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Eating in the Sukkah: Difference between revisions
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#If one feels crowded in the sukkah this does not constitute “suffering” and one must continue to live there.<ref>Rama 640:4. Mishna Brurah 640:26 however writes that a fastidious person for whom this is difficult is exempt. </ref> | #If one feels crowded in the sukkah this does not constitute “suffering” and one must continue to live there.<ref>Rama 640:4. Mishna Brurah 640:26 however writes that a fastidious person for whom this is difficult is exempt. </ref> | ||
#In general, one cannot claim he is suffering and that he is therefore exempt from the sukkah if others typically would not suffer from experiencing the matter he is facing.<ref>Rama 640:4. Nonetheless, the Mishna Brurah 640:29 writes that if one is a fastidious individual and other fastidious people of the same type would suffer from what he is undergoing, this would suffice to exempt him. </ref> | #In general, one cannot claim he is suffering and that he is therefore exempt from the sukkah if others typically would not suffer from experiencing the matter he is facing.<ref>Rama 640:4. Nonetheless, the Mishna Brurah 640:29 writes that if one is a fastidious individual and other fastidious people of the same type would suffer from what he is undergoing, this would suffice to exempt him. </ref> | ||
#Some poskim permit sitting under an umbrella held in hand even over ten [[Tefachim]], unlike a more permanent umbrella such as one supported by a table because it is still considered sitting under the [[schach]]. One should not recite a beracha <ref>Halichot Shlomo 2:8-20, Shalmei Moed pg. 112, She’arim Metzuyanim b’Halachah 135:5, and Nefesh Chayah OC 629 all allow sitting in the Sukkah under an umbrella. Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Piskei Shemuot p. 101) holds that it is permissible to do but unnecessary. Rav Elyashiv, quoted in Succat Chayim page 52, however, does not permit sitting in the Sukkah under an umbrella. The Brisker Rav (HaSuccah Hashalem, Miluim 13:4) did in fact do this himself. </ref> This is relevant to chol hamoed but not permitted on Shabbat or Yom Tov, when an umbrella may not be used. See [[Boneh#Umbrella]]. | |||
===Traveling=== | ===Traveling=== | ||
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#According to Ashkenazim, if one didn’t sit in the sukkah on the first night but recited kiddush with Shehechiyanu indoors, one should repeat Shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah even. According to Sephardim, one should not.<ref>The Ran (Sukkah 22a s.v. VeIm) cites the Raavad who says that if one didn’t eat in the sukkah on the first night and said shehechiyanu indoors, one should say shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah for the sukkah itself. This is codified by the Rama 641:1. Chazon Ovadia (p. 127), however, is concerned for the Bach (responsa 132) who argues that the bracha of shehechiyanu can exempt a mitzvah even if it isn’t present when the bracha was made. Seemingly, this is only relevant for the Rama under extenuating circumstances. See Eliyah Rabba 641:2. </ref> | #According to Ashkenazim, if one didn’t sit in the sukkah on the first night but recited kiddush with Shehechiyanu indoors, one should repeat Shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah even. According to Sephardim, one should not.<ref>The Ran (Sukkah 22a s.v. VeIm) cites the Raavad who says that if one didn’t eat in the sukkah on the first night and said shehechiyanu indoors, one should say shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah for the sukkah itself. This is codified by the Rama 641:1. Chazon Ovadia (p. 127), however, is concerned for the Bach (responsa 132) who argues that the bracha of shehechiyanu can exempt a mitzvah even if it isn’t present when the bracha was made. Seemingly, this is only relevant for the Rama under extenuating circumstances. See Eliyah Rabba 641:2. </ref> | ||
#If one didn’t make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on the first night of [[Sukkot]], one can make it the rest of days and nights of [[Sukkot]].<ref>Magen Avraham 643:1, Mishna Brurah 643:2, Chazon Ovadyah (pg. 95) </ref> | #If one didn’t make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on the first night of [[Sukkot]], one can make it the rest of days and nights of [[Sukkot]].<ref>Magen Avraham 643:1, Mishna Brurah 643:2, Chazon Ovadyah (pg. 95) </ref> | ||
# Some | # Some poskim hold woman shouldn't answer amen to the bracha of Leshev Bsukkah in the kiddush if they plan to drink wine or grape juice since it could be a hefsek,<ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?a=125962 Rav Dovid Yosef (Mitzvat Yeshiva Bsukkah 5781 min 9)] citing his father, Rav Ovadia Yosef, holds that it is forbidden for the women to answer amen. [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)] agrees that they shouldn't answer amen.</ref> while others allow them to answer amen.<ref>Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igrot Moshe OC 4:101:1) explains that it isn't a hefsek for a woman to answer amen to shehechiyanu in kiddush even though she already said that bracha when she lit candles. The reason is that since the one making kiddush needs to recite that bracha for himself she may answer amen.</ref> | ||
# Women may answer amen to the bracha of Leshev Basukkah at the end of kiddush even according to Sephardim that they may not recite the bracha themselves. The amen isn't considered an interruption between the kiddush and drinking wine or grape juice.<ref>Igrot Moshe OC 4:101:1</ref> | |||
===If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]]=== | ===If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]]=== | ||
