice, Bisli, and Wafers==== | ====Rice, Bisli, and Wafers==== | ||
# [[Mezonot]] which isn’t similar to bread at all requires a Bracha if eaten as a dessert. Examples include: Bisli, puffed rice in chocolate, (or rice crispy treats), and Kabukim (peanuts with dough coating). <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 74-5, chapter 8) </ref> However, if one eats the [[mezonot]] to satiate it doesn’t require a Bracha in any case. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8), Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 95, chapter 5) </ref> Some include wafers. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 484, addendum 2) writes that the dough of wafers is so thin it isn’t a bread family food and accordingly it requires a Bracha if eaten as dessert. However, Vezot HaBracha (pg 26, chapter 4) writes in name of Rav Pinchas Shienburg that wafers aren’t in the bread family, but questions it and leaves it unresolved. </ref> | # [[Mezonot]] which isn’t similar to bread at all requires a Bracha if eaten as a dessert. Examples include: Bisli, puffed rice in chocolate, (or rice crispy treats), and Kabukim (peanuts with dough coating). <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 74-5, chapter 8). Birkat Hashem v. 3 10:77 agrees that Bisli requires a bracha for dessert. </ref> However, if one eats the [[mezonot]] to satiate it doesn’t require a Bracha in any case. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8), Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 95, chapter 5) </ref> Some include wafers. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 484, addendum 2) writes that the dough of wafers is so thin it isn’t a bread family food and accordingly it requires a Bracha if eaten as dessert. However, Vezot HaBracha (pg 26, chapter 4) writes in name of Rav Pinchas Shienburg that wafers aren’t in the bread family, but questions it and leaves it unresolved. </ref> | ||
# Some say that deep fried doughnuts require a bracha when eaten as a dessert at the end of the meal.<ref>Birkat Hashem v. 3 10:77 explains that since the deep fried doughnut isn't considered Pat Haba Bkisnin it isn't considered bread at all and the Hamotzei doesn't exempt it and it would require a bracha. Even according to the Rabbenu Tam that a doughnut is Pat Haba Bkisnin it could be that he would agree that it would require a bracha like the opinions who hold that Pat Haba Bkisnin for dessert require a bracha.</ref> | |||
====Cakes and Cookies==== | ====Cakes and Cookies==== | ||
# In general, Pas HaBah BeKisnin such as cake, cookies, and biscuits don’t require a Bracha during the meal even if eaten as a dessert. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8) | # In general, Pas HaBah BeKisnin such as cake, cookies, and biscuits don’t require a Bracha during the meal even if eaten as a dessert. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8) | ||
* The Rosh Brachot 6:30 writes that one recite a mezonot on lachmaniyot in the middle of a meal. This is also the opinion of Tosfot 41b s.v. elah, Tosfot HaRosh 42a s.v. lachmaniyot, and Rabbenu Yonah Brachot 29a s.v. vomrim. Even though the Mishna 42a states that parperet in a meal is exempt and Tosfot, Rosh, and Rabbenu Yonah explain that to mean cooked bread which is mezonot, the Magen Avraham 168:22 explains that it is exempt if a person is eating them as an appetizer to whet one's appetite. Generally, though the mezonot does require a bracha. That is the ruling of Shulchan Aruch 168:8 based on the Tosfot, Rosh, Tur, and Rabbenu Yerucham. The Magen Avraham expands the Rosh to all pat haba bkisnin as is evident in the rishonim. | * The Rosh Brachot 6:30 writes that one recite a mezonot on lachmaniyot in the middle of a meal. This is also the opinion of Tosfot 41b s.v. elah, Tosfot HaRosh 42a s.v. lachmaniyot, and Rabbenu Yonah Brachot 29a s.v. vomrim. Even though the Mishna 42a states that parperet in a meal is exempt and Tosfot, Rosh, and Rabbenu Yonah explain that to mean cooked bread which is mezonot, the Magen Avraham 168:22 explains that it is exempt if a person is eating them as an appetizer to whet one's appetite. Generally, though the mezonot does require a bracha. That is the ruling of Shulchan Aruch 168:8 based on the Tosfot, Rosh, Tur, and Rabbenu Yerucham. The Magen Avraham expands the Rosh to all pat haba bkisnin as is evident in the rishonim. | ||
* The | * The Dagul Mirvavah 168:8 points out that because of the dispute about what is pat haba bkisnin one should not recite mezonot in a meal since according to some opinions it is considered bread. Even Haozer 168:8 and Biur Halacha 168:8 s.v. teunin agree. Biur Halacha concludes that the minhag is not to recite mezonot in a meal unless they fulfill all three conditions of pat haba bkisnin. He adds that someone has what to rely upon to recite the bracha as long as it fulfills the conditions of being sweet dough and filled. [However, the Magen Giborim (Elef Hamagen 168:29) answers the Dagul Mirvavah's question by saying that since it is a doubt if each pat haba bkisnin is bread or not one didn't have intention to exempt it and then it is certainly obligated in a bracha.] | ||
