Eating in the Sukkah: Difference between revisions
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===Meat, Fish, Cheese=== | ===Meat, Fish, Cheese=== | ||
#If one makes a meal out of meat, fish, cheese, and the like, one should eat it in the [[Sukkah]]. However, if one doesn't eat it as a meal one may eat outside the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Rosh [[Sukkah]] 2:13 quotes Rabbeinu Peretz that the leniency of eating fruit outside of the [[sukkah]] does not apply to meat, fish and cheese. Shulchan Aruch 639:2 doesn't rule explicitly on these items but Mishna Brurah 639:13 says that Shulchan Aruch implies that it is permissible to eat these items outside of the [[sukkah]], like fruit. This is also the | #If one makes a meal out of meat, fish, cheese, and the like, one should eat it in the [[Sukkah]]. However, if one doesn't eat it as a meal one may eat outside the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Rosh [[Sukkah]] 2:13 quotes Rabbeinu Peretz that the leniency of eating fruit outside of the [[sukkah]] does not apply to meat, fish and cheese. Shulchan Aruch O.C. 639:2 doesn't rule explicitly on these items but Mishna Brurah 639:13 says that Shulchan Aruch implies that it is permissible to eat these items outside of the [[sukkah]], like fruit. This is also the conclusion of Natai Gavriel 50:2 </ref> Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have meat, fish, rice, eggs, and cheese in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Sukkot]] pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143). see also Halichot Olam 2: page 281. </ref> Some say that it is proper to eat these foods in a Sukkah if one is having them as a meal.<Ref>Beyt Dovid Hilchot Sukkot (R' Dovid Shaul) p. 249 16:19 writes that it is proper to be strict to eat meat, fish, cheese, chullent, potatoes, eggs, cornflakes, and other similar foods which are filling in the Sukkah. He quotes this from Rav Elyashiv.</ref> | ||
===Cookies and Cakes=== | ===Cookies and Cakes=== | ||
#If one ate more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) one must eat it in the [[Sukkah]] and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. If one eating it as a snack and not a meal then it is preferable to establish one's residence in the [[Sukkah]] for a brief time before or after eating and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=20231&pgnum=604 Maamar Mordechai 639:3], [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=46442&pgnum=245 Natai Gavriel 49:1-3]. Both the Maamar Mordechai and Nitai Gavriel clarify that there's no distinction between Pat Haba Bkisnin and other cooked mezonot dishes. | #If one ate more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) one must eat it in the [[Sukkah]] and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. If one eating it as a snack and not a meal then it is preferable to establish one's residence in the [[Sukkah]] for a brief time before or after eating and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=20231&pgnum=604 Maamar Mordechai 639:3], [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=46442&pgnum=245 Natai Gavriel 49:1-3]. Both the Maamar Mordechai and Nitai Gavriel clarify that there's no distinction between Pat Haba Bkisnin and other cooked mezonot dishes. Divrei Dovid 1:40 agrees and writes that if someone has a meal of noodles they must eat it in the sukkah. Rav Ovadia is quoted in Mshiurei Maran Rishon Letzion v. 1 p. 110 that one can eat up to 55 grams of noodles out of a sukkah. | ||
*The Gemara Yoma 79b establishes that there's no obligation to eat fruit in the Sukkah. However, there is one suggestion in the gemara that fruit would require a Sukkah and the gemara isn't completely conclusive. The gemara does indicate that targima would require a Sukkah. Rosh Sukkah 2:13 and Rambam Sukkah 6:6 rule that fruit doesn't need a Sukkah, but the Rosh quotes the Maharam who was strict to eat fruit in the Sukkah. The Rosh clarifies that even the Maharam was only strict if he established the fruit as a meal and not a snack. What is targima? Tosfot 79b s.v. mini cites Rashi as explaining targima to mean fruit and rejecting that explanation. Tosfot Yeshanim 79b s.v. mini based on Tosefta Brachot 4:4 explains targima to be cooked mezonot dishes. Tosfot Harosh 79b s.v. mah and Rosh Sukkah 2:13 agrees. However, Rosh also cites Rabbenu Peretz who explains that meat and cheese are considered targima. | *The Gemara Yoma 79b establishes that there's no obligation to eat fruit in the Sukkah. However, there is one suggestion in the gemara that fruit would require a Sukkah and the gemara isn't completely conclusive. The