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Eating in the Sukkah: Difference between revisions
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# It is permissible to eat up to a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread outside the Sukkah but for any more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] one must eat it in the Sukkah and make a Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref> The Mishna in Sukkah 25a states that one may eat a snack (achilat arai) outside of the sukkah. The Gemara Sukkah 26a, states that the quantity of an achilat arai is the amount that a yeshiva student would eat in the morning on his way to the beit midrash. Tosafot there "Tarti", say that this amount is a k'beitzah. This is the conclusion of S"A 639:2, Mishna Brurah 639:13, Biur Halacha s.v. KeBaytzah, Natai Gavriel 48:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142). </ref> | # It is permissible to eat up to a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of bread outside the Sukkah but for any more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] one must eat it in the Sukkah and make a Bracha of Leshev BaSukkah. <ref> The Mishna in Sukkah 25a states that one may eat a snack (achilat arai) outside of the sukkah. The Gemara Sukkah 26a, states that the quantity of an achilat arai is the amount that a yeshiva student would eat in the morning on his way to the beit midrash. Tosafot there "Tarti", say that this amount is a k'beitzah. This is the conclusion of S"A 639:2, Mishna Brurah 639:13, Biur Halacha s.v. KeBaytzah, Natai Gavriel 48:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142). </ref> | ||
# If one only ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread and other foods, according to Ashkenazim this is a meal and one must eat it in the Sukkah and even make the bracha of Leshev BaSukkah<ref>Natai Gavriel 48:7</ref>, however, according to Sephardim one doesn't have to eat this in the Sukkah and even if one eats in the Sukkah one does not make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 134)</ref> | # If one only ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread and other foods, according to Ashkenazim this is a meal and one must eat it in the Sukkah and even make the bracha of Leshev BaSukkah<ref>Natai Gavriel 48:7</ref>, however, according to Sephardim one doesn't have to eat this in the Sukkah and even if one eats in the Sukkah one does not make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 134)</ref> | ||
# For sephardim, if one sat in the sukkah, planning to eat less than a kebaytza of bread, and then decided he wanted to eat more than a kebaytza, he should recite a beracha then, even if what he has left is less than a kebaytza. <ref> Chazon Ovadia pg. 133 </ref> | |||
# Some poskim hold that any food on shabbat needs to be eaten in the sukkah because it is achilat keva and not achilat arai. However, most poskim disagree. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 143, Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 141 </ref> | |||
===Fruits=== | ===Fruits=== | ||
# It is permissible to eat fruits even if one eats a lot of fruit. <ref> This is an argument in the gemara Yoma 79b. Tosafot 26a s.v. tarti rule that it is permitted even in a large quantities because fruit is always considered arai. The Rosh Sukkah 2:13 quotes the Maharam Mirutenberg that one may not eat even fruit outside the sukkah but explains that the Maharam only refers to eating more than a k'beitzah but permits eating less than a k'beitzah of fruit. S"A and Rama 639:2 rule like tosafot, as does Natai Gavriel 50:1 </ref>Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have fruit in the Sukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143), Nitai Gavriel 50:12</ref> | # It is permissible to eat fruits even if one eats a lot of fruit. <ref> This is an argument in the gemara Yoma 79b. Tosafot 26a s.v. tarti rule that it is permitted even in a large quantities because fruit is always considered arai. The Rosh Sukkah 2:13 quotes the Maharam Mirutenberg that one may not eat even fruit outside the sukkah but explains that the Maharam only refers to eating more than a k'beitzah but permits eating less than a k'beitzah of fruit. S"A and Rama 639:2 rule like tosafot, as does Natai Gavriel 50:1 </ref>Nonetheless, it's praiseworthy to have fruit in the Sukkah. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 138), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143), Nitai Gavriel 50:12</ref> | ||
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# If one ate a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) or a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat it in the Sukkah and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah, but it's preferable to wait in the Sukkah for some time afterwards and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the sukkah afterwards. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, Maamar Mordechai 639:2, Natai Gavriel 49:1-3 </ref> Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a Sukkah (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]) one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a mezonot food and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> | # If one ate a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]] of [[Pas Haba Bikisnin]] (cookies and cakes) or a cooked dish made out of the five grains (such as noodles) one must eat it in the Sukkah and the Ashkenazic minhag is to make a bracha of LeShev BaSukkah, but it's preferable to wait in the Sukkah for some time afterwards and have in mind when making the bracha that it should cover the eating and the sitting in the sukkah afterwards. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:16, Maamar Mordechai 639:2, Natai Gavriel 49:1-3 </ref> Sephardim hold that even though one must eat it in a Sukkah (if one eats more than a [[Measurements#KeBaytzah|KeBaytzah]]) one doesn't make the bracha of LeShev BaSukkah unless one ate 162 grams of a mezonot food and it's preferable to eat 216 grams in order to make the bracha according to all opinions. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 132-6), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 142-3) </ref> | ||