* Interestingly, although Tosfot and Rosh hold that a bracha is required for pat haba bkisnin, the opinion of the Rashba 41a s.v. vepat haba bkisnin | * Interestingly, although Tosfot and Rosh hold that a bracha is required for pat haba bkisnin, the opinion of the Rashba 41a s.v. vepat haba bkisnin, Ritva Hilchot Brachot 3:1, Raah Brachot 42a s.v. matniten birach, Meiri Brachot 42a s.v. berach al haparperet is that no bracha is made upon pat haba bkisnin at all. Bet Yosef 177:1-2 cites the Rashba.</ref> | ||
# The minhag is not to make a Bracha on [[Pas HaBah Bekisnin]] as dessert unless it fulfills all three requirements of Pas HaBah BeKisnin. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8) </ref> For example, fruit filled pie fulfills all three requirements and requires a Bracha. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 96, chapter 5) in name of Rav Pinchas Sheinburg writes that apple pie fulfills all three requirements of [[Pas HaBah Bekisnin]] and so it requires a Bracha, however, if it’s eaten for satiation as is the usual case it doesn’t require a Bracha. See Vezot HaBracha (pg 316, Birur Halacha 39:4(3) writes that there’s a doubt whether the pie crust should be considered crumbling but concludes that there’s room to make a Bracha according to the halacha even if it only fulfills the other two requirements. </ref> Some hold that one should recite mezonot on cakes at the end of the meal.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/896724/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-83-42a-43a-parperes-dessert-birkas-hareiach-hamaschil-bemitzvah-matzah-on-erev-pesach/ Rav Schachter (Brachot Shiur 83 min 12-17)] explains that Rav Moshe's opinion was that the cakes and cookies today are very sweet and are certainly Pat Haba Bkisnin and as such one should recite a bracha of Mezonot on them for dessert. He added that generally a person is full before dessert and as such it would require a bracha unless one is actually hungry and eating dessert to fill oneself up.</ref> | # The minhag is not to make a Bracha on [[Pas HaBah Bekisnin]] as dessert unless it fulfills all three requirements of Pas HaBah BeKisnin. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75, chapter 8) </ref> For example, fruit filled pie fulfills all three requirements and requires a Bracha. <Ref>Veten Bracha (Halachos of Brochos by Rabbi Bodner pg 96, chapter 5) in name of Rav Pinchas Sheinburg writes that apple pie fulfills all three requirements of [[Pas HaBah Bekisnin]] and so it requires a Bracha, however, if it’s eaten for satiation as is the usual case it doesn’t require a Bracha. See Vezot HaBracha (pg 316, Birur Halacha 39:4(3) writes that there’s a doubt whether the pie crust should be considered crumbling but concludes that there’s room to make a Bracha according to the halacha even if it only fulfills the other two requirements. </ref> Some hold that one should recite mezonot on cakes at the end of the meal.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/896724/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-83-42a-43a-parperes-dessert-birkas-hareiach-hamaschil-bemitzvah-matzah-on-erev-pesach/ Rav Schachter (Brachot Shiur 83 min 12-17)] explains that Rav Moshe's opinion was that the cakes and cookies today are very sweet and are certainly Pat Haba Bkisnin and as such one should recite a bracha of Mezonot on them for dessert. He added that generally a person is full before dessert and as such it would require a bracha unless one is actually hungry and eating dessert to fill oneself up.</ref> | ||
# However, the strict halacha requires a Bracha even the [[mezonot]] only fulfills the condition of having a sweet filler and having dough made with a majority of ingredients in comparison to the water not counting the flour. Examples include: | # However, the strict halacha requires a Bracha even the [[mezonot]] only fulfills the condition of having a sweet filler and having dough made with a majority of ingredients in comparison to the water not counting the flour. Examples include: | ||
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## eat the [[mezonot]] cakes after the [[Birkat HaMazon]] | ## eat the [[mezonot]] cakes after the [[Birkat HaMazon]] | ||
## or make a [[Shehakol]] on something that certainly requires a [[Shehakol]] during a meal and have intent to cover the [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75-6, chapter 8) </ref> | ## or make a [[Shehakol]] on something that certainly requires a [[Shehakol]] during a meal and have intent to cover the [[mezonot]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 75-6, chapter 8) </ref> | ||
# Sephardim hold that no bracha is made on pat haba bkisnin in a meal even if it fulfills all three conditions.<ref>Halacha Brurah 168:29 since we are concerned for the opinion of the Rashba and Safek Brachot Lehakel. Birkat Hashem v. 3 10:76 agrees. Yalkut Yosef 177:3 argues that one has what to rely upon to recite a bracha for a pat haba bkisnin that fulfills all three conditions. He explains that the Rashba would agree that a bracha is recited on pat haba bkisnin if eaten as dessert and he only meant that it doesn't have a bracha when it is part of the main course.</ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Brachot]] | [[Category:Brachot]] | ||
