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Eating in the Sukkah: Difference between revisions
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==Eating in the Sukkah== | ==Eating in the Sukkah== | ||
# There’s an obligation to eat a Kezayit of bread in the Sukkah on the first night of Sukkot. <Ref> Rambam Hilchot Succa 6:7, S”A 639:3, Chazon Ovadyah pg 132 </ref> During the remaining days there is no obligation to eat in the succa because you can just eat fruits or vegetables but there is still a mitzva to eat bread in the succa every day. <ref> Mishna Berura 639:24 </ref> | # There’s an obligation to eat a Kezayit of bread in the Sukkah on the first night of Sukkot. <Ref> Rambam Hilchot Succa 6:7, S”A 639:3, Chazon Ovadyah pg 132 </ref> During the remaining days there is no obligation to eat in the succa because you can just eat fruits or vegetables but there is still a mitzva to eat bread in the succa every day. <ref> Mishna Berura 639:24 </ref> | ||
# While sitting in the Sukkah, one should have intent that one will fulfill the mitzvah, and that Hashem commanded us to sit in Sukkot in order to remember the exodus from Egypt (Yetsiat Mitzrayim) and that the | # While sitting in the Sukkah, one should have intent that one will fulfill the mitzvah, and that Hashem commanded us to sit in Sukkot in order to remember the exodus from Egypt (Yetsiat Mitzrayim) and that the Sukkot are in commemoration for the clouds of glory. <ref> There is a dispute in Gemara Sukkah 11b whether the Sukkot that Jews sit in are in commemoration of actual sukkot that Bnei Yisrael sat in in the desert or the Ananei Hakavod (clouds of glory) that God gave us for protection. The Tur 625:1 writes that the Sukkot are in commemoration of the Ananei Hakavod and the Jews sit in the Succa specifically in the winter (instead of when Bnei Yisrael left Eygpt) to show that even though the norm is to move back into your house for the winter, we move outside to fulfill G-d’s will. The Bach 625:1 D"H BaSukkot says that the fact that the Tur wrote this indicates that one hasn't fulfilled one's mitzva completely if while sitting in the Sukkah one didn’t remember the exodus from Egypt (Yetsiyat Mitzrayim) since the pasuk states explicitly that the mitzvah of Sukkot is to remind us of the exodus. The Mishna Brurah 625:1 writes that one should have the intent that Hashem commanded us to sit in Sukkot in order to remember the exodus from Egypt (Yetsiat Mitzrayim) and that the Sukkat are in commemoration for the clouds of glory. </ref>According to most authorities, after the fact, if one didn't have these intentions then one fulfills the mitzvah as long as one had intention to fulfill the mitzvah. <ref> The Pri Megadim (A"A Intro to Siman 625) writes that this is only in order to do the mitzvah in it's best way, however, after the fact even without the intent one has still fulfilled one's obligation as long as one had the intent to fulfill the mitzvah (as part of the concept that mitzvot need kavana). Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 97) and Mishna Berura (625:1) agree with the Pri Megadim, unlike the Bikkurei Yaakov (625:3) who holds that one doesn't fulfill one's obligation at all without the proper intent. Rav Shternbach in Moadim UZmanim (vol 1 pg 169) writes that although lacking the Kavanna doesn’t take away the mitzvah, however, one still looses the separate mitzvah of having kavanah.</ref> | ||
==Who is obligated to eat in the Sukkah?== | ==Who is obligated to eat in the Sukkah?== | ||
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==Which foods can one eat outside the Sukkah?== | ==Which foods can one eat outside the Sukkah?== | ||
===Bread=== | ===Bread=== | ||
# It is permissible to eat up to a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread outside the Sukkah but for any more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] one must eat it in the Sukkah and make a Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref>S"A 639:2, Mishna Brurah 639:13, Biur Halacha D"H KeBaytzah, Natai Gavriel 48:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142) </ref> | # It is permissible to eat up to a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread outside the Sukkah but for any more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] one must eat it in the Sukkah and make a Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref> The Mishna in Sukkah 25a states that one may eat a snack (achilat arai) outside of the sukkah. The Gemara Sukkah 26a, states that the quantity of an achilat arai is the amount that a yeshiva student would eat in the morning on his way to the beit midrash. Tosafot there "Tarti", say that this amount is a k'beitzah. This is the conclusion of S"A 639:2, Mishna Brurah 639:13, Biur Halacha D"H KeBaytzah, Natai Gavriel 48:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142). </ref> | ||
# If one only ate a Kezayit of bread and other foods, according to Ashkenazim this is a meal and one must eat it in the Sukkah and even make the bracha of Leshev BaSukkah<ref>Natai Gavriel 48:7</ref>, however, according to Sephardim one doesn't have to eat this in the Sukkah and even if one eats in the Sukkah one does not make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 134)</ref> | # If one only ate a Kezayit of bread and other foods, according to Ashkenazim this is a meal and one must eat it in the Sukkah and even make the bracha of Leshev BaSukkah<ref>Natai Gavriel 48:7</ref>, however, according to Sephardim one doesn't have to eat this in the Sukkah and even if one eats in the Sukkah one does not make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 134)</ref> | ||
===Fruits=== | ===Fruits=== | ||