gemara does indicate that targima would require a Sukkah. Rosh Sukkah 2:13 and Rambam Sukkah 6:6 rule that fruit doesn't need a Sukkah, but the Rosh quotes the Maharam who was strict to eat fruit in the Sukkah. The Rosh clarifies that even the Maharam was only strict if he established the fruit as a meal and not a snack. What is targima? Tosfot 79b s.v. mini cites Rashi as explaining targima to mean fruit and rejecting that explanation. Tosfot Yeshanim 79b s.v. mini based on Tosefta Brachot 4:4 explains targima to be cooked mezonot dishes. Tosfot Harosh 79b s.v. mah and Rosh Sukkah 2:13 agrees. However, Rosh also cites Rabbenu Peretz who explains that meat and cheese are considered targima. | ||
*Based on Tosfot and Rosh, Tur and Shulchan Aruch 639:2 conclude that for cooked mezonot dishes require a Sukkah if one establishes them as a meal. What is a keviyut seudah? The Maamar Mordechai 639:3 learns from the Magen Avraham 639:6 that keviyut seudah depends on a person's intention to have a meal as opposed to have a snack and not on any objective amount. Aruch Hashulchan 639:9 and Biur Halacha 639:2 s.v. im agree. The Magen Avraham 639:6 disagrees with the Rosh that keviyut seudah isn't whatever a person has for a meal but anything more than a Kbeytzah. The Mishna Brurah 639:15 is concerned for the Rosh but doesn't require a bracha of leshev. | *Based on Tosfot and Rosh, Tur and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 639:2 conclude that for cooked mezonot dishes require a Sukkah if one establishes them as a meal. What is a keviyut seudah? The Maamar Mordechai 639:3 learns from the Magen Avraham 639:6 that keviyut seudah depends on a person's intention to have a meal as opposed to have a snack and not on any objective amount. Aruch Hashulchan 639:9 and Biur Halacha 639:2 s.v. im agree. The Magen Avraham 639:6 disagrees with the Rosh that keviyut seudah isn't whatever a person has for a meal but anything more than a Kbeytzah. The Mishna Brurah 639:15 is concerned for the Rosh but doesn't require a bracha of leshev. | ||
*Cooked Dish: Maamar Mordechai 639:3, Aruch Hashulchan 639:9, and Nitai Gavriel 49:1-3 | *Cooked Dish: Maamar Mordechai 639:3, Aruch Hashulchan 639:9, and Nitai Gavriel 49:1-3 hold that there is no distinction between a cooked dish and Pat Haba Bkisnin. | ||
*Ginat Veradim 4:6 writes that everyone would agree that more than a Kbeytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin requires a Sukkah with a bracha. However, Chida (Machzik Bracha 639:5) points out that the Ginat Veradim has no proof and instead concludes that only for more than a Kbeytzah of bread should one recite a leshev bsukkah since there isn't a definite obligation to have Pat Haba Bkisnin in a Sukkah. | *Ginat Veradim 4:6 writes that everyone would agree that more than a Kbeytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin requires a Sukkah with a bracha. However, Chida (Machzik Bracha 639:5) points out that the Ginat Veradim has no proof and instead concludes that only for more than a Kbeytzah of bread should one recite a leshev bsukkah since there isn't a definite obligation to have Pat Haba Bkisnin in a Sukkah. | ||
*Mishna Brurah 639:16 concludes that if one has intention to have a meal with mezonot, there is no distinction between Pat Haba Bekisnin and a cooked dish mezonot, both require a Sukkah with a bracha of Leshev. However, if one doesn't have intention to have a meal with mezonot, according to the Rosh there's no obligation to have it in a Sukkah and according to the Magen Avraham there is. Although the halacha doesn't follow the Magen Avraham, the minhag is to follow the Magen Avraham to recite a leshev for more than a Kbeytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin. | *Mishna Brurah 639:16 concludes that if one has intention to have a meal with mezonot, there is no distinction between Pat Haba Bekisnin and a cooked dish mezonot, both require a Sukkah with a bracha of Leshev. However, if one doesn't have intention to have a meal with mezonot, according to the Rosh there's no obligation to have it in a Sukkah and according to the Magen Avraham there is. Although the halacha doesn't follow the Magen Avraham, the minhag is to follow the Magen Avraham to recite a leshev for more than a Kbeytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin. | ||