===If one is middle of a meal=== | ===If one is middle of a meal=== | ||
# If one is middle of a bread meal one may not eat any food or drink outside the Sukkah and even if has food in one's mouth and one began chewing when one leaves the Sukkah one shouldn't continue chewing until one returns to the Sukkah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143) </ref> | # If one is middle of a bread meal one may not eat any food or drink outside the Sukkah and even if has food in one's mouth and one began chewing when one leaves the Sukkah one shouldn't continue chewing until one returns to the Sukkah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 143), Halichot Olam 2:pg. 271, Meiri Sukka 26b "Hamishnah Hachamishit", Shaar Hatziyun 639:29 </ref> | ||
==Bracha of Leshev BeSukkah== | ==Bracha of Leshev BeSukkah== | ||
# It's proper to say the bracha of Leshev before making the HaMotzei. However, it's not an interruption if one does HaMotzei before Leshev. On [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]], the Leshev is said in Kiddish before one drinks from the wine. <ref> S"A and Rama 643:3, Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg 145, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 172) </ref> | # It's proper to say the bracha of Leshev before making the HaMotzei. However, it's not an interruption if one does HaMotzei before Leshev. On [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]], the Leshev is said in Kiddish before one drinks from the wine. <ref> S"A and Rama 643:3, Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg 145, Chazon Ovadyah (Sukkot pg 172). Rosh Sukkah 4:3 says that the Maharam Rutenberg would say leshev basukah first, but says himself that the minhag isn't that way. </ref> | ||
# One who eats while standing, can nevertheless recite the beracha of leshev besukkah. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 175 </ref> | |||
# For which foods it's proper to make LeShev BaSukkah above [[#Which_foods_can_one_eat_outside_the_Sukkah?]]. | # For which foods it's proper to make LeShev BaSukkah above [[#Which_foods_can_one_eat_outside_the_Sukkah?]]. | ||
# If one is fasting for a taanit chalom on sukkot, one should still not recite the beracha on sleeping or sitting in the sukkah, because the beracha was established for eating only. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 145 </ref> | |||
==First night of sukkot== | ==First night of sukkot== | ||
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* if one remembers after Boneh Yerusalayim one should say Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Nattan Moadim LeSimcha…Mikadesh Yisrael VeHaZmanim. | * if one remembers after Boneh Yerusalayim one should say Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Nattan Moadim LeSimcha…Mikadesh Yisrael VeHaZmanim. | ||
* if one didn’t remember until the middle of HaTov VeHaMeitiv or later, one doesn’t repeat benching. <Ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 101) </ref> | * if one didn’t remember until the middle of HaTov VeHaMeitiv or later, one doesn’t repeat benching. <Ref>Chazon Ovadyah (pg 101) </ref> | ||
==Ushpizin== | |||
# It is proper to bring a chair for the ushpizin, like we have a chair at a brit mila for eliyahu hanavi zachur latov, because if there's no chair they will not come. <ref> Chid"a in Moreh Bietzbah 289, Leket Hakatzir 32:5 pg. 461 </ref> | |||
==Eating or sleeping in the Sukkah before [[Sukkot]]== | ==Eating or sleeping in the Sukkah before [[Sukkot]]== | ||
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==Other activities in the Sukkah== | ==Other activities in the Sukkah== | ||
# [[Sleeping in the Sukkah]] (click the link) | # [[Sleeping in the Sukkah]] (click the link) | ||
# One should live in one's Sukkah like one lives in one's house the rest of the year. Therefore, one should eat, drink, sleep, hang out, speak to one's friend, and learn in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:1 writes that one should live in one's Sukkah like one lives in one's house the rest of the year which includes eating, drinking, and sleeping. Mishna Brurah 639:2 adds speaking to one's friend and BeYitzchak Yikare 639:1 adds hanging out. | # One should live in one's Sukkah like one lives in one's house the rest of the year. Therefore, one should eat, drink, sleep, hang out, speak to one's friend, and learn in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:1 writes that one should live in one's Sukkah like one lives in one's house the rest of the year which includes eating, drinking, and sleeping. Mishna Brurah 639:2 adds speaking to one's friend and BeYitzchak Yikare 