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Earliest and Latest time to light Chanukah Candles: Difference between revisions

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# One shouldn’t delay lighting the [[Chanukah]] candles at the ideal time (see above), but if one didn't light until after the time that people left the marketplace, one should nonetheless light. However, while some say that one may only recite the bracha if some of the household members are awake, others hold that it’s proper to wake up some of the family, but if one can’t, he should still light with a bracha. <ref>  
# One shouldn’t delay lighting the [[Chanukah]] candles at the ideal time (see above), but if one didn't light until after the time that people left the marketplace, one should nonetheless light. However, while some say that one may only recite the bracha if some of the household members are awake, others hold that it’s proper to wake up some of the family, but if one can’t, he should still light with a bracha. <ref>  
* The Gemara [[Shabbat]] 21b has two explanations of the Briatta's language of ‘Tichleh Regel Min HaShuk’ (once people leave the market). The first explanation is ‘if one didn’t light, one can still light’ and the other explanation is that one must put in enough oil to last until the time people leave the market. The Rambam ([[Chanukah]] 4:5) rules that one who didn’t light at the beginning of the night, one can still light until ‘Tichleh Regel’. The Bach 672 explains that the Rambam understood that the two answers of the gemara are complementary and so he rules based on the first answer that one may only light until the time people leave the market. Magid Mishna, Bahag ([[Chanukah]] pg 25d), Sh”t HaGoanim Sharei [[Teshuva]] 233, Riaz, Rid, Shiltei Giborim, Smak 280, Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 2:265), Ran, Sefer HaTrumah 228, Rosh ([[Shabbat]] 2:3), Tur 672, Pri [[Chadash]], Maamer Mordechai  672:4, Sh”t Sadeh Aretz O”C 35 s.v. VaAni, hold like the Rambam that after ‘Tichle Regel there’s no mitzvah to light. Therefore, Meiri, Ritva, and Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15) say to light after then without a bracha.  
* The Gemara [[Shabbat]] 21b has two explanations of the Briatta's language of ‘Tichleh Regel Min HaShuk’ (once people leave the market). The first explanation is ‘if one didn’t light, one can still light’ and the other explanation is that one must put in enough oil to last until the time people leave the market. The Rambam ([[Chanukah]] 4:5) rules that one who didn’t light at the beginning of the night, one can still light until ‘Tichleh Regel’. The Bach 672 explains that the Rambam understood that the two answers of the gemara are complementary and so he rules based on the first answer that one may only light until the time people leave the market. Magid Mishna, Bahag ([[Chanukah]] pg 25d), Sh”t HaGoanim Sharei [[Teshuva]] 233, Riaz, Rid, Shiltei Giborim, Smak 280, Mordechai ([[Shabbat]] 2:265), Ran, Sefer HaTrumah 228, Rosh ([[Shabbat]] 2:3), Tur 672, Pri [[Chadash]], Maamer Mordechai  672:4, Sh”t Sadeh Aretz O”C 35 s.v. VaAni, hold like the Rambam that after ‘Tichle Regel there’s no mitzvah to light. Therefore, Meiri, Ritva, and Orchot Chaim ([[Chanukah]] 15) say to light after then without a bracha.  
* However, Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Deiy Lo Adlik) writes that according to the second answer of the gemara one may light all night. However, in deference to the first answer if people have already left the market one should only light without a bracha. However, the Ri (Tosfot {{ibid}}.) raises the point that since nowadays we light indoors and there is pirsumei nisa for the family members, one may light even after the time that people have left the marketplace.
* However, Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Deiy Lo Adlik) writes that according to the second answer of the gemara one may light all night. However, in deference to the first answer if people have already left the market one should only light without a bracha. However, the Ri (Tosfot [[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Deiy Lo Adlik) raises the point that since nowadays we light indoors and there is pirsumei nisa for the family members, one may light even after the time that people have left the marketplace.