*[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=49175&pgnum=344 Shoneh Halachot 639:10-11] clarifies that this minhag only applies to Pat Haba Bkisnin and not cooked dish mezonot. Therefore, if one ate more than a K'beytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin one should eat in the Sukkah. If one is eating that as a meal one should recite a bracha of Leshev Bsukkah. Even if one isn't eating it as a meal nonetheless the minhag is to recite a bracha of Leshev. However, to avoid a question of a bracha levatala a person should sit down for some time to establish their residence in the sukkah. If one ate less than a K'beytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin it is considered a snack and doesn't require a sukkah. Yet, if one ate more than a K'beytzah of a cooked dish of mezonot if one eats it as a meal one should recite a Leshev. However, if one doesn't intend to eat it as a meal one should eat it in the Sukkah without reciting a leshev. | *[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=49175&pgnum=344 Shoneh Halachot 639:10-11] clarifies that this minhag only applies to Pat Haba Bkisnin and not cooked dish mezonot. Therefore, if one ate more than a K'beytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin one should eat in the Sukkah. If one is eating that as a meal one should recite a bracha of Leshev Bsukkah. Even if one isn't eating it as a meal nonetheless the minhag is to recite a bracha of Leshev. However, to avoid a question of a bracha levatala a person should sit down for some time to establish their residence in the sukkah. If one ate less than a K'beytzah of Pat Haba Bkisnin it is considered a snack and doesn't require a sukkah. Yet, if one ate more than a K'beytzah of a cooked dish of mezonot if one eats it as a meal one should recite a Leshev. However, if one doesn't intend to eat it as a meal one should eat it in the Sukkah without reciting a leshev. | ||
*However, Nitai Gavriel Sukkot 49:3 argues that if one eats more than a Kbeytzah of any mezonot food the Ashkenazic minhag is to recite a Leshev Bsukkah.</ref> | *However, Nitai Gavriel Sukkot 49:3 argues that if one eats more than a Kbeytzah of any mezonot food the Ashkenazic minhag is to recite a Leshev Bsukkah.</ref> | ||
#If one ate more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat in the Sukkah. If one establishes it as a meal one should recite a Leshev Basukkah. If one is just eating it as a snack, according to Ashkenazim, there is a dispute if one should recite a Leshev Basukkah.<ref>See previous | ##Some say that this short while is a half hour.<ref>Piskei Hahalachot 639:26 quoting Rav Elyashiv (Ashrei Haish 26:15)</ref> | ||
#Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a [[Sukkah]] (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]), one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a [[Pat Haba Bkisnin]] food, and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. For cooked dish mezonot foods there is no bracha of leshev basukkah.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Sukkot]] pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> | ##If one is going to stay a short in the sukkah and eat a kebeytzah of pat haba bkisnin one should recite a bracha of leshev bsukkah before the mezonot. Some poskim that one can recite it between the mezonot and eating.<ref>Piskei Hahalachot 639:30 quotes a dispute between Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata ch. 45 fnt. 45) and Rav Nissim Karelitz (Chut Shani p. 250) whether one should recite leshev bsukkah in advance of reciting mezonot so that it isn't an interruption between the mezonot and eating since the bracha isn't upon the eating exclusively. Rav Karelitz argues that one can recite leshev between the mezonot and eating as usual since the bracha of lshehev is primarily for the eating.</ref> | ||
#If one ate more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat in the Sukkah. If one establishes it as a meal one should recite a Leshev Basukkah. If one is just eating it as a snack, according to Ashkenazim, there is a dispute if one should recite a Leshev Basukkah.<ref>See footnotes to the previous halacha.</ref> | |||
#Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a [[Sukkah]] (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]), one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a [[Pat Haba Bkisnin]] food, and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. For cooked dish mezonot foods there is no bracha of leshev basukkah.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Sukkot]] pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> If one made a meal out of the noodles with 162 grams one must eat it in the sukkah and recite the bracha of Leshev Bsukkah even according to Sephardim.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 639:2, Chazon Ovadia p. 136. Yalkut Yosef (Sukkah, 5775, p. 690) holds that we recite a bracha like the Shoel Vnishal 3:95 and 3:165 and Etz Shatul 49 unlike the Ben Ish Chai (Yedey Chaim p. 93). </ref> | |||