639:1 adds hanging out. Regarding speaking with friends, Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 147 quotes those who disagree and say that one should only speak words of torah in the sukkah. See also Sh"t Minchat Shlomo 2:58. Minhagei Chatam Sofer 8:12 it is tells that that the Chatam Sofer only left the sukka once each day for Shacharit. He even said mincha and maariv in the sukkah. Regarding learning in the Sukkah see further. </ref> | ||
# One should even bring one's nice utensils into the Sukkah just like uses them during the year in the house, however, one should not bring one's cooking pots into the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:1 writes that one should bring one's nice untensils into the Sukkah, however, the cooking pots shouldn't brought in the Sukkah. The Rama adds that one may leave the cooking pots in the Sukkah during the meal but not after the meal, however, the Mishna Brurah 639:5 writes that the minhag is to be strict not to even bring cooking pots in the Sukkah during the meal. </ref> | # One should even bring one's nice utensils into the Sukkah just like uses them during the year in the house, however, one should not bring one's cooking pots into the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:1 writes that one should bring one's nice untensils into the Sukkah, however, the cooking pots shouldn't brought in the Sukkah. The Rama adds that one may leave the cooking pots in the Sukkah during the meal but not after the meal, however, the Mishna Brurah 639:5 writes that the minhag is to be strict not to even bring cooking pots in the Sukkah during the meal. </ref> | ||
# One should not do any degrading activity in the Sukkah. Therefore one should not clean the dishes in the Sukkah, however, one may clean the cups. One may | # One should not do any degrading activity in the Sukkah. Therefore one should not clean the dishes in the Sukkah, however, one may clean the cups. <ref>Rama 639:1, Mishna Brurah 639:9. However, the Ben Ish Chai Haazinu Halacha 9 forbids even cleaning cups except if they are small cups like coffee cups. </ref> | ||
# Because of the holiness of the Sukkah, it's proper to minimize one's mundane speech in the Sukkah and increase one's speech in Torah and holy matters and all the more so one should be careful not to speak any forbidden speech such as Lashon Hara or getting angry. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:2, Baer Heitev 639:2, Kaf Hachaim 639:5-6</ref> | # One may not go to the bathroom in the Sukkah even if one goes in a pot. <ref> Chayei Adam 147:2, Kitzur S"A 135:2, Aruch Hashulchan 639:4. Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 131 is mekil for someone who is old or sick and it is too difficult for him to leave the sukka to go in a pot, just he warns that he should make sure to cover the pot properly. </ref> | ||
# One shouldn't change a baby's diaper in the sukkah. <ref> Yalkut Yosef moadim pg. 142, Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 129. for smoking in general, see Yalkut Yosef Hilchot Kibbud Av Vaem 7:footnote 16 </ref> | |||
# It is permissible to have marital relations in the sukkah. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 130 </ref> | |||
# It is permissible to smoke in the sukkah, disregarding the permissibility of smoking in general. <Ref> Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 130 </ref> | |||
# Because of the holiness of the Sukkah, it's proper to minimize one's mundane speech in the Sukkah and increase one's speech in Torah and holy matters and all the more so one should be careful not to speak any forbidden speech such as Lashon Hara or getting angry. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:2, Baer Heitev 639:2, Kaf Hachaim 639:5-6, Bikkurei Yaakov 639:2</ref> | |||
==Learning in the Sukkah== | ==Learning in the Sukkah== | ||
# One should learn in the Sukkah unless one isn't unable to concentrate in which case one should learn inside.<ref>S"A 639:4. | # One should learn in the Sukkah unless one isn't unable to concentrate in which case one should learn inside.<ref>S"A 639:4. Nitei Gavriel 58:1 quotes the Yarot Dvash (Dorosh 6 s.v. VeZehu) who explains that one who sits in the sukkah with pure intent, learns, and enjoys the holiday merits a special level of divine presence.</ref> | ||
# If the cold or heat (if one doesn't have air conditioning in the Sukkah) bothers oneself and one can't concentrate to learn one may learn inside. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29 writes that if it's too cold for oneself in the sukkah and one can't concentrate one may learn inside. Natai Gavriel 48:7 extends this where it's too hot and one doesn't have air conditioning in the sukkah. </ref> | # If the cold or heat (if one doesn't have air conditioning in the Sukkah) bothers oneself and one can't concentrate to learn one may learn inside. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29 writes that if it's too cold for oneself in the sukkah and one can't concentrate one may learn inside. Natai Gavriel 48:7 extends this where it's too hot and one doesn't have air conditioning in the sukkah. </ref> | ||
# If it's a pain to bring all the Seforim into the Sukkah many times (as one needs the space to eat or sleep) then one doesn't have to learn in the Sukkah, however, if one can leave all the Seforim in the Sukkah for the entire holiday one must do that. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29, Natai Gavriel 58:3 </ref> | # If it's a pain to bring all the Seforim into the Sukkah many times (as one needs the space to eat or sleep) then one doesn't have to learn in the Sukkah, however, if one can leave all the Seforim in the Sukkah for the entire holiday one must do that. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:29, Natai Gavriel 58:3. see also Kaf Hachaim 639:62 Chazon Ovadia Sukkot pg. 127 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 141 </ref> | ||
# One who usually learns in a Bet Midrash doesn't have to learn in a Sukkah. <ref>S"A HaRav 639:4, Kaf HaChaim 639:63, Natai Gavriel 58:6 </ref> | # One who usually learns in a Bet Midrash doesn't have to learn in a Sukkah. <ref>S"A HaRav 639:4, Kaf HaChaim 639:63, Natai Gavriel 58:6 </ref> | ||
# One should pray in a shul and not in one's Sukkah even if one can get a minyan in the Sukkah. If there's no shul in one's city if one is able to concentrate in the Sukkah one should pray in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:4 writes that if one wants one may pray in the Sukkah. The Mishna Brurah 639:30 explains that in the place where one has greater kavanah (concentration) one should pray unless there is a shul in the city in which case one should go there (because during the rest of the year one would leave one's house to go to the shul. Pri Megadim (M"Z 639:14), Kaf HaChaim 639:67, and Nitai Gavriel 58:8 add that one should pray in the established shul even if one can get a minyan in the Sukkah. </ref> | # One should pray in a shul and not in one's Sukkah even if one can get a minyan in the Sukkah. If there's no shul in one's city if one is able to concentrate in the Sukkah one should pray in the Sukkah. <ref>S"A 639:4 writes that if one wants one may pray in the Sukkah. The Mishna Brurah 639:30 explains that in the place where one has greater kavanah (concentration) one should pray unless there is a shul in the city in which case one should go there (because during the rest of the year one would leave one's house to go to the shul. Pri Megadim (M"Z 639:14), Kaf HaChaim 639:67, and Nitai Gavriel 58:8 add that one should pray in the established shul even if one can get a minyan in the Sukkah. </ref> | ||
# If one usually does [[Havdalah]] at home during [[Sukkot]] one should do it in the Sukkah. However, those who listen to [[Havdalah]] in the shul can do so also on [[Sukkot]]. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:30, Shaar HaTzion 639:57, Kaf HaChaim 639:66. </ref> If one does it in the succah there is a discussion if you should recite the beracha. <ref> Shevet ha-Levi 6:42 says no beracha of leshev basuccah is recited because it isn't a keviat seuda, see above. However, Chazon Ish quoted in Rivevos Efrayim 1:428 and 3:424 rules that since it is wine for [[havdala]] it elevates the level of drinking to keviat seuda, and therefore would require the beracha. Rav Elyashiv in Succas Chayim page 202 rules that this applies only to wine and not to grape juice. The steipler in Orchos Rabbeinu 2: page 228 as well as Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchita 58:22 recommend eating bread immediately after havdala to avoid any doubts, and recite leseh basuccah Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita recommends reciting the leshev basuccah before the boreh pri hagefen. </ref> | # If one usually does [[Havdalah]] at home during [[Sukkot]] one should do it in the Sukkah. However, those who listen to [[Havdalah]] in the shul can do so also on [[Sukkot]]. <ref>Mishna Brurah 639:30, Shaar HaTzion 639:57, Kaf HaChaim 639:66. </ref> If one does it in the succah there is a discussion if you should recite the beracha. <ref> Shevet ha-Levi 6:42 says no beracha of leshev basuccah is recited because it isn't a keviat seuda, see above. However, Chazon Ish quoted in Rivevos Efrayim 1:428 and 3:424 rules that since it is wine for [[havdala]] it elevates the level of drinking to keviat seuda, and therefore would require the beracha. Rav Elyashiv in Succas Chayim page 202 rules that this applies only to wine and not to grape juice. The steipler in Orchos Rabbeinu 2: page 228 as well as Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchita 58:22 recommend eating bread immediately after havdala to avoid any doubts, and recite leseh basuccah Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita recommends reciting the leshev basuccah before the boreh pri hagefen. Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 9:163 says that one should have in mind when eating seudat shlishit to have in mind specifically, that the leshev basukkah recited then will not cover havdala, then when reciting havdala say the beracha and immediately start eating melaveh malka. </ref> | ||
# A community committee meeting can take place as usual and doesn't have to be in the Sukkah. <ref>Nitai Gavriel 58:10 who explains that the Sukkah is supposed to replace one's home but anyway for the meeting one always leaves one's home to go another place and also that they wouldn't be able to concentrate as well in the Sukkah. </ref> | # A community committee meeting can take place as usual and doesn't have to be in the Sukkah. <ref>Nitai Gavriel 58:10 who explains that the Sukkah is supposed to replace one's home but anyway for the meeting one always leaves one's home to go another place and also that they wouldn't be able to concentrate as well in the Sukkah. </ref> | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
