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Fast Days: Difference between revisions
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# [[Tzom Gedalya]] is observed on the 3rd of Tishri.<ref> Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3), Shulchan Aruch 549:1, Rambam Taaniyot 5:2. </ref> | # [[Tzom Gedalya]] is observed on the 3rd of Tishri.<ref> Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3), Shulchan Aruch 549:1, Rambam Taaniyot 5:2. </ref> | ||
# [[Tzom Gedalya]] commemorates the death of Gedalya Ben Achikam and the extinguishing of the spark of Yisrael causing the exile.<ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3, Mishna Brurah 549:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:2 </ref> | # [[Tzom Gedalya]] commemorates the death of Gedalya Ben Achikam and the extinguishing of the spark of Yisrael causing the exile.<ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3, Mishna Brurah 549:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:2 </ref> | ||
# If someone knows is very sick and they can only fast on Tzom Gedalya or on Yom Kippur, many poskim hold that in that case, he should break Tzom Gedalya rather than break Yom Kippur.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo p. 41), Kovetz Halachot Rav Shmuel Kamenetsky (Rosh Hashana 21:3). Sdei Chemed (Asifat Dinim, Maarechet Yom Hakippurim n. 10, p. 72) quotes Ohel Moshe 15 who discusses this question. He starts by comparing this to the dispute between the Radvaz and Chacham Tzvi regarding a person who can get out of jail for one day. There is a dispute if he leave the first day he can or wait until Purim or Yom Hakipurim.</ref> | |||
==Asara B'Tevet== | ==Asara B'Tevet== | ||
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===Washing oneself and Swimming=== | ===Washing oneself and Swimming=== | ||
# It is permissible to wash with hot water or anoint oneself. However, a | # It is permissible to wash with hot water or anoint oneself on a fast day. However, there is a righteous practice to be strict not to wash oneself in hot water or anoint oneself on a fast day. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 550:2 writes that on all fast days other than Tisha B'av and Yom Kippur, one is permitted to wash, anoint, wear leather, and have marital relations. However, Mishna Brurah 550:6, Shaar HaTziyun 550:8, Kaf Hachayim 550:13 write based on earlier acharonim that a baal nefesh should be strict not to wash with hot water. Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 530 permits washing one's body with hot water, but adds that one who is strict is praiseworthy. see however Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. 21-22 who writes that one need not be strict for this since Shulchan Aruch is lenient. </ref> However, all agree that it’s permitted to wash with cold water or wash one’s hands, feet, and face with hot water.<ref> Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. 22, Shaar Hatziyun 550:8</ref> | ||
## If [[Asara B'Tevet]] falls out on Friday, one shouldn’t be strict | ## If [[Asara B'Tevet]] falls out on Friday, one shouldn’t be strict. Rather, one should wash oneself in hot water because of Kavod [[Shabbat]].<Ref>Mishna Brurah 550:6, Aruch Hashulchan 550:3 also says that technically it is permitted to use hot water, but the custom has developed not to except on erev [[shabbat]], but it is still permissible to use hot water. </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t go swimming in a pool or ocean on a fast day. <Ref> Piskei Teshuvot 550:6, Rivevot Ephraim 1:363:1 and 3:368, Sh”t Bear Moshe 3:77, Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 108. Nitei Gavriel page 34 allows children to swim. </ref> One is permitted to swim the night before a fast.<ref> Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun 1:page 108 </ref> | # One shouldn’t go swimming in a pool or ocean on a fast day. <Ref> Piskei Teshuvot 550:6, Rivevot Ephraim 1:363:1 and 3:368, Sh”t Bear Moshe 3:77, Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 108. Nitei Gavriel page 34 allows children to swim. </ref> One is permitted to swim the night before a fast.<ref> Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun 1:page 108 </ref> | ||
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# If a person wants to fast he must accept it upon himself the day before.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 562:5</ref> The minhag is to accept the fast day at mincha the day before.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 562:6</ref> | # If a person wants to fast he must accept it upon himself the day before.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 562:5</ref> The minhag is to accept the fast day at mincha the day before.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 562:6</ref> | ||
# On a personal fast day, one is permitted to rinse out his mouth, even with more than a Reviit of water since he plans to spit it out. <Ref> Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. 27 </ref> | # On a personal fast day, one is permitted to rinse out his mouth, even with more than a Reviit of water since he plans to spit it out. <Ref> Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. 27 </ref> | ||
=== Kriyat Hatorah of a Fast Day === | |||
# If there's a minyan of people fasting they can read Vayichal at mincha.<ref>Rama 566:2</ref> | |||
# At shacharit, if there's a minyan fasting, they can read Vayichal. If it is a Monday or Thursday, according to Ashkenazim they should read the regular kriyat hatorah.<ref>Rama 566:2, Mishna Brurah 556:8. Mishna Brurah notes that after the fact, if they started Vayichal they don't have to read it again. </ref> However, according to Sephardim they should read Vayichal even at shacharit.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Arba Taniyot p. 113). However, [https://www.sefaria.org/Kaf_HaChayim_on_Shulchan_Arukh%2C_Orach_Chayim.566.17.1?vhe=Kaf_Hachayim,_Orach_Chayim_vol._I-IV,_Jerusalem_1910-1933&lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en Kaf Hachaim 556:9] accepts Rama that they should read the regular parsha.</ref> | |||
===Individual Partial Fast Days=== | ===Individual Partial Fast Days=== | ||