===If one is in the middle of a meal=== | ===If one is in the middle of a meal=== | ||
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#Anytime one “leaves completely” from the sukkah he must make a new bracha upon returning to the sukkah if he desires to eat foods requiring a leshev ba’sukkah. “Leaving completely” includes anytime a person plans on leaving the sukkah and not returning immediately thereby causing him to forget about the fact that he is planning on returning to the sukkah soon (“hesech ha’daas”).<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:46. It may be that this only applies while one is in the midst of his meal, however if after birkat hamazon one leaves for even a small amount of time it could be that he is obligated to make a new bracha upon returning. However, the Shaar Ha’tziyun 639:91 concludes safek brachos le’hakel. </ref> | #Anytime one “leaves completely” from the sukkah he must make a new bracha upon returning to the sukkah if he desires to eat foods requiring a leshev ba’sukkah. “Leaving completely” includes anytime a person plans on leaving the sukkah and not returning immediately thereby causing him to forget about the fact that he is planning on returning to the sukkah soon (“hesech ha’daas”).<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:46. It may be that this only applies while one is in the midst of his meal, however if after birkat hamazon one leaves for even a small amount of time it could be that he is obligated to make a new bracha upon returning. However, the Shaar Ha’tziyun 639:91 concludes safek brachos le’hakel. </ref> | ||
===If | ===If One Is Not Eating=== | ||
#If one plans to sit or sleep in the sukkah for a significant period of time without eating foods that require a sukkah, one should not recite a bracha of leshev ba’sukkah. Some poskim, however, assume that one can recite leshev ba’sukkah.<ref>*The Gemara (Sukkah 45b) records a dispute whether one should recite one bracha of leshev ba’sukkah for all of Sukkot or for each day. Tosfot (s.v. echad) explains that the opinion who says to make it each day really holds one should recite a bracha each time one enters the sukkah. The Rosh (Sukkah 4:3), Rif (22a), and Rambam (Sukkah 6:12) hold like the opinion who holds one should make it each time one enters the sukkah. | #If one plans to sit or sleep in the sukkah for a significant period of time without eating foods that require a sukkah, one should not recite a bracha of leshev ba’sukkah. Some poskim, however, assume that one can recite leshev ba’sukkah.<ref> | ||
*The Gemara (Sukkah 45b) records a dispute whether one should recite one bracha of leshev ba’sukkah for all of Sukkot or for each day. Tosfot (s.v. echad) explains that the opinion who says to make it each day really holds one should recite a bracha each time one enters the sukkah. The Rosh (Sukkah 4:3), Rif (22a), and Rambam (Sukkah 6:12) hold like the opinion who holds one should make it each time one enters the sukkah. | |||
*The Rosh notes that the minhag is only to recite the bracha when sitting down to eat in the sukkah since it is most permanent of one’s actions in the sukkah. S”A 639:4 and Rama codify this minhag. Nonetheless, the Chaye Adam 147:15 and Mishna Brurah 639:45 write that if one enters the sukkah for a significant amount of time and doesn’t eat, one should still recite a bracha since there’s nothing to exempt that time spent in the sukkah. The Piskei Teshuvot (p. 377) cites a dispute whether we accept the Chaye Adam and suggests that one should avoid this situation by eating some food that requires a leshev ba’sukkah.</ref> | *The Rosh notes that the minhag is only to recite the bracha when sitting down to eat in the sukkah since it is most permanent of one’s actions in the sukkah. S”A 639:4 and Rama codify this minhag. Nonetheless, the Chaye Adam 147:15 and Mishna Brurah 639:45 write that if one enters the sukkah for a significant amount of time and doesn’t eat, one should still recite a bracha since there’s nothing to exempt that time spent in the sukkah. The Piskei Teshuvot (p. 377) cites a dispute whether we accept the Chaye Adam and suggests that one should avoid this situation by eating some food that requires a leshev ba’sukkah.</ref> | ||