#If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]], | #If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]], | ||
##According to | ##According to Ashekenazim, one is not exempt from the [[Sukkah]]. Some poskim hold that one should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop. If it does, one should eat in the [[Sukkah]] with a bracha of Leshev Basukkah. But if it doesn't, one should recite [[Kiddush]] and eat a [[kezayit]] of bread in the [[Sukkah]] without the bracha of Leshev Basukkah.<ref>Rama 639:5, Mishna Brurah 639:35 | ||
*Practically, the Rama 639: | *Practically, the Rama 639:5 writes, that if it rains one should remain in the sukkah for kiddush and eating of the first kezayit of bread. | ||
*However, the Gra (639:3), in explaining the opinion of Tosfot, writes that eating in the sukkah while it is raining is worthless since it isn’t considered a sukkah. Rather one should eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. | *However, the Gra (639:3), in explaining the opinion of Tosfot, writes that eating in the sukkah while it is raining is worthless since it isn’t considered a sukkah. Rather one should eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. | ||
*Accordingly, the Tzlach (Brachot 49b) writes that a person should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop so that one can eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. The Mishna Brurah 639:35 agrees. | *Accordingly, the Tzlach (Brachot 49b) writes that a person should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop so that one can eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. The Mishna Brurah 639:35 agrees. | ||
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*Chachmat Shlomo 639:5 writes that one is usually exempt from sitting in the Sukkah when it is raining because doing so would be causing oneself pain. On the first night, however, since it is a mitzvah to eat in the sukkah, that in and of itself is a reason why it would be considered an enjoyment and not a pain to eat in the rain. | *Chachmat Shlomo 639:5 writes that one is usually exempt from sitting in the Sukkah when it is raining because doing so would be causing oneself pain. On the first night, however, since it is a mitzvah to eat in the sukkah, that in and of itself is a reason why it would be considered an enjoyment and not a pain to eat in the rain. | ||
*Rabbi Zvi Sobolofsky (“Eating In The Succah The first Night Of Succos and Hilchos Mitztaer” min 30-3) quotes Rabbi Mordechai Willig as having ruled that if it rains on the first night of Sukkot one may say Kiddush in the Sukkah without waiting for the rain to stop. Similarly, Rav Hershel Schachter (“Inyonei Sukkos 2” min 51-2) said that if it is raining the minhag is to say Kiddush without leshev ba’sukkah, eat a kezayit of bread in the sukkah, and then if it stops raining have another kezayit in the sukkah.</ref> Other poskim hold that one may say [[Kiddush]] in the [[Sukkah]] without waiting for the rain to stop.<ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/749248/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/_Eating_In_The_Succah_The_first_Night_Of_Succos_and_Hilchos_Mitztaer# Rabbi Tzvi Sobolovsky in a shiur on yutorah.org (min 30-3)] quotes Rabbi Mordechai Willig as having ruled that if it rains on the first night of [[Sukkot]] one may say [[Kiddush]] in the [[Sukkah]] without waiting for the rain to stop. </ref> | *Rabbi Zvi Sobolofsky (“Eating In The Succah The first Night Of Succos and Hilchos Mitztaer” min 30-3) quotes Rabbi Mordechai Willig as having ruled that if it rains on the first night of Sukkot one may say Kiddush in the Sukkah without waiting for the rain to stop. Similarly, Rav Hershel Schachter (“Inyonei Sukkos 2” min 51-2) said that if it is raining the minhag is to say Kiddush without leshev ba’sukkah, eat a kezayit of bread in the sukkah, and then if it stops raining have another kezayit in the sukkah.</ref> Other poskim hold that one may say [[Kiddush]] in the [[Sukkah]] without waiting for the rain to stop.<ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/749248/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/_Eating_In_The_Succah_The_first_Night_Of_Succos_and_Hilchos_Mitztaer# Rabbi Tzvi Sobolovsky in a shiur on yutorah.org (min 30-3)] quotes Rabbi Mordechai Willig as having ruled that if it rains on the first night of [[Sukkot]] one may say [[Kiddush]] in the [[Sukkah]] without waiting for the rain to stop. </ref> | ||