* Additionally, the Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21b) understands that if one didn’t light by ‘Tichleh Regel’ can still light all night and the Briatta is only telling us what is preferable. The Rashba bases his idea on the Mishna [[Megillah]] (20b) that states any nighttime mitzvah may be performed anytime during the night. The Ravyah 3:843, Hagahot Maimon ([[Chanukah]] 4:2), Machsor Vitri (236 pg 199), Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rashi 316 pg 151, Teshuvat Rashi 52, Pardes HaGadol 199, Sh”t Maseh HaGoanim 52 pg 43, Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Deiy Lo Adlik) in name of the Ri, Sefer Trumah 228 in name of Ri, Shibolei HaLeket 185 in name of Sefer Hatrumah, Ohel Moed ([[Chanukah]] 4), Teshuvat Ravyah 972, Rosh 2:3, Smak, Rabbene Yerucham 9:1, Meiri, Smag, Orchot Chaim in name of some Geonim and Sefer Hatrumah, and Ran hold that one may light later in the night based on the opinion of the Ri and Rashba. Rabben Peretz (on Smak 280) says to light while household members are awake. Ritva says nowadays when we light inside we can light after ‘Tichle Regel’ against the Tur who says this time applies even nowadays. [Darkei Moshe and Bach write that the Tur also agrees to the Tosfot but just was writing according to the Minhag of his place.]  
* Additionally, the Rashba ([[Shabbat]] 21b) understands that if one didn’t light by ‘Tichleh Regel’ can still light all night and the Briatta is only telling us what is preferable. The Rashba bases his idea on the Mishna [[Megillah]] (20b) that states any nighttime mitzvah may be performed anytime during the night. The Ravyah 3:843, Hagahot Maimon ([[Chanukah]] 4:2), Machsor Vitri (236 pg 199), Rabbenu Yerucham 9:1, Siddur Rashi 316 pg 151, Teshuvat Rashi 52, Pardes HaGadol 199, Sh”t Maseh HaGoanim 52 pg 43, Tosfot ([[Shabbat]] 21b s.v. Deiy Lo Adlik) in name of the Ri, Sefer Trumah 228 in name of Ri, Shibolei HaLeket 185 in name of Sefer Hatrumah, Ohel Moed ([[Chanukah]] 4), Teshuvat Ravyah 972, Rosh 2:3, Smak, Rabbene Yerucham 9:1, Meiri, Smag, Orchot Chaim in name of some Geonim and Sefer Hatrumah, and Ran hold that one may light later in the night based on the opinion of the Ri and Rashba. Rabben Peretz (on Smak 280) says to light while household members are awake. Ritva says nowadays when we light inside we can light after ‘Tichle Regel’ against the Tur who says this time applies even nowadays. [Darkei Moshe and Bach write that the Tur also agrees to the Tosfot but just was writing according to the Minhag of his place.]  
* Based on the opinion of the Ri, the Rama 672:2 rules nowadays one doesn’t need light by Tichleh Regel but one should be careful to light by then. Similarly,  S”A 672:2 rules that if one did not light before people left the marketplace, he nevertheless should do so later on until [[Olot HaShachar]]. The Magen Avraham 672:6 explains that one is allowed to light after people left the marketplace with a bracha only as long as the family members are awake. Eliyah Raba, 672:3, Chaye Adam 154:19, Derech Hachaim 672:2, Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 7, Aruch HaShulchan 672:7, and Kaf Hachaim 672:26 agree with the Magen Avraham. Thus, Mishna Brurah 672:11 says that if one is lighting after the time that people have left the marketplace, it is proper to awaken family members so that one may light with a bracha. Similarly, Rav Dovid Yosef (Torat HaMoadim 4:4) rules that one shouldn’t make a bracha but shouldn’t stop someone who wants to make the bracha as he has what to rely on.  
* Based on the opinion of the Ri, the Rama 672:2 rules nowadays one doesn’t need light by Tichleh Regel but one should be careful to light by then. Similarly,  S”A 672:2 rules that if one did not light before people left the marketplace, he nevertheless should do so later on until [[Olot HaShachar]]. The Magen Avraham 672:6 explains that one is allowed to light after people left the marketplace with a bracha only as long as the family members are awake. Eliyah Raba, 672:3, Chaye Adam 154:19, Derech Hachaim 672:2, Ben Ish Chai Vayeshev 7, Aruch HaShulchan 672:7, and Kaf Hachaim 672:26 agree with the Magen Avraham. Thus, Mishna Brurah 672:11 says that if one is lighting after the time that people have left the marketplace, it is proper to awaken family members so that one may light with a bracha. Similarly, Rav Dovid Yosef (Torat HaMoadim 4:4) rules that one shouldn’t make a bracha but shouldn’t stop someone who wants to make the bracha as he has what to rely on.  
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* Similarly, Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah ([[Chanukah]] pg 64-7; published 5767) writes it in this language: if one comes home late and everyone is sleeping if one can wake up one or two house members that's great, however, if one can’t wake anyone up then one can still make a bracha. [It seems that Rav Ovadyah Yosef retracted from his ruling in Kol Sinai 5725.] Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (cited by Beyomin DeChanukah 242 and Shalmei Moed pg 218) agrees.