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#On the first night of Sukkot, one should wait to do [[Kiddush]] until after [[Tzet HaKochavim]]. However, after the fact if one made [[Kiddish|Kiddush]] during [[Bein HaShemashot]] and ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread one should make sure to have another [[Kezayit]] after [[Tzet HaKochavim|Tzet HaKochavim,]] but one doesn’t need to make another Bracha of LeShev BaSukkah.<ref>Rama 639:3 writes that one make sure not to eat until nighttime. Mishna Brurah 639:25 explains that this is based on the connection between [[Pesach]] and [[Sukkot]] and by [[Matzah]] one may only eat at night as it says in the פסוק. Mishna Brurah continues that after the fact if one ate one should eat another [[Kezayit]] but not make another LeShev BaSukkah because of [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]]. Nitei Gavriel ([[Sukkot]] 38:12) extends the Rama to not even making [[Kiddish]] before nighttime. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 138) agrees with the above halachot. </ref> | #On the first night of Sukkot, one should wait to do [[Kiddush]] until after [[Tzet HaKochavim]]. However, after the fact if one made [[Kiddish|Kiddush]] during [[Bein HaShemashot]] and ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread one should make sure to have another [[Kezayit]] after [[Tzet HaKochavim|Tzet HaKochavim,]] but one doesn’t need to make another Bracha of LeShev BaSukkah.<ref>Rama 639:3 writes that one make sure not to eat until nighttime. Mishna Brurah 639:25 explains that this is based on the connection between [[Pesach]] and [[Sukkot]] and by [[Matzah]] one may only eat at night as it says in the פסוק. Mishna Brurah continues that after the fact if one ate one should eat another [[Kezayit]] but not make another LeShev BaSukkah because of [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]]. Nitei Gavriel ([[Sukkot]] 38:12) extends the Rama to not even making [[Kiddish]] before nighttime. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 138) agrees with the above halachot. </ref> | ||
#The order of Kiddush is hagefen, kiddush hayom, leshev ba’sukkah, and then on the first night, shehechiyanu. The reason that leshev follows kiddush hayom is because we only sit in the sukkah due to the sanctity of the day. Also, we delay shehechiyanu until the end in order to ensure that it covers both the kiddush hayom and the sukkah itself.<ref> | #The order of Kiddush is hagefen, kiddush hayom, leshev ba’sukkah, and then on the first night, shehechiyanu. The reason that leshev follows kiddush hayom is because we only sit in the sukkah due to the sanctity of the day. Also, we delay shehechiyanu until the end in order to ensure that it covers both the kiddush hayom and the sukkah itself.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 643:1, Mishna Brurah 643:1, Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 95 </ref> After the fact, if one made [[Shehecheyanu]] before [[Kiddish|Kiddush]] one fulfilled one's obligation (and one shouldn't go repeat it after [[Kiddish]]).<ref>Mishna Brurah 643:3 </ref> | ||
#According to Ashkenazim, if one didn’t sit in the sukkah on the first night but recited kiddush with Shehechiyanu indoors, one should repeat Shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah even. According to Sephardim, one should not.<ref>The Ran (Sukkah 22a s.v. VeIm) cites the Raavad who says that if one didn’t eat in the sukkah on the first night and said shehechiyanu indoors, one should say shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah for the sukkah itself. This is codified by the Rama 641:1. Chazon Ovadia (p. 127), however, is concerned for the Bach (responsa 132) who argues that the bracha of shehechiyanu can exempt a mitzvah even if it isn’t present when the bracha was made. Seemingly, this is only relevant for the Rama under extenuating circumstances. See Eliyah Rabba 641:2. </ref> | #According to Ashkenazim, if one didn’t sit in the sukkah on the first night but recited kiddush with Shehechiyanu indoors, one should repeat Shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah even. According to Sephardim, one should not.<ref>The Ran (Sukkah 22a s.v. VeIm) cites the Raavad who says that if one didn’t eat in the sukkah on the first night and said shehechiyanu indoors, one should say shehechiyanu the next time one eats in the sukkah for the sukkah itself. This is codified by the Rama 641:1. Chazon Ovadia (p. 127), however, is concerned for the Bach (responsa 132) who argues that the bracha of shehechiyanu can exempt a mitzvah even if it isn’t present when the bracha was made. Seemingly, this is only relevant for the Rama under extenuating circumstances. See Eliyah Rabba 641:2. </ref> | ||
#If one didn’t make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on the first night of [[Sukkot]], one can make it the rest of days and nights of [[Sukkot]].<ref>Magen Avraham 643:1, Mishna Brurah 643:2, Chazon Ovadyah (pg. 95) </ref> | #If one didn’t make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on the first night of [[Sukkot]], one can make it the rest of days and nights of [[Sukkot]].<ref>Magen Avraham 643:1, Mishna Brurah 643:2, Chazon Ovadyah (pg. 95) </ref> | ||
