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Cooking on Yom Tov: Difference between revisions
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* The Gemara Beitzah 22a says that according to Rabba it is forbidden to extinguish a flame to avoid a loss of money. Based on one reading of the gemara, the Rif (Beitzah 11b) concludes that it is forbidden also to extinguish a fire in order so that your food doesn't burn. This is also the opinion of the Rambam (Yom Tov 4:6). However, the Rashba (Avodat Hakodesh 2:7:85, Beitzah 22a s.v. im) and Mordechai (Beitzah 681) hold that it is permitted to extinguish so that your food doesn't burn. The Ran (Beitzah 11b s.v. gemara) seems to agree. The Rosh (Beitzah 2:19) concludes that if your food is burning you should light a smaller fire rather than extinguish this fire and cook the food on that smaller fire. If there's no way to light a smaller fire then it is permitted to extinguish the fire. The Bet Yosef 514:1 and Maggid Mishna (Yom Tov 4:4) equate the opinion of the Rashba and Rosh. The Shulchan Aruch 514:1 follows the opinion of the Rif and Rambam, while the Rama follows the opinion of the Rashba and he too seems to equate the Rashba and Rosh (Darkei Moshe 514:1). Therefore, the Mishna Brurah 514:6 concludes according to the Rama if your food is burning it is permitted to light another smaller fire to cook the food and that's preferable to extinguishing or lowering this fire. | * The Gemara Beitzah 22a says that according to Rabba it is forbidden to extinguish a flame to avoid a loss of money. Based on one reading of the gemara, the Rif (Beitzah 11b) concludes that it is forbidden also to extinguish a fire in order so that your food doesn't burn. This is also the opinion of the Rambam (Yom Tov 4:6). However, the Rashba (Avodat Hakodesh 2:7:85, Beitzah 22a s.v. im) and Mordechai (Beitzah 681) hold that it is permitted to extinguish so that your food doesn't burn. The Ran (Beitzah 11b s.v. gemara) seems to agree. The Rosh (Beitzah 2:19) concludes that if your food is burning you should light a smaller fire rather than extinguish this fire and cook the food on that smaller fire. If there's no way to light a smaller fire then it is permitted to extinguish the fire. The Bet Yosef 514:1 and Maggid Mishna (Yom Tov 4:4) equate the opinion of the Rashba and Rosh. The Shulchan Aruch 514:1 follows the opinion of the Rif and Rambam, while the Rama follows the opinion of the Rashba and he too seems to equate the Rashba and Rosh (Darkei Moshe 514:1). Therefore, the Mishna Brurah 514:6 concludes according to the Rama if your food is burning it is permitted to light another smaller fire to cook the food and that's preferable to extinguishing or lowering this fire. | ||
* Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igrot Moshe 1:115) holds that it is permitted to even light another fire. The Dirshu Mishna Brurah n. 7 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata ch. 13 fnt. 52) as disagreeing with Rav Moshe and explaining that it is better to light another fire rather than lower the larger fire because lighting a fire is a positive melacha that enables cooking while extinguishing a flame is more similar to removing something that was preventing cooking. </ref> Sephardim can also rely on the lenient opinion for a gas stove.<ref>Even though Shulchan Aruch 514:1 is strict to forbid extinguishing for the purpose of not burning food, Chazon Ovadia (Yom Tov p. 58) is lenient for a gas stove. See Yabia Omer 1:31 and 3:30.</ref> | * Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igrot Moshe 1:115) holds that it is permitted to even light another fire. The Dirshu Mishna Brurah n. 7 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata ch. 13 fnt. 52) as disagreeing with Rav Moshe and explaining that it is better to light another fire rather than lower the larger fire because lighting a fire is a positive melacha that enables cooking while extinguishing a flame is more similar to removing something that was preventing cooking. </ref> Sephardim can also rely on the lenient opinion for a gas stove.<ref>Even though Shulchan Aruch 514:1 is strict to forbid extinguishing for the purpose of not burning food, Chazon Ovadia (Yom Tov p. 58) is lenient for a gas stove. See Yabia Omer 1:31 and 3:30.</ref> | ||
==Shava Lkol Nefesh== | |||
Shava Lkol Nefesh | |||
Do you need shava l’chol nefesh on food? | |||
* Shitah Mikubeset Ketubot 7a s.v. amar leh ana writes that according to the Raavad and one answer in Tosfot food is unique that it is always considered shava lkol nefesh. Alternatively, writes the Shitah Mikubeset based on the second answer in Tosfot, cooking deer meat is only permitted since it is equally enjoyed by all but even in the category of food it needs to be shava l’kol nefesh. Shitah Mikubeset 7a s.v. Mitoch quoting the Raah sides with the second approach that for food it also needs to be shava lkol nefesh. This also seems to be the opinion of Rashi Beitzah and Tosfot. Baal Hameor (Beitzah 12a) clearly adopts this second approach and the Ramban (Milchamot Beitzah 12a) argues in accordance with the Raavad. | |||
* Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata (Ch. 13 fnt. 55) quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach who understood Mishna Brurah 507:31 as saying that shava lkol nefesh is necessary for food like the opinion of Rashi, Tosfot, Raah, and Baal Hameor. He clarifies that if the melacha is only going to help make the food nice but it would be edible anyway it isn’t shava lkol nefesh. However, if the type of food is something everyone would enjoy like putting spices in food it is permitted to put them in food even if everyone would enjoy adding as much as you would. This distinction is similar to Mishna Brurah 511:7. Mishna Brurah 507:25, and Shaar Hatziyun 510:12 also cite the opinion of the Baal Hameor. Mishna Brurah 511:25 cites Rashi and seems to follow the Baal Hameor. | |||
* Peni Yehoshua Shabbat 39b s.v. v’omer Ri offers two explanations of shava lkol nefesh. Either that everyone enjoys this type of pleasure or that it is healthy. | |||
* Aruch Hashulchan 495:22 explains that the Rambam doesn’t hold of shava lkol nefesh since it is only rav papa on ketubot 7a who says it but we don’t even hold like his opinion anyway. | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
