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#If a person was assumed to be a non-Jew and wasn't acting Jewish and now he claims that his mother was Jewish he is not trusted.<ref>Achiezer 3:27</ref> | #If a person was assumed to be a non-Jew and wasn't acting Jewish and now he claims that his mother was Jewish he is not trusted.<ref>Achiezer 3:27</ref> | ||
==Milah== | ==Milah== | ||
# A non-Jew who already had a medical circumcision or was born circumcised needs a hatafat dam brit, and no bracha is recited.<ref>Tosfot Yevamot 46b s.v. drabbi yosi quotes a dispute between the Bahag and Rabbenu Chananel whether a convert who already has a milah needs hatafat dam brit. Bahag holds he does. The Tur 268:1 cites the Itur who distinguishes between a non-Jew born without a foreskin who doesn't need a hatafat dam brit, and a convert who had a medical circumcision previously who needs a hatafat dam brit. Bet Yosef culls the opinion of the Rif Shabbat 55b, Rosh Shabbat 19:5, and Rambam Shabbat 1:7 as holding like the Bahag. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 268:1 codifies this opinion that he needs a hatafat dam brit without a bracha. Shach 268:1 explains that there is no bracha because it is a dispute in the rishonim.</ref> | |||
# A non-Jew who can't have a milah for medical reasons can't convert.<ref>Tosfot Yevamot 46b s.v. drabbi yosi writes that if a male's male organ was cut off he can still convert and he becomes Jewish with tevilah like a woman. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 268:1 codifies this opinion. Although someone who can't have a milah for medical reasons seems to be similar to that case, the Achiezer 4:45 and 4:46 rejects that comparison and holds that he can't convert. This is also the opinion of Zecher Yitzchak 3, Derech Pikudecha (Mitzchak Aseh 2, Dibbur 30), Rav Kook (Daat Kohen 150), and Rav Tzvi Pesach Frank YD 220. Rav Kook distinguishes between from the case of Tosfot since the medical situation could be temporary, it could be possible if they want to put themselves in danger, or that we don’t have shiluchutayhu for an uncommon situation.</ref> | |||
===Milah by Non-Jew=== | ===Milah by Non-Jew=== | ||
# The milah of gerut certainly needs to be lishma and if done by a non-Jew is invalid and needs hatafat dam brit.<ref>Achiezer 3:27</ref> | # The milah of gerut certainly needs to be lishma and if done by a non-Jew is invalid and needs hatafat dam brit.<ref>Achiezer 3:27</ref> | ||