# Some Sephardi poskim hold woman shouldn't answer Amen to the bracha of Leshev Bsukkah in the kiddush if they plan to drink wine or grape juice since it could be a hefsek.<ref>[https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?a=125962 Rav Dovid Yosef (Mitzvat Yeshiva Bsukkah 5781 min 9)] citing his father, Rav Ovadia Yosef</ref> | |||
===If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]]=== | ===If it rains the first night of [[Sukkot]]=== | ||
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##According to Ashekenazim, some poskim hold that one is not exempt from the [[Sukkah]] and one should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop if it does then one should eat in the [[Sukkah]] with a bracha of Leshev BaSukkah but if it doesn't one should recite [[Kiddush]] and eat a [[Kezayit]] of bread in the [[Sukkah]] without the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah.<ref>Rama 639:5, Mishna Brurah 639:35 | ##According to Ashekenazim, some poskim hold that one is not exempt from the [[Sukkah]] and one should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop if it does then one should eat in the [[Sukkah]] with a bracha of Leshev BaSukkah but if it doesn't one should recite [[Kiddush]] and eat a [[Kezayit]] of bread in the [[Sukkah]] without the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah.<ref>Rama 639:5, Mishna Brurah 639:35 | ||
*Practically, the Rama 639: | *Practically, the Rama 639:5 writes, that if it rains one should remain in the sukkah for kiddush and eating of the first kezayit of bread. | ||
*However, the Gra (639:3), in explaining the opinion of Tosfot, writes that eating in the sukkah while it is raining is worthless since it isn’t considered a sukkah. Rather one should eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. | *However, the Gra (639:3), in explaining the opinion of Tosfot, writes that eating in the sukkah while it is raining is worthless since it isn’t considered a sukkah. Rather one should eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. | ||
*Accordingly, the Tzlach (Brachot 49b) writes that a person should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop so that one can eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. The Mishna Brurah 639:35 agrees. | *Accordingly, the Tzlach (Brachot 49b) writes that a person should wait an hour or two for the rain to stop so that one can eat in the sukkah after it stops raining. The Mishna Brurah 639:35 agrees. | ||
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==Learning in the Sukkah== | ==Learning in the Sukkah== | ||
#One should learn in the [[Sukkah]] unless one isn't unable to concentrate in which case one should learn inside.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 639:4. Nitei Gavriel 58:1 quotes the Yarot Dvash (Dorosh 6 s.v. VeZehu) who explains that one who sits in the [[sukkah]] with pure intent, learns, and enjoys the holiday merits a special level of divine presence.</ref> | #One should learn in the [[Sukkah]] unless one isn't unable to concentrate in which case one should learn inside.<ref>Gemara Sukkah 28b, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 639:4. Nitei Gavriel 58:1 quotes the Yarot Dvash (Dorosh 6 s.v. VeZehu) who explains that one who sits in the [[sukkah]] with pure intent, learns, and enjoys the holiday merits a special level of divine presence. | ||
* Is spending time in the sukkah an obligation? Toratcha Shashu'ay (Binyanei Sukkah by R' Toledano ch. 1) quotes Tosfot Rabbi Yehuda Hachiddush Brachot 11b who says that there's no prohibition to do tiyul and learning outside of a sukkah and it is only a mitzvah if you want to. However, Rashi Sukkah 48a s.v. lo says it is an obligation to learn in the sukkah and also Baal Hameor end of pesachim says this as well regarding tiyul. There's two versions of the Rosh Brachot 1:13 regarding this question. Shaar Hatziyun 629:29 holds it is an obligation.</ref> | |||
#If the cold or heat (if one doesn't have air conditioning in the [[Sukkah]]) bothers oneself and one can't concentrate to learn one may learn inside.<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29 writes that if it's too cold for oneself in the [[sukkah]] and one can't concentrate one may learn inside. Natai Gavriel 48:7 extends this where it's too hot and one doesn't have air conditioning in the [[sukkah]]. </ref> | #If the cold or heat (if one doesn't have air conditioning in the [[Sukkah]]) bothers oneself and one can't concentrate to learn one may learn inside.<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29 writes that if it's too cold for oneself in the [[sukkah]] and one can't concentrate one may learn inside. Natai Gavriel 48:7 extends this where it's too hot and one doesn't have air conditioning in the [[sukkah]]. </ref> | ||