#If one recited [[Kiddush]] and ate a [[ | ##If the weather forecast is that there is supposed to be rain all night, even according to Ashkenazim, it isn't necessary to wait any amount of time and it is fine to immediately make Kiddush without the bracha of Leshev Basukkah and eat a kezayit of bread in the Sukkah.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)]</ref> | ||
# | ##When eating a kezayit of bread in the Sukkah and then going inside, a person should eat a little bit of bread inside so that he can recite birkat hamazon inside.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)]</ref> | ||
##According to Sephardim, one is exempt from the [[Sukkah]] and one should eat in the house.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 639:3-5 rules like the Rashba that one is not obligated to eat in the Sukkah besides the first night and one is not obligated to eat in the Sukkah on the first night if it rains. Chazon Ovadia (p. 100 and 122) rules like Shulchan Aruch in both instances. </ref> However, if one wants to be strict one may wait a little bit for the rain to stop but one should not wait too long which would cause oneself pain on [[Yom Tov]]. If after eating the house the rains stops then if it’s before [[chatzot]] (halachic midnight) one should go into the [[Sukkah]] to eat one [[kezayit]] of bread and make Leshev Basukkah and if it’s after [[chatzot]] one shouldn’t recite the bracha of Leshev unless one eats a [[KeBaytzah|kebaytzah]] of bread.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 140), Chazon Ovadyah ([[Sukkot]] pg 122) </ref> | |||
#If one recited [[Kiddush]] and ate a [[keyazit]] of bread in the [[Sukkah]] while it was raining and then one wakes up in the middle of the night and sees that it is not raining, some poskim hold that one does not have to get up to eat in the [[Sukkah]],<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:36</ref> while others hold that one should get up to eat more than a kebeytzah of bread in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/749248/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/_Eating_In_The_Succah_The_first_Night_Of_Succos_and_Hilchos_Mitztaer# Rabbi Tzvi Sobolovsky in a shiur on yutorah.org (min 30-5)] quotes Rabbi Mordechai Willig as having ruled that if it rains on the first night of [[Sukkot]] and one ate in the [[Sukkah]], and then fell asleep, if one wakes up and sees that it stopped raining, one should get up and eat a [[Kezayit]] in the [[Sukkah]] in order to be certain that one fulfilled this mitzvah deoritta. [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)] agrees that he should eat again in the Sukkah. He adds that someone who woke up should even wake others up in order to fulfill this mitzvah. </ref> | |||
#It is permissible for the men to make Kiddush in the Sukkah and the women and those who are exempt from Sukkah to listen to the Kiddush while staying inside.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 273:6, Mishna Brurah 273:28. [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)] writes that in such a situation the women should make kiddush for themselves inside.</ref> | |||
#If the rain stops but your Sukkah is still too wet to sit in, and someone else has a Sukkah which had a shlok (roof) on their Sukkah to protect it from the rain on the first two nights of Sukkot he must go and eat in his friends Sukkah that is dry.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/1076067/Piskei-Rav-Schachter:-Rain-on-the-First-Two-Nights-of-Sukkos Rav Hershel Schachter (Teshuva Tishrei 5784)] explains that the type of mista'er (pain that exempts a person from Sukkah) to have to go to his friend's Sukkah only exempts him the other days of Sukkot but not the first two nights of Sukkah since at the time when he's sitting in the Sukkah he won't be mista'er. </ref> | |||
=== If it rains the second night of [[Sukkot]] === | |||
# If it rains the second night of Sukkot, according to Ashkenazim, it isn't necessary to wait to see if the rain is going to stop. He should just recite Kiddush inside and at the end of the meal eat a kezayit of bread in the Sukkah, even if the rain has not yet stopped. If it is still raining he should not recite Leshev Basukkah. If afterwards it stopped raining he should return to the Sukkah to eat more than a Kebaytzah with a bracha of Leshev Basukkah. This is the strict halacha, however, some poskim hold that it is proper even on the second night to wait a little bit to see if the rain is going to stop.<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:36. In Shaar Hatziyun 639: 71 he cites Magen Avraham who is lenient not to require sitting in the Sukkah at all on the second day if it is raining, but rejects that opinion because Radvaz and Eliya Rabba argue that the second day is like the first day for this matter. </ref> | |||
## Some poskim argue that it isn't necessary to sit in the rain in the Sukkah on the second day of Sukkot. If someone wants to be strict they may eat a kezayit of bread in the Sukkah in the middle or end of the meal.<ref>Magen Avraham 639:15, Shulchan Aruch Harav 639:19, Aruch Hashulchan 639:18</ref> | |||
==Kiddush During the Day== | ==Kiddush During the Day== | ||