* Similarly, Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah ([[Chanukah]] pg 64-7; published 5767) writes it in this language: if one comes home late and everyone is sleeping if one can wake up one or two house members that's great, however, if one can’t wake anyone up then one can still make a bracha. [It seems that Rav Ovadyah Yosef retracted from his ruling in Kol Sinai 5725.] Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (cited by Beyomin DeChanukah 242 and Shalmei Moed pg 218) agrees.
* See also the Magan Avraham quotes Maharshal who says to make a bracha only up to [[Chatzot]]. The Gra (Maaseh Rav 236) agrees with the Maharshal.  
* See also the Magan Avraham quotes Maharshal who says to make a bracha only up to [[Chatzot]]. The Gra (Maaseh Rav 236) agrees with the Maharshal.  
* The Rif (9b), Rambam ({{ibid}}.), and Rosh (2:3) all write that the time that people leave the marketplace is one half-hour after the time for lighting begins. Tur and S”A 672:2 codify this as halacha. However, the Ritva 21b s.v. Ad points out that this amount of time is not an objective time period, but rather is dependent on the time and place. Therefore, Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Hilchos [[Chanukah]] and [[Purim]] #1, min 19-20) rules that although the minhag of some yeshivot is to light about 20 minutes after sunset (see note 1), one may light as long as people are walking in the streets, which in a yeshiva could be very late indeed. </ref>
* The Rif (9b), Rambam ([[Chanuka]] 4:5), and Rosh (2:3) all write that the time that people leave the marketplace is one half-hour after the time for lighting begins. Tur and S”A 672:2 codify this as halacha. However, the Ritva 21b s.v. Ad points out that this amount of time is not an objective time period, but rather is dependent on the time and place. Therefore, Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Hilchos [[Chanukah]] and [[Purim]] #1, min 19-20) rules that although the minhag of some yeshivot is to light about 20 minutes after sunset (see note 1), one may light as long as people are walking in the streets, which in a yeshiva could be very late indeed. </ref>
# Someone who came home right before [[Olot HaShachar]] can light with a bracha even though it won’t be lit for 30 minutes during the night. Some say one should light without a bracha if there’s not 30 minutes for the candle to be light at night. <ref> Sh”t [[Shevet Halevi]] 8:156 writes that one can light with a bracha even if there’s not 30 minutes for the candles to burn before Olot Hashachar. He proves this from the simple language of S”A, Magan Avraham and Mishna Brurah (and all other poskim) that one can light all night until [[Olot HaShachar]]. So writes Sh”t Rivovot Efraim 5:582 in name of Sh”t Shem MeShimon 3 pg 120. Chazon Ovadiah ([[Chanukah]] pg 67) seems to agree because he quotes the Shevet HaLevi and no one who argues. Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 672:2. However, Rav Elyashiv in Sefer [[Chanukah]] 13:13 and Torat HaYoledet 54:7 say not to light with a bracha unless there’s 30 minutes before [[Olot HaShachar]]. </ref>
# Someone who came home right before [[Olot HaShachar]] can light with a bracha even though it won’t be lit for 30 minutes during the night. Some say one should light without a bracha if there’s not 30 minutes for the candle to be light at night. <ref> Sh”t [[Shevet Halevi]] 8:156 writes that one can light with a bracha even if there’s not 30 minutes for the candles to burn before Olot Hashachar. He proves this from the simple language of S”A, Magan Avraham and Mishna Brurah (and all other poskim) that one can light all night until [[Olot HaShachar]]. So writes Sh”t Rivovot Efraim 5:582 in name of Sh”t Shem MeShimon 3 pg 120. Chazon Ovadiah ([[Chanukah]] pg 67) seems to agree because he quotes the Shevet HaLevi and no one who argues. Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 672:2. However, Rav Elyashiv in Sefer [[Chanukah]] 13:13 and Torat HaYoledet 54:7 say not to light with a bracha unless there’s 30 minutes before [[Olot HaShachar]]. </ref>
# One should wait for his wife because of Shalom Bayit even if that means missing lighting precisely at the time for lighting. <ref> Emet LeYacov 677 in the footnote, Kovetz MeBet Levi kislev 5757. </ref>
# One should wait for his wife because of Shalom Bayit even if that means missing lighting precisely at the time for lighting. <ref> Emet LeYacov 677 in the footnote, Kovetz MeBet Levi kislev 5757. </ref>
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