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Earliest and Latest time to light Chanukah Candles: Difference between revisions

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Earliest and Latest time to light Chanukah Candles (view source)

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* The Gemara [[Shabbat]] 21b states one should light from Mishtishka HaChama (lit. from the setting of the sun) until people leave the marketplace. What does the Mishtishka HaChama mean?  
* The Gemara [[Shabbat]] 21b states one should light from Mishtishka HaChama (lit. from the setting of the sun) until people leave the marketplace. What does the Mishtishka HaChama mean?  
* On the basis of some Rishonim the Gra (Beiur HaGra 672:1) writes that one should light at sunset. See Bei’ur Halacha s.v. lo, who adds that perhaps the Rambam holds one should light at sunset. [Seemingly, Bet Yosef who quotes Rambam and then says that the Tur used the word “the end of the sunset” because the beginning of the sunset is still mostly day, holds that the Rambam and Tur don’t argue. However, the Yad Aharon 672 explains the Rambam as holding one should light at sunset. and Mishna Brurah (Biur Halacha 672:1) also suggests this possibility.] Additionally, The Rama (Darkei Moshe 672:4) quotes the Maharil's practice of lighting right after sunset. The Darkei Moshe also quotes the Sefer Minhagim (of Rabbi Tirna pg 144) who agrees that the gemara means that one should light at Shekiyah, but adds that one doesn't need to be careful about this.  
* On the basis of some Rishonim the Gra (Beiur HaGra 672:1) writes that one should light at sunset. See Bei’ur Halacha s.v. lo, who adds that perhaps the Rambam holds one should light at sunset. [Seemingly, Bet Yosef who quotes Rambam and then says that the Tur used the word “the end of the sunset” because the beginning of the sunset is still mostly day, holds that the Rambam and Tur don’t argue. However, the Yad Aharon 672 explains the Rambam as holding one should light at sunset. and Mishna Brurah (Biur Halacha 672:1) also suggests this possibility.] Additionally, The Rama (Darkei Moshe 672:4) quotes the Maharil's practice of lighting right after sunset. The Darkei Moshe also quotes the Sefer Minhagim (of Rabbi Tirna pg 144) who agrees that the gemara means that one should light at Shekiyah, but adds that one doesn't need to be careful about this.  
* The Rashba (21b D”H Ha DeAmrinan) seems to understand the term Mishtishka HaChama to mean Shkiyat HaChama. The Ran (on the Rif 9a D"H Mitzvata) and Meiri (21b D"H Achar) also imply this understanding. The Beiur HaGra 672:1 understands the Rashba and Ran as discussing the Shekiya Sheniya (the second sunset, a term that will hopefully be clarified later).  
* The Rashba (21b D”H Ha DeAmrinan) seems to understand the term Mishtishka HaChama to mean Shkiyat HaChama. The Ran (on the Rif 9a s.v. Mitzvata) and Meiri (21b s.v. Achar) also imply this understanding. The Beiur HaGra 672:1 understands the Rashba and Ran as discussing the Shekiya Sheniya (the second sunset, a term that will hopefully be clarified later).  
* However, The Mordechai (Hagahot Mordechai 455) writes that one should light Chanuka candles at Tzeit HaKochavim, because a candle isn’t noticeable during the day. Similarly, Rabbenu Tam (Sefer HaYashar 221, Tosfot Menachot 20b D”H Nifsal) holds that one should not chanuka candles until the end of the second shekiyah, which is equivalent to Tzet Hakochavim. The Hagahot Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 455), Ritva 21b, Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 102 in name of Mordechai, Sedah LeDerech 4:7(2), and Bach 672:1 based on the Rosh (Shabbat 2:3) concur with the opinion of Rabbenu Tam. The Tur and S”A 672:1 rule like the Mordechai.  
* However, The Mordechai (Hagahot Mordechai 455) writes that one should light Chanuka candles at Tzeit HaKochavim, because a candle isn’t noticeable during the day. Similarly, Rabbenu Tam (Sefer HaYashar 221, Tosfot Menachot 20b D”H Nifsal) holds that one should not chanuka candles until the end of the second shekiyah, which is equivalent to Tzet Hakochavim. The Hagahot Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 455), Ritva 21b, Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 102 in name of Mordechai, Sedah LeDerech 4:7(2), and Bach 672:1 based on the Rosh (Shabbat 2:3) concur with the opinion of Rabbenu Tam. The Tur and S”A 672:1 rule like the Mordechai.  
* Most achronim hold like S”A to light at Tzet Hakochavim including the Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah 672:1, Magan Avraham 672:1, Eliyah Raba 672:1, Maamer Mordechai 672:1, Chaye Adam 154:18, Derech HaChaim 672:2, Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 7, Sehulchan lechem Hapanim 672, and Kaf Hachaim 672:2.  
* Most achronim hold like S”A to light at Tzet Hakochavim including the Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah 672:1, Magan Avraham 672:1, Eliyah Raba 672:1, Maamer Mordechai 672:1, Chaye Adam 154:18, Derech HaChaim 672:2, Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 7, Sehulchan lechem Hapanim 672, and Kaf Hachaim 672:2.  
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