#If it's a pain to bring all the Seforim into the [[Sukkah]] many times (as one needs the space to eat or sleep) then one doesn't have to learn in the [[Sukkah]], however, if one can leave all the Seforim in the [[Sukkah]] for the entire holiday one must do that.<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29, Natai Gavriel 58:3. see also Kaf Hachaim 639:62 Chazon Ovadia [[Sukkot]] pg. 127 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 141 </ref> | #If it's a pain to bring all the Seforim into the [[Sukkah]] many times (as one needs the space to eat or sleep) then one doesn't have to learn in the [[Sukkah]], however, if one can leave all the Seforim in the [[Sukkah]] for the entire holiday one must do that.<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29, Natai Gavriel 58:3. see also Kaf Hachaim 639:62 Chazon Ovadia [[Sukkot]] pg. 127 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 141 </ref> | ||
#One who usually learns in a Bet Midrash doesn't have to learn in a [[Sukkah]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch HaRav 639:4, Kaf HaChaim 639:63, Natai Gavriel 58:6 </ref> | #One who usually learns in a Bet Midrash doesn't have to learn in a [[Sukkah]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch HaRav 639:4, Kaf HaChaim 639:63, Natai Gavriel 58:6 </ref> | ||
#One should pray in a shul and not in one's [[Sukkah]] even if one can get a [[minyan]] in the [[Sukkah]]. If there's no shul in one's city if one is able to concentrate in the [[Sukkah]] one should pray in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch 639:4 writes that if one wants one may pray in the [[Sukkah]]. The Mishna Brurah 639:30 explains that in the place where one has greater kavanah (concentration) one should pray unless there is a shul in the city in which case one should go there (because during the rest of the year one would leave one's house to go to the shul. Pri Megadim (M"Z 639:14), Kaf HaChaim 639:67, and Nitei Gavriel 58:8 add that one should pray in the established shul even if one can get a [[minyan]] in the [[Sukkah]]. </ref> | ==Davening in a Sukkah== | ||
#If one usually does [[Havdalah]] at home during [[Sukkot]] one should do it in the [[Sukkah]]. However, those who listen to [[Havdalah]] in the shul can do so also on [[Sukkot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:30, Shaar HaTziyun 639:57, Kaf HaChaim 639:66. </ref> If one does it in the succah there is a discussion if you should recite the beracha.<ref>Shevet HaLevi 6:42 writes that no beracha of leshev basuccah is recited upon havdalah because it isn't a keviat seuda. However, Chazon Ish quoted in Rivevos Efrayim 1:428 and 3:424 rules that since it is wine for [[havdala]] it elevates the level of drinking to keviat seuda, and therefore would require the beracha. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata ch. 58 fnt. 103 cited by Dirshu 639:36) agrees. Rav Elyashiv in Succas Chayim page 202 rules that this applies only to wine and not to grape juice. The Steipler in Orchos Rabbeinu 2: page 228 as well as Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchita 58:22 recommend eating bread immediately after [[havdala]] to avoid any doubts, and recite leseh basuccah Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita recommends reciting the leshev basuccah before the boreh pri hagefen. Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 9:163 says that one should have in mind when eating seudat shlishit to have in mind specifically, that the leshev basukkah recited then will not cover [[havdala]], then when reciting [[havdala]] say the beracha and immediately start eating melaveh malka. </ref> | #One should pray in a shul and not in one's [[Sukkah]] even if one can get a [[minyan]] in the [[Sukkah]]. If there's no shul in one's city if one is able to concentrate in the [[Sukkah]] one should pray in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 639:4 writes that if one wants one may pray in the [[Sukkah]]. The Mishna Brurah 639:30 explains that in the place where one has greater kavanah (concentration) one should pray unless there is a shul in the city in which case one should go there (because during the rest of the year one would leave one's house to go to the shul. Pri Megadim (M"Z 639:14), Kaf HaChaim 639:67, and Nitei Gavriel 58:8 add that one should pray in the established shul even if one can get a [[minyan]] in the [[Sukkah]]. </ref> | ||
==Havdalah in a Sukkah== | |||
#If one usually does [[Havdalah]] at home during [[Sukkot]] one should do it in the [[Sukkah]]. However, those who listen to [[Havdalah]] in the shul can do so also on [[Sukkot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 639:30, Shaar HaTziyun 639:57, Kaf HaChaim 639:66. | |||
Taz 639:14 explains that davening which is usually outside one's house can be in a shul since it is always outside the house. However, those who generally do havdalah at their house should do it in the sukkah. Pri Megadim M"Z 639:14 writes that the minhag is to do havdalah in the sukkah. The Taz and Mishna Brurah seem to be understanding that the reason to do havdalah in the sukkah is because one should spend one's time and do all of one's normal household activities in one's sukkah. Since one normally does havdalah at home one should do it in the sukkah. Hilchot Chag Bchag ch. 13 fnt. 30 and Shoshanat Yisrael p. 113 understand the Mishna Brurah this way. However, the Shevet Halevi 6:42 understands that the reason to do havdalah in the sukkah seems only to be because havdalah is an established way to drink wine and that requires a sukkah (see Magen Avraham 639:5). If that is the case, in fact, Rav Ovadia (Chazon Ovadia Sukkaot p. 140) disagrees and thinks that there's no obligation to do havdalah in the sukkah since even drinking wine in an established way doesn't need a sukkah according to the Rama 639:2. Additionally, Shoshat Yisrael cites Rav Shlomo Miller as holding that the only reason to do havdalah in the sukkah is because of the drinking.</ref> If one does it in the succah there is a discussion if you should recite the beracha.<ref>Shevet HaLevi 6:42 writes that no beracha of leshev basuccah is recited upon havdalah because it isn't a keviat seuda. However, Chazon Ish quoted in Rivevos Efrayim 1:428 and 3:424 rules that since it is wine for [[havdala]] it elevates the level of drinking to keviat seuda, and therefore would require the beracha. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata ch. 58 fnt. 103 cited by Dirshu 639:36) agrees. Rav Elyashiv in Succas Chayim page 202 rules that this applies only to wine and not to grape juice. The Steipler in Orchos Rabbeinu 2: page 228 as well as Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchita 58:22 recommend eating bread immediately after [[havdala]] to avoid any doubts, and recite leseh basuccah Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita recommends reciting the leshev basuccah before the boreh pri hagefen. Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 9:163 says that one should have in mind when eating seudat shlishit to have in mind specifically, that the leshev basukkah recited then will not cover [[havdala]], then when reciting [[havdala]] say the beracha and immediately start eating melaveh malka. </ref> | |||
# Some say that the if it is difficult to hear for a man to hear havdalah in the sukkah it is permissible for him to listen to havdalah from someone who is exempt from the sukkah because he is pained by going to the sukkah and is saying it outside the sukkah.<ref>Shoshat Yisrael p. 113 quoting Rav Shlomo Miller because there's no reason the one listening to the havdalah needs to be in the sukkah, just the one drinking.</ref> | |||
#Sephardim hold that it is not necessary to recite havdalah in the sukkah.<Ref>Chazon Ovadia Sukkot p. 140 explains that it isn't necessary to do havdalah in the sukkah since drinking wine even in an established way isn't considered a fixed meal that needs to be in a sukkah (Rama 639:2). He adds that this is the minhag.</ref> | |||
==Meetings in a Sukkah== | |||
# A person who is talking with friends should do so in a sukkah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Harav 639:4</ref> | |||
#A community committee meeting can take place as usual and doesn't have to be in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Nitei Gavriel 58:10 who explains that the [[Sukkah]] is supposed to replace one's home but anyway for the meeting one always leaves one's home to go another place and also that they wouldn't be able to concentrate as well in the [[Sukkah]]. </ref> | #A community committee meeting can take place as usual and doesn't have to be in the [[Sukkah]].<ref>Nitei Gavriel 58:10 who explains that the [[Sukkah]] is supposed to replace one's home but anyway for the meeting one always leaves one's home to go another place and also that they wouldn't be able to concentrate as well in the [[Sukkah]]. </ref> | ||