# It is permissible to eat fruits even if one eats a lot of fruit. <ref>S"A and Rama 639:2, Natai Gavriel 50:1 </ref>Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have fruit in the Sukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143), Nitai Gavriel 50:12</ref> | # It is permissible to eat fruits even if one eats a lot of fruit. <ref> This is an argument in the gemara Yoma 79b. Tosafot 26a "tarti" rule that it is permitted even in a large quantities because fruit is always considered arai. The Rosh Sukkah 2:13 quotes the Maharam Mirutenberg that one may not eat even fruit outside the sukkah but explains that the Maharam only refers to eating more than a k'beitzah but permits eating less than a k'beitzah of fruit. S"A and Rama 639:2 rule like tosafot, as does Natai Gavriel 50:1 </ref>Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have fruit in the Sukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143), Nitai Gavriel 50:12</ref> | ||
===Drinks=== | ===Drinks=== | ||
# One may have drinks outside the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:2 </ref> However, if one sits down to drink wine in a fixed manner (not just as a snack) especially if a group of people sit to drink wine one must drink it in the Sukkah but not make the Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. According to Ashkenazim, preferably, one should not establish a fix drink of wine or beer except in a meal of a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread or at least a cooked dish made out of the five grains in which must eat in the Sukkah and could even make the Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:13, Natai Gavriel 50:3 </ref> Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have all drinks in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:2 </ref> | # One may have drinks outside the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:2 </ref> However, if one sits down to drink wine in a fixed manner (not just as a snack) especially if a group of people sit to drink wine one must drink it in the Sukkah but not make the Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. According to Ashkenazim, preferably, one should not establish a fix drink of wine or beer except in a meal of a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread or at least a cooked dish made out of the five grains in which must eat in the Sukkah and could even make the Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:13, Natai Gavriel 50:3 </ref> Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have all drinks in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:2 </ref> | ||
===Meat, Fish, Cheese=== | ===Meat, Fish, Cheese=== | ||
# If one makes a meal out of meat, fish, cheese, and the like, one should eat it in the Sukkah. However, if one doesn't eat it as a meal one may eat outside the Sukkah. <ref>Mishna | # If one makes a meal out of meat, fish, cheese, and the like, one should eat it in the Sukkah. However, if one doesn't eat it as a meal one may eat outside the Sukkah. <ref> Rosh Sukkah 2:13 quotes Rabbeinu Peretz that the leniency of eating fruit outside of the sukkah does not apply to meat, fish and cheese. S"A 639:2 doesn't rule explicitly on these items but Mishna Berurah 639:13 says that S"A implies that it is permissible to eat these items outside of the sukkah, like fruit. This is also the conlusion of Natai Gavriel 50:2 </ref> Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have meat, fish, rice, eggs, and cheese in the Sukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143). see also Halichot Olam 2: page 281. </ref> | ||
===Cookies and Cakes=== | ===Cookies and Cakes=== | ||
# If one ate a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) or a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat it in the Sukkah and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah, but it's preferable to wait in the Sukkah for some time afterwards and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the sukkah afterwards. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, Natai Gavriel 49:1-3 </ref> Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a Sukkah (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]) one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a mezonot food and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> | # If one ate a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) or a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat it in the Sukkah and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah, but it's preferable to wait in the Sukkah for some time afterwards and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the sukkah afterwards. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, Maamar Mordechai 639:2, Natai Gavriel 49:1-3 </ref> Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a Sukkah (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]) one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a mezonot food and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> | ||
===If one is middle of a meal=== | ===If one is middle of a meal=== | ||
# If one is middle of a bread meal one may not eat any food or drink outside the Sukkah and even if has food in one's mouth and one began chewing when one leaves the Sukkah one shouldn't continue chewing until one returns to the Sukkah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143) </ref> | # If one is middle of a bread meal one may not eat any food or drink outside the Sukkah and even if has food in one's mouth and one began chewing when one leaves the Sukkah one shouldn't continue chewing until one returns to the Sukkah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143) </ref> | ||